Tang dynasty (790 ~ 8 16)
The following is his poem /view/7079.htm#5.
Athena Chu: I love you.
The word is long and auspicious. No Shi Gui. Originally from Longxi, he was born in Changgu, Fuchang (now Yiyang, Henan), and later called Lichanggu. The imperial clan of the Tang Dynasty is descended from Li Liang, the king of Zheng, but his family has declined. Outstanding talent as a teenager, a minor celebrity in Beijing. The father's name is Jin Su, and he is not allowed to be promoted to the first place because he avoids his father's taboo. He was depressed and ill all his life. He only served as Li Lang for three years. He died at the age of 27, and later he was called Shi Gui. Li He took poetry as his career all his life, and his poems can be divided into four categories. (1) satirizes dark politics and bad social phenomena. Some of these poems express current affairs directly, while others satirize the present with ancient words. Representative works include Wild Goose Gate Taishouxing and Old Lady Picking Jade Songs. Among these poems, there are few five ancient poems and seven ancient poems, and most of them are Yuefu poems. Or borrow old questions, or innovative questions, mostly concise and gorgeous. Some words have vague meanings, such as The Golden Boy Ren Xian Ci Han Ge. Two people are angry and lyrical. This kind of poems not only have personal frustration, depression with illness, fleeting time and short life, but also have the grievance of "no one will ever know" and the lofty aspirations of "there is no hero in the world" and "gathering 50 States in Guanshan". (3) the theme of immortals and ghosts. The twists and turns of this kind of poetry show his disgust and denial of reality. Later generations called him a genius. (4) other themes such as chanting things. This kind of poems generally shows the breadth of Li He's poems and the depth of his thoughts. Li Heshi's imagination is rich and peculiar, profound and fantastic, with refined sentences, magnificent colors and romantic atmosphere. But there are a few poems that are easier to understand. He is good at short stories, such as Ballad in the Sky, Dream in the Sky, Song of Di Zi and Princess Xiang. These are his representative works, and they are called "long matrix". He wrote many ancient poems and Yuefu, but few, and there were no seven laws. His poems draw lessons from the style of Qi Liang Gong Ti poems, and are also contaminated with some unhealthy things. Because of too much emphasis on carving, some poems are often obscure in meaning and piled up in words. Li He once edited his anthology. There is an annotated collection of Li He's poems. I have read Li Shangyin's Biographies of Li He, Biographies of Old and New Tang Books, Xuanshizhi, You Xian Xuan He and Yan Yan in my life.
Ma Shi expresses talent, ambition, feelings and resentment by praising or lamenting the fate of horses, and its expression method belongs to figurative style. However, this poem has unique significance in the use of metaphor. Li He wrote twenty-three horse poems.
[Edit this paragraph] Poetry
( 1)
The fur pattern of the dragon horse is like a copper coin, and the white hoof gallops like stepping on a cloud.
But no one weaves a splendid picture, and who will cast a Jin Lu for it.
(2)
In winter, grass roots are sweet, and on the way to Beijing, snow is like salt.
I don't know whether my mouth is hard or soft, whether to touch the tribulus or to eat it.
(3)
I suddenly remembered Zhou Muwang, the son of the emperor, and drove on the Yushan Mountain.
Leave the amusement park with Zou, and Hongji can gallop to the horizon.
(4)
This horse is extraordinary, and the house star is the star.
Tap the fine bone forward, and it will bring its own copper sound.
(5)
The desert sand is like snow, and the Yanshan moon is like a hook.
Don't be a golden brain, go and step on the clear autumn.
(6)
Hungry bones stop teeth, coarse hair wears flowers.
The beads faded, the hair was broken and the saw grew numb.
(7)
Ximu Liquor will stop, and East Wang Mi has dried up.
If the king swallows it, who will drag the shaft?
㈧
That horse, red, is useless, but Lu Bu can ride it.
I heard that Xiao Guo Frog, a beautiful boy, can be controlled.
㈨
Urging the bill to cross the Wujiang River [1] makes the immortal cry.
King [2] Where do you chase heroes today?
( 10)
The horse was given to the imperial secretary, and the silver shovel stabbed Kirin.
At noon, salt sat on the table and rubbed the dust.
(Eleventh)
At the beginning of bamboo approval, peach blossoms were not on the upper body.
He must stir the array and use it to show the general.
(12)
The Baojun family is famous for its chivalrous character.
Heap gold to buy your bones and send them to King Xiang of Chu.
(13)
Sweet and fragrant, the dragon frowned.
Looking back at strangers in the south, who can't meet spring?
(14)
How can you be at a loss if you don't hunt from Huan Gong?
Once out of the ditch, look at the clouds.
(15th session)
Tang Jian beheaded Sui Gong, and Mao returned to Taizong.
Don't be too heavy, catch the wind.
(16)
White iron files green particles, and fine sand falls between the anvil.
The world pity the thin neck, but gold fears the long teeth.
(XVII)
Bole came up and saw that this is a swift horse, and its hair grows on its abdomen!
Now it is paying for its forage at the dock. When can it take off and cross the castle peak?
(18)
Xiao Si packs horses, Yuan Congzhu comes.
There are good things in the air, so I can't read the chapter.
(XIX)
The encirclement is like a swallow's tail, and the sword is like a fish intestine.
If you want to travel thousands of miles, you should first look out for the light.
(20th)
Temporary horse, fairy in the color building.
What happened to Gaozhou?
(21)
When I arrived at the Wangs, I woke up Heluan.
When you gallop on the sea, you are regarded as a green mule.
(22)
Emperor Wu loves immortals and burns gold to get purple smoke.
The stables are full of meat horses and don't understand the sky.
[Edit this paragraph] Note
[1] Wujiang River: one works as a river east.
[2] Wang: First, be my king.
[3] Change "volume" to "wool".
This horse is extraordinary, and the house star is the star.
Tap the fine bone forward, and it will bring its own copper sound.
[4] Yanshan: The name of the mountain is in the northern part of Hebei Province.
[5] Hook: Machete, an ancient weapon, shaped like a crescent moon.
[6] Jin Luo nao: The bridle decorated with gold shows the luxury of the harness.
The fifth of Shige Ma
Precautions:
This poem seems to be about horses, but it is actually a lyric of Malays: when can I put on a luxurious halter and run fast on a crisp autumn day? Obviously, this is the poet's sigh, because he is eager to make contributions to the country, but he is not appreciated.
This poem about horses is of good quality, but not good. It is an elegant way to describe people and themselves by imitating things.
The first sentence comes straight to the point, telling the truth, affirming and emphasizing that the poem shows an exceptionally good horse. The sentence is straight, and there is really not much poetry.
The second sentence "Fang Xing is a star" seems to repeat the meaning of the first sentence at first glance. "Fangxing" refers to a horse, which means that Fangxing is the star in the sky, which means that this horse is not a vulgar thing. If the meaning of this sentence is limited to this, it is almost exactly the same as the first sentence, then it is a mistake to repeat it. There are only four sentences in the poem. If the first sentence is plain and the second sentence is repeated, then half of the poem is plain and worthless. However, if you chew it carefully, you will find that the second sentence is unique, only deliberately obscure and tortuous. Jin Shu? There is such a passage in Tian: "The four stars in the room, also known as Tianma, are the main drivers. If the room is bright, so will the king. It directly links "Gongxing" with "Wang", that is to say, the situation of horses is closely related to the brightness of the king and the chaos of the country. Since the quality of the horse is good or bad, it goes without saying that the king is nameless and ignores political affairs. This is a kind of "infiltration method", which extends through twists and turns, so that its practical meaning far exceeds the literal meaning.
Write three or four sentences about the shape and quality of horses. If the first two sentences are mainly based on judgment and reasoning, lacking vivid images, then the last two sentences are just the opposite, vivid and expressive, and express their ideas completely with images and expressions. Li He writes poems and is good at capturing images. These two sentences are outstanding examples. The "skinny" figure illustrates the situation of the horse; "Copper tone" embodies the quality of horses. The horse is as thin as a bone, and it is obviously not in good condition. In the eyes of ordinary people, it is just a tired ordinary horse. Only those who really love horses and are good at watching them will not regard them as ordinary horses. "Fine bones before knocking, the children of Judah bring their own copper sound. Although the situation is not good and it has been tossed, there is still a copper sound. The word "copper tone" is rich and dignified, with a three-dimensional sense. It also contains many meanings: the music of copper shows the Excellence of musical instruments, vividly shows the strength and excellent quality of horses, and makes the inner things appear as audible, visible, sensible and knowable objects. " Quality "is abstract, and" sound "is elusive. Everything is "empty". It's really not easy to write empty words. We should turn them into reality. The poet only used five words to do it, and the visualization technique can be said to have reached the level of perfection. What is particularly commendable is that poetry creates a profound artistic conception of the relationship between things and me through the description of horses. The poet's talent is unsatisfied and his situation is bleak, just like this thin horse. When he writes about horses, he just expresses his pent-up resentment gracefully. (Zhu Shiying)
The desert sand is like snow, and the Yanshan moon is like a hook.
Don't be a golden brain, go and step on the clear autumn.
Ma Shi expresses talent, ambition, feelings and resentment by praising or lamenting the fate of horses, and its expression method belongs to figurative style. However, this poem has unique significance in the use of metaphor.
The first sentence and the second sentence show the unique frontier battlefield scenery. At first glance, it is the application of fu method: on the continuous Yanshan mountains, a bright moon is in the sky; Wan Li in Pingsha looks like a layer of white frost and snow in the moonlight. This ordinary person may only feel sad and cold battlefield scene, which has unusual attraction for those who are determined to serve the country. The Moon in Yanshan Mountain is Like a Hook, and Xiao Yue hangs a jade bow as a curtain (the sixth in Nanyuan). "Hook" is a machete, and both are weapons. It is associated with the image of weapons from the bright crescent moon, which means thinking about fighting. Zhenyuan, Yuanhe period, where the author lived, was a period when the buffer region was extremely domineering, and the Jimen area in Youzhou implied by "Yanshan Mountain" was the zone where the buffer region ravaged for the longest time and caused the most disasters, so the poems were quite realistic. Thinking about war is also targeted. Sha Xue's flat battlefield is chilly, but it is a place where heroes can play. So these two sentences are lyrical and tangible.
When can I put on a mighty saddle and gallop on the battlefield in the crisp autumn? "Ma Shi" says: "The dragon's back is tied with iron, and the silver hoof is covered with smoke. No one tapestry, who is the golden whip? " The lament of "no one has brocade" and "what should I do" To express the same meaning is to hope that a good horse can be used as a good horse. "Golden brain", "brocade" and "golden whip" all belong to precious saddles, symbolizing the importance of horses. Obviously, this is a cry that the author is eager to make achievements but is not appreciated.
This poem and "South Garden (Why Men Don't Take Wu Gou)" are the same desire to join the army, pacify the provinces and make contributions to the country. But South Garden is a direct expression of the soul, and this poem belongs to allegorical or figurative style. It is more exciting to express one's mind directly; And with contrast, you will feel elegant and intriguing. In one or two sentences of the poem, it is also a comparison to use snow as a metaphor for sand and hook as a metaphor for the moon; It is also fun to write from a characteristic scenery and lead to lyricism. In a short span of twenty crosses, we can see the interest in comparison, and there is a ratio in interest, which greatly enriches the expressive force of poetry. Syntactically, the last two sentences are completed in one go, starting with the question "What should I do", which strongly conveys infinite expectations and has a sigh; The word "Step in the Clear Autumn" is full of vigor and novel collocation. It is covered with "clear autumn" grass and yellow horse fertilizer, and it is only driven by the word "go quickly". The image implies the graceful charm of the horse, which is just right: "Nothing wants and nothing wants, it is really worth life and death." Xiao Teng has this kind of behavior, and ten thousand run amok "(Du Fu's Fang Bing Cao Huma). Therefore, the practice of choosing words and making sentences is also a successful factor that cannot be ignored in the artistic expression of this poem. (Zhou Xiaotian)
Emperor Wu loves immortals and burns gold to get purple smoke.
The stables are full of meat horses and don't understand the sky.
This is an intriguing satire. The poet describes the present with the past and expresses serious and profound themes with humorous and spicy pen and ink.
The first two sentences are about Emperor Wu seeking immortality through alchemy. Emperor Wu wanted to live forever, so he ordered an alchemist to make alchemy sand into gold, which cost a lot. What was the result? I only see a wisp of purple smoke. The word "de" seems ordinary, but it carries a lot of weight. It mercilessly lashed and satirized the absurd act of seeking immortality through alchemy, and won the wonderful praise and criticism of One Word.
The last two sentences are about horses, which follow the poem closely. "The stables are full of meat horses and don't understand the sky." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, eager to ascend to heaven and become immortal, didn't raise a heavenly horse that could "blow clouds" and "catch the wind", but let useless "meat horses" flood the stables. It is very accurate to describe the mediocrity and inferiority of horses with "meat horses". Because it is a "royal horse", the food and shelter conditions are superior, and every horse is fattened and heavy. Such a horse has difficulty running on the ground, how can it ride to the sky! These two sentences have profound implications, which not only imply that Emperor Wudi's dream of seeking heaven and day was shattered immediately, but also imply that talented and knowledgeable people were abandoned at that time, while mediocre and incompetent people were promoted one by one and stole high positions to serve as the court. I want to ask: how can we rely on these people to make the country rich and strong and realize the political ideal of Qingming? This poem satirizes the superstition and fatuity of the supreme ruler at that time, which is rare in Li He's works. (Zhu Shiying)
Twenty-three horse poems (No.23)
Li he
Emperor Wu loves immortals and burns gold to get purple smoke.
The stables are full of meat horses and don't understand the sky.
This is an intriguing satire. The poet describes the present with the past and expresses serious and profound themes with humorous and spicy pen and ink.
The first two sentences are about Emperor Wu seeking immortality through alchemy. Emperor Wu wanted to live forever, so he ordered an alchemist to make alchemy sand into gold, which cost a lot. What was the result? I only see a wisp of purple smoke. The word "de" seems ordinary, but it carries a lot of weight. It mercilessly lashed and satirized the absurd behavior of seeking immortality through alchemy, and won the wonderful praise and criticism of One Word.
The last two sentences are about horses, which follow the poem closely. "The stables are full of meat horses, and heaven forbid." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who was eager to ascend to heaven and become immortal, did not raise a heavenly horse that could "fly clouds" and "catch the wind", but let useless "meat horses" flood the stables. It is very accurate to describe horses as mediocre and inferior with "meat horses". Because it is a "royal horse", it has excellent food and shelter conditions and is fed fat and heavy. Such a horse has difficulty running on the ground, how can it ride to the sky! These two sentences have profound implications, which not only imply that Emperor Wudi's dream of seeking heaven and day was shattered immediately, but also imply that talented and knowledgeable people were abandoned at that time, while mediocre and incompetent people were promoted one by one and stole high positions to serve as the court. I want to ask: how can we rely on these people to make the country rich and strong and realize the political ideal of Qingming? This poem satirizes the superstition and fatuity of the supreme ruler at that time, which is rare in Li He's works, because he used inhumanity, hidden in the wind and rich in connotation, which made him "laugh" and made people relaxed and refreshed.
This horse is extraordinary, and the house star is the star. Tap the fine bone forward, and it will bring its own copper sound.
There are 23 poems by Li He, most of which have different meanings. This is the fourth song about the extraordinary horse bones. Gongxing: One of the 28 stars. "Ruiying Map": "Ma is the essence of the house star." The ancients believed that extraordinary people or things in the world belonged to the stars. Bronze tone: Zhang Heng's ode to Tokyo: "Ma Tian and a Half Han". Note: "Tianma, bronze horse." This poem is about the extraordinary horse, but it has not been treated well, so it is skinny, but it is not weak and difficult to beat. Tian Wenzhi, Book of Jin: "Fang Yixing, also known as Yi Tian, is a heavenly horse and drives the main car. Shi Ming is Wang Ming. " Li He's poem is obviously a metaphor for people: extraordinary talents have never met a wise Lord. If a good horse is not used, it will be dangerous. "Knock thin bones forward, still bring your own copper sound", vigorous and dignified, extraordinary strength, strong and distinct texture, is a superb pen with virtual realism.
Fifth.
The desert is like snow, and the Yanshan moon is like a hook (1). When the golden brain (2), to step on clear autumn.
1. Yanshan: This refers to Yanran, which is the hometown of good horses in the northwest. Desert and Yanshan Mountain are the hometown of horses.
2. When: When can I?
3. Luo Jin Brain: The head of Golden Horse. Shang Mo, the ancient Yuefu, sang: "The golden wind is the horse's head."
This article writes that a good horse is famous for its vast border, so it can go forward bravely and only know its name. The word "he dang" expresses hope. In the era when Li He lived, there were frequent wars in the buffer regions. The author uses a famous horse as an analogy, saying that although he is born with talent, he also has a place to use, but he still needs to cherish his talent. This is the basic intention of Li Hema's poems. In his short life, Li He has always cherished the heart of making contributions. To this end, he even preferred to join the army. But this ideal is difficult to realize, so there is always an atmosphere of grief and indignation in his poems.