Recently, many infected people in COVID-19 gradually recovered after family therapy, but some of them were not positive. These people are called by netizens to break into the "last circle" of epidemic prevention. Are these people worried about being infected by contact with Yang Kang?
Many experts in infectious diseases said that if the antigen test of "Yang Kang" is negative before returning to work, it will no longer be contagious; At the same time, it is reminded that it is not possible to judge whether it is contagious simply by the time of infection. Yang Guo can do an antigen self-test before returning to work.
"Almost 10 days ago, colleagues around me were all positive, and fewer and fewer colleagues went to work. Now they have all become the' only children' of the company, and now colleagues have begun to return to their posts. " Mr. Cao from Chaoyang District, Beijing told the People's Daily Health Client that Mr. Cao was glad that he could advance to the "finals", but he was still a little worried when he came into contact with people who had returned to work. Some people still had cough symptoms.
"Infected people will only infect others if they contain COVID-19 during the infection period and the onset period." Professor Sheng, deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment and director of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, said in an interview with the People's Daily Health Client on February 25, "If COVID-19 patients are treated and recovered, the antigen self-test is negative, indicating that the toxin in the body has been removed and there is no virus replication in the body, so it is no longer contagious."
For some people who have been infected for more than a week or ten days, there are no symptoms now, and they should have recovered and are not contagious. Sheng Ji Fang emphasized that everyone's physique is different, his age is different and his illness is different. Some people turn negative for a long time, while others turn negative for a short time. We can't judge whether it turns negative simply by the time of infection, but we still need to do antigen testing.
Dong Li, the chief physician of the Department of Infectious Diseases of Beijing You 'an Hospital and a medical expert of Xiaotangshan Fangcang Hospital, said in an interview with the People's Daily Health Client, "If you still have cough symptoms, I suggest you wear a mask when you return to work and go out to visit relatives and friends, especially those who work in important positions such as nursing homes and medical institutions, you must be well protected. If you want to visit the elderly and infants, it is best to wait until the onset time is not less than 10 days, and at the same time meet the conditions of turning negative, so that you can basically think that there is no problem. "
In terms of personal protection, Sheng Ji Fang emphasized that "Yang Kang" personnel should wear masks, wash their hands frequently, get plenty of ventilation and keep a safe distance when they return to work. At the same time, they should keep warm. At the same time, they should drink plenty of water and keep their nasal mucosa moist, which is very important to avoid other virus infections.
Extended reading
What is the secondary infection rate? Everyone is most concerned about the problems of "yang recovery" and "secondary infection", and experts have answered them.
According to the Health Times, recently, many people are very concerned about whether they will be infected again after recovery. Is the secondary infection more serious? In view of the current hot issues that everyone cares about, experts answer them.
On February 23rd, 65438, medical staff distributed medicines to the citizens in the community health service center of Wang Yue Street, Changsha. Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Si Khan photo
1, what is secondary infection?
Wang Guiqiang, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Hospital of Peking University, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency on February 22 12 that secondary infection refers to COVID-19's reinfection after a period of recovery from infection, which is often caused by COVID-19 mutation. ①
2. How to determine the secondary infection?
On February 20, 65438, the official WeChat of Beijing CDC was posted on the official WeChat account: Different countries or regions have different definitions of secondary infection, but the basic condition is that it will take some time after diagnosis. For example, the European Center for Disease Control and Prevention believes that only when the first infected virus is completely eliminated and there is enough time to produce an immune response can it be diagnosed as a real secondary infection. The interval between secondary infections in Britain is at least 90 days, and in the United States it is 60-90 days later.
Secondary infection needs to be comprehensively judged by combining symptoms and signs, clinical manifestations, immune response, gene sequencing and other indicators.
3. What is the probability of secondary infection?
According to the announcement of Beijing CDC, the probability of secondary infection is mainly related to human immune level and virus strain variation. The higher the immune response index such as antibody, the smaller the variation of virus strain and the lower the incidence of secondary infection. The current research shows that the secondary infection caused by Omicron is slightly higher than that caused by early mutant. But overall, the probability of secondary infection in COVID-19 in a short time is still relatively low.
"From the time when the secondary infection occurs, there is usually an interval. It will not be said that secondary infection will occur soon after infection, and the probability of secondary infection of the same strain is extremely low. "
Professor Wang Guiqiang said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency on February 22, 65438 that secondary infection mainly refers to the breakthrough infection of mutant strains, and the time interval of breakthrough infection is closely related to clinical manifestations. The shorter the interval, the lighter the symptoms and the more serious the symptoms after the interval, which is directly related to the immune antibodies in the human body.
4. How to distinguish between "recurrence" and secondary infection?
According to the article of Beijing CDC, "Fuyang" means that the symptoms of infected people basically disappear, and after reaching the discharge standard, they are found to be positive for nucleic acid. "Fuyang" patients generally have no obvious clinical symptoms and are basically non-infectious; Secondary infection is equivalent to a new infection, which is reinfection after recovery. Generally speaking, there may be clinical symptoms, high nucleic acid load and infectivity.
5. What is the relationship between antibody level and secondary infection?
According to the article of Beijing CDC, many studies have shown that vaccination or immunization caused by natural infection can reduce the incidence of secondary infection. People with low immunity or low antibody levels are relatively more likely to have the risk of secondary infection. Therefore, this part of the population should also pay attention to strengthen personal protection, and timely vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine or strengthen immunization.
6. Is the recurrence of symptoms in a short time a secondary infection?
The article of Beijing CDC pointed out that the recurrence of symptoms within a short time after fever is not a secondary infection.
After the general population is infected with the virus, the immune system starts immediately, and the levels of cellular immunity and antibodies are rising. Generally, the antibody level reaches the peak after two weeks, and maintains a high level in a short time, which has a certain protective effect on the body. Before people recover from the infection of coronavirus, it is very unlikely that people will be infected with the same or different COVID-19 mutant again in a short time because the immune system is already playing a role.
7. Did you get worse after the second infection?
Beijing CDC pointed out that at present, there are few reports of serious diseases caused by repeated infections in COVID-19. The severity of illness after repeated infection may be related to virus infection dose, COVID-19 mutant and personal health status. But overall, the risk of repeated infections leading to serious diseases is very low. ②
8. Which groups of people are more prone to "secondary infection"?
Dong Li, chief physician of the Department of Infectious Diseases of Beijing You 'an Hospital, said in an interview with CCTV News on February 20th, 65438 that people with high probability of secondary infection:
The first category is people with low immune function. For example, the immune function of the elderly has deteriorated, so the protective effect lasts for a short time after the patient recovers from infection. There are also babies under three years old whose immune function is not perfect, so the protection time after rehabilitation may be shorter.
The second category is people with immune deficiency. For example, AIDS patients and immunosuppressant users have a short protection period, and with the passage of time, the risk of "secondary infection" is greater.
The third category is people in high-risk positions. Such as medical staff, bus operation and maintenance personnel, etc. Usually contact with people is more, and the risk of infection is higher, so you need to pay more attention.
9. Under what circumstances is secondary infection prone to occur?
On February 20th, 65438, Guo Wei, deputy director of the Department of Infectious Diseases of tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Hubei Huazhong University of Science and Technology, was a guest in the live broadcast room of Changjiang Daily. He said that it had been a long time since the last infection, and the possibility of "Yang Kang" being infected again after half a year was still very high. At the same time, without protection, there is also the possibility of secondary infection. ④
10, how to prevent secondary infection after rehabilitation?
Dr. Guo Wei suggested that everyone wear masks scientifically and effectively, strengthen hand hygiene and keep social distance. In addition, a dose of vaccine will be given after half a year of rehabilitation to strengthen immunity.