1, control variable method: In physics, the method of controlling factors (variables) is often used to transform multi-factor problems into multiple single-factor problems. Only one factor is changed at a time, and the other factors remain unchanged, so as to study the influence of this changed factor on things, study it separately, and finally solve it comprehensively.
2. Equivalence: Equivalence is a common scientific thinking method. The so-called "equivalent method" is to transform unfamiliar, complex and difficult problems into familiar and easy-to-handle methods on the premise of ensuring the same effect in a certain sense.
3. Model method refers to the method of revealing the shape, characteristics and essence of prototype through model, which is generally used in physical experiments.
4. Analogy: Analogy is a forecasting method that compares and analyzes the predicted target things according to the principle that the development laws of similar things or similar things are consistent, so as to infer the future development trend and possible level of the predicted target things.
Research methods:
The method and scientific attitude of physics: putting forward a proposition → theoretical explanation → theoretical prediction → experimental verification → theoretical correction.
Modern physics is a precise science combining theory with experiment, and its production process is as follows:
1, physical propositions are generally extracted from new observed facts or experimental facts, or derived from existing principles;
2. First, try to explain propositions, logical reasoning and mathematical calculus with known theories. If the existing theory cannot be perfectly explained, it is necessary to modify the original model or put forward a brand-new theoretical model;
3. The new theoretical model must make predictions, which can be confirmed by experiments;
All physical theories are ultimately based on observation or experimental facts. When a theory is inconsistent with the experimental facts, it will be revised or overturned.