The development of the network can not be separated from the government, and the modern government can not be separated from the network.
In recent years, one of the most concerned topics is undoubtedly "government online". After 1997 enterprises and 1998 media went online in China, 1999 was the year when the government went online.
The essence of government surfing the Internet is to establish an e-government on the Internet. E-government refers to an electronic virtual organization established by using communication technology to break the organizational boundaries of administrative organs. Through this institution, a bridge has been built between government agencies, between the government and all walks of life, and between the public, so that they can communicate anytime and anywhere and get information and services conveniently.
There are two main reasons why the government must surf the Internet: On the one hand, the government is the biggest user of electronic information technology. Government, enterprises and families are the three main bodies of economic behavior, and informatization should start from government informatization. Government informatization is the forerunner, enterprise informatization is the foundation and family informatization is the direction. On the other hand, the government is the biggest owner of information resources. The government has the most information resources and should take the lead in the development and utilization of information resources. Not only the government needs information exchange, but also the public needs to know the government information in time.
Internet access by the government is an important event that benefits the whole society.
The government itself is the beneficiary. In addition to quickly collecting, storing and processing information to serve various decisions, the most practical benefit of e-government is to break the complexity of document transmission between governments at all levels, make full use of the advantages of the network, and transmit information between the upper and lower levels of the government by the fastest electronic means. By using the internet, the government can let the public know about the composition, functions and procedures of government agencies, understand various policies and regulations, facilitate communication between the government and the public, provide another communication medium between the government and the public, and increase the transparency of government office. Through this two-way communication, the government's work has been understood and supported by the public, and the relationship between the national government and the general public has been strengthened.
In international relations, we should publicize our government's ideas through government websites in time, introduce our country's situation, establish a good international image, and create a good international environment for our social and economic development.
The government's online access is conducive to the construction of diligent and clean government, and is conducive to accepting and strengthening the supervision of the whole society. After surfing the internet, on the one hand, the government has given the public more sense of participation and enhanced the affinity between the government and the public; On the other hand, listen to people's opinions, accept people's supervision, and reduce black-box operation and corruption in the decision-making process.
Government Internet access can also help solve the timeliness problem of government office, reduce management costs and improve work efficiency. However, due to the use of internet technology, the government's online projects themselves have relatively little investment.
The information industry is the biggest beneficiary of the government's online access. The government's access to the Internet is bound to play a leading role, leading to a sharp increase in online information and the number of people accessing the Internet. The government's access to the Internet will activate the current struggling e-commerce and make the information industry a new investment hotspot, and related hardware manufacturing, software development and network service enterprises will benefit from it. According to conservative estimates, China government needs to build at least 2000 websites to get online. Building a website for people to log in and browse, the construction cost is about 200 thousand, and the annual operating cost is about 20 thousand. The project can bring 1000 billion yuan of investment, with an annual expenditure of 40 million yuan. This is only nine Niu Yi cents, because the function of government websites is far more than just browsing.
The government goes online, and ordinary enterprises and people also benefit. Enterprises get more and more valuable information; It is more convenient for ordinary people to deal with government departments without going out.
The application of e-government has many aspects. Here are a few examples:
Government information service. Governments at all levels have websites on the Internet, where the public can inquire about the organizational structure, policies and regulations and the the State Council Announcement, which is equivalent to the "window" of the government. On the one hand, it provides information services for the people, on the other hand, it strengthens communication with the people.
Government e-commerce. Specifically, it is the government's electronic procurement bidding, and the government departments and suppliers are electronically connected to purchase, which makes it easier to pay for processing operations.
Electronic official documents. Government office automation, computerization of document production management, and document writing through the network.
Electronic authentication. A smart card is used to collect personal medical information, personal ID card, work status, personal credit, personal experience, income and tax payment, provident fund and pension insurance, real estate information, fingerprints and other identity information, and realize various convenience service procedures of government departments through the network.
In a word, the ultimate goal of e-government is for the government to organize and integrate business such as industry and commerce, taxation, postal services, transportation, medical care, education, customs, banking and so on, and provide electronic services and e-commerce services to the public through the network.
As the first country of computer network, the United States is also far ahead in the process of government access to the Internet. The American government website has been established quite maturely. Federal government agencies and state governments have gone online, and almost all counties and cities have established their own websites. The content of government websites is very rich, and there are many kinds of information and data. Taking the census website as an example, users can view extremely detailed statistical data at the state level or even at the county level through online intuitive maps, including the local population, gender composition, occupation composition, age structure, education level and other related information.
The most famous government website is the White House website. It is a symbol of the government's access to the Internet and the central site of all government websites in the United States. This website has a complete list of US federal government websites, and you can query all the official US government resources that have been online. The content of the White House website includes the latest government news, various statistics and government services. , as well as the relaxed family introduction of the president and vice president. There are many links in the column of government services. Open the service list, you can see dozens of columns such as social welfare, medical care, tourism, science and technology, and each column has detailed contents. On the one hand, these government websites publish government information in time, such as presidential speeches, press conferences, administrative orders, national budget summaries, etc. On the other hand, e-mail makes it easier for the public to communicate with the White House. The public can convey their personal opinions to the President, members of Congress and governments at all levels anytime and anywhere through the Internet, and have more opportunities to participate in community, national and global affairs.
The French government began to build an "e-government" from 1997. At present, there are more than 60 websites of government agencies in France. The government departments that have been networked include education, telecommunications, environment and other departments. The more famous scenic spots are the Elysee Palace and the Prime Minister's residence. Ordinary people can contact the president directly by email. Premier's website includes cabinet members, annual work, etc.
At the end of 1996, the British government launched the "e-government" plan, and the public can use the latest information technology to obtain government services. "E-government" makes full use of new electronic technologies such as the Internet to provide convenience for the public to pay taxes, apply for various licenses, consult policies and obtain various information.
The German Federal Parliament has also set up a home page on the Internet to release important information to the public, such as financial and tax decisions, agendas of plenary meetings and committees, and elections. In the column of "Members", you can also see the occupation, financial income and expenditure and personal resume of each member. Nowadays, most state legislatures, governments and non-governmental organizations in Germany have set up their own columns online, and some well-known politicians have even set up their own "cyberspace" online.
The Singapore government website is like a government white paper, which fully represents the government. The central website accepts users' feedback information and has relatively perfect online service functions, including government departments, government announcements, event focus, government online services, government service list, website search, user feedback and so on. The contents of various government websites generally include their own function introduction, service introduction, related latest trends, FAQs and so on.
At present, all six working languages of the United Nations have their own web pages, including Chinese pages, which comprehensively introduce the organization, work and major events of the United Nations around the world, and become a veritable "online government".
In March, 1998, the Chongqing municipal government office set up the mayor's e-mail address online. This not only means that there is a hotline connection between Chongqing citizens and Chongqing mayor, but more importantly, it has inadvertently become a prelude to the domestic government's online project. After Chongqing opened the mayor's mailbox, Qingdao, Nanjing, Haikou and other places also opened the mayor's mailbox one after another, realizing the online dialogue between the mayor and the citizens.
1999,65438+10, 2 1 morning, China Telecom and the Economic Information Center of the State Economic and Trade Commission jointly launched the "Government Internet Project" initiated by more than 40 ministries, departments and bureaus, and the main site of the "Government Internet Project" www.bov.cninfo.net and the guidance site www.gov.cn were officially opened. At this point, China's "e-government" construction has moved from planning to full implementation, and governments at all levels in China have successively embarked on the road of networking.
Thanks to the government's Internet access project, China government has made great progress recently, and more than 60% ministries and provincial governments will access the Internet from 65438 to 0999. At present, more than 800 state-level government departments have applied for domain names, of which more than 200 have been put into operation. In addition to the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the General Administration of Customs, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Information Industry, the State Economic and Trade Commission and the Ministry of Agriculture, local governments have also appeared on the Internet. Among them, two-thirds of government agencies at all levels in Shanghai have been online. These websites have greatly improved in content and form. For example, the website of Nanjing Municipal People's Government (www.nanjing.gov.cn) contains government announcements, investment guides, market information, talent information, citizens' mailboxes, e-commerce, etc., which is convenient for relevant parties to obtain information, citizens to understand the government, and participate in the discussion of state affairs. At the same time, on this website, citizens can also check the websites of municipal public utilities bureau, price bureau, personnel bureau, organization department and other municipal institutions, which provides convenience for all institutions to consciously accept supervision by the masses.
China government's Internet access project will have a far-reaching impact on people's lives in China in the 265,438+0 century.