Seven hypotheses of menorrhagia
Carefully, you pay close attention to your menstrual cycle, but have you ever paid attention to the flow of menstrual blood? If regular menstruation suddenly becomes a flooded ocean, it often means that there is some kind of health failure. ...
First of all, we need to figure out a question-how much menstruation is enough? Doctors believe that normal menstrual bleeding should be 20 ~ 60 ml, and more than 80 ml is menorrhagia. Based on the consumption of sanitary napkins, it is estimated that the normal consumption is changed four or five times a day on average, and each cycle does not exceed two packs (each pack 10 tablets). If three packs of sanitary napkins are not enough, and almost every sanitary napkin is soaked, it belongs to menorrhagia. Women of different ages and physiological stages have different reasons for menorrhagia. Taking women aged 25 to 40 as an example, the abnormal increase in vaginal bleeding is mainly related to the following seven factors-
Hypothesis 1: Improper contraceptive methods
Related terms: contraception, drugs and subcutaneous injection of intrauterine devices.
Sometimes, abnormal vaginal bleeding is related to the contraceptive method you use. The most common "trouble" is intrauterine device. In China, this is the most commonly used contraceptive method for women after delivery, and the most prominent problems it brings are shortened menstrual cycle, prolonged menstrual period, significantly increased menstrual volume and post-menstrual bleeding. In particular, the new generation of active intrauterine devices containing copper ions not only improve the contraceptive effect, but also increase menstrual bleeding. In addition, short-acting oral contraceptives can usually make your menstruation regular, reduce menstruation and relieve dysmenorrhea. However, the wrong way of taking it will also cause hormone regulation disorder, leading to abnormal increase of menstruation. For example, if you don't take it according to the prescription information, you will miss or take it by mistake, which will lead to the disorder of reproductive hormone level in the body, affect the development of endometrium and cause abnormal bleeding. There are also women who use long-acting injections or subcutaneous implants for contraception. The most common experience is not a large amount of vaginal bleeding, but a continuous, drip-like bleeding, and sometimes the amount of bleeding will accumulate to a great extent because of the extension of time. This situation is mostly due to the imbalance of external reproductive hormones in your body.
Countermeasures: The solutions to menorrhagia after IUD placement are: taking oral drugs instead of other contraceptive methods, or changing to an IUD containing progesterone, which can reduce menstrual flow. Although oral contraceptives are easy to buy in ordinary pharmacies, you should know that they are all prescription drugs. If you want to take this contraceptive method, it is not enough to read the prescription information of drugs in detail. Before buying, you must consult a professional doctor to learn more about its indications and contraindications, the correct way to take it, and the remedial measures in case of missing the medicine. Although you have been told that you have a similar situation when choosing long-acting injection or subcutaneous implantation for contraception, if it doesn't get better gradually or get worse with time, you should return to the doctor in time to let the doctor re-evaluate whether you are suitable for this contraceptive method.
Hypothesis 2: Infection
Related terms: pelvic inflammatory disease, vaginitis
Inflammation of reproductive organs is another common cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding. As we all know, female reproductive organs are not completely closed, and its semi-open passage with the outside world gives it the opportunity to be invaded by various pathogenic factors from outside. When you are in anxiety, tension, fatigue, etc. , reducing your defense function, various pathogenic factors may take advantage of it, leading to the occurrence of the above-mentioned various inflammations, making local blood vessels fragile and menstrual bleeding difficult to stop, often leading to increased menstrual flow and prolonged menstruation. If your overall condition is not good recently, excessive vaginal bleeding accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen or waist, increased leucorrhea, abnormal color or smell, fever, frequent urination and pain, you should consider the occurrence of reproductive organ infection.
Countermeasures: The panacea for all kinds of infections is to have a full rest, drink plenty of water and eat lightly, so that such mild infections can improve themselves; Otherwise, you need to see a doctor in time and choose effective antibiotics for treatment.
Hypothesis 3: Abortion or abnormal pregnancy
Related terms: incomplete abortion, ectopic pregnancy, hydatidiform mole
Abnormal vaginal bleeding in mature women is sometimes related to pregnancy complications. If your menstruation is usually punctual, but you are more than a week or ten days late for no reason, it will be like running water, and more blood clots or tissues will flow out and the time will be longer than usual. Well, it's probably a miscarriage. Similar incidents mostly occur after induced abortion (whether it is surgical abortion or drug abortion), especially after drug abortion, and there is a 5% ~ 10% chance of abortion failure or incomplete abortion. In addition, if accompanied by increased vaginal bleeding, palpitation, dizziness, cold sweat, abdominal pain or even syncope, it may be a sign of ectopic pregnancy.
Countermeasures: The simplest self-test method is pregnancy test: you can have a general estimate of the situation through the morning urine test. However, this method is not completely reliable. Sometimes, before abortion, hormone levels have dropped and negative results appear. If your vaginal bleeding increases too much or too fast in a short time, or the bleeding time is too long, or other uncomfortable symptoms appear at the same time, you should contact your doctor immediately.
Hypothesis 4: Endometriosis
Related terms: ovarian endometriosis and adenomyosis. Simply put, endometriosis is the tissue that should have grown in the inner layer of the uterine wall and appeared in other places. These "ectopic" endometrium interfere with various normal functions of reproductive organs, and are often accompanied by various menstrual disorders-prolonged menstrual period, menorrhagia, premenstrual drip bleeding, secondary dysmenorrhea and so on. If your menstrual flow is gradually increasing and accompanied by more and more serious dysmenorrhea; If you feel serious discomfort or even pain when making out with your lover; If you find yourself in the middle of the year, your efforts to get pregnant have repeatedly failed ... please note that you may already have endometriosis.
Countermeasures: First, make clear the problems of diagnosis. Although experienced gynecologists can find some typical manifestations of endometriosis through simple pelvic examination or ultrasound scanning, laparoscopic examination is needed to make a definite diagnosis. The corresponding treatment includes oral hormone-regulating drugs or surgery. If you happen to have a birth plan, mild patients can also alleviate the development of the disease through pregnancy and childbirth.
Hypothesis 5: Tumor
Related terms: hysteromyoma, endometrial polyp, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer.
The most common genital tumor in women of childbearing age is hysteromyoma. The incidence of uterine fibroids is very high, reaching 20% ~ 25%, but please don't be afraid, because 99. 5% of them are benign. Only intermuscular and submucosal hysteromyoma are the main causes of menorrhagia. Endometrial polyp is actually a chronic inflammatory disease. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer is getting higher and higher, and there is a trend of gradual rejuvenation. The initial symptom of cervical cancer is bleeding after sexual intercourse, especially before and after menstruation, and sometimes it may even cause fatal bleeding. If you have progressive menorrhagia or other menstrual abnormalities, such as shortened menstrual cycle, prolonged menstrual period, irregular bleeding, or bleeding after sexual intercourse, please consult a gynecologist in time.
Countermeasures: The standard gynecological examination once a year, including pelvic examination, cervical smear and pelvic ultrasound scanning, and laparoscopic or hysteroscopy if necessary, can help you find and treat the above abnormalities at an early stage.
Hypothesis 6: Blood diseases
Related links: thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, leukemia, aplastic anemia
Menstruation may not be a problem of reproductive organs themselves, but a symptom of blood diseases. Because menstruation, like other human bleeding phenomena, is regulated by its own blood coagulation system. If the coagulation system is abnormal, such as hemophilia patients born with a certain coagulation factor, blood is not easy to coagulate, resulting in large menstrual flow and long bleeding time. And menorrhagia is sometimes the only manifestation of female hemophilia patients! Other common blood diseases, such as thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia, aplastic anemia, etc. It is also easy to involve the coagulation system to increase menstrual flow. If you are prone to various infections, you often have a fever (especially a high fever). In addition to the frequent increase in menstrual flow, there are also skin ecchymosis, nosebleeds, gingival bleeding, etc ... These abnormal bleeding are more likely to be a problem of the coagulation system-that is, blood diseases.
Countermeasures: Especially for young women, if they face the problem of menorrhagia for a long time and can't find any reason after examination by obstetricians and gynecologists, then you should consider receiving detailed blood tests to see if you have blood diseases.
Hypothesis 7: Abnormal function
Related terms: anovulatory menstruation, breakthrough bleeding during ovulation, corpus luteum insufficiency, endometrial exfoliation insufficiency.
If none of the above is your problem, it's time to consider whether there is a possibility of dysfunction. This is the case with endocrine disorders that many people often mention. But everyone's situation will be different. For example, professional doctors can identify which hormone level is unbalanced and its possible reasons according to your different menstrual period, basal body temperature measurement, determination of reproductive hormones in blood, diagnostic curettage, ultrasonic scanning, nuclear magnetic resonance and other auxiliary examination methods, and then carry out targeted treatment. If symptoms such as irregular menstruation, irregular menstruation, irregular menstruation and premenstrual drip bleeding often occur, and no other obvious reasons can be found, it is likely to be abnormal function.
Countermeasure: You often can't determine the reason of the above situation through your own judgment. It is suggested that the cause should be verified by an experienced doctor, and all other "organic" causes mentioned above should be ruled out before the diagnosis can be made.
Author: Chen (Beijing Medical Center) Source: Fashion and Health.
What effect does menorrhagia have on the body?
It is generally believed that (1) menstruation lasts for more than seven days; (2) The menstrual cycle is shorter than 2 1 day; (3) Irregular menstruation is defined as total blood loss exceeding 80ml.
Some women start to worry as soon as they get to menstruation, because the amount of menstruation is particularly large, not only worrying that too much menstrual blood will pollute their clothes, but also worrying that too much menstrual blood will make them weak. So what harm does a woman's menstrual flow do to her health?
For women with excessive menstrual flow, the menstrual flow can reach 4-5 times of the normal amount, and 30-60 sanitary napkins will be used in each physiological period. This kind of women often have obvious anemia because of excessive menstrual blood loss. Symptoms such as palpitation, general weakness, backache and leg pain, insomnia and dreaminess often occur during and after the physiological period, and it is also easy to catch a cold and fatigue at ordinary times. Women with these symptoms must see a doctor.
And some women have a lot of menstruation, but they don't reach that much. Use 30~40 sanitary napkins each time, which is 2~3 times of normal menstrual flow. Although it does not affect people's daily life, most people will also have mild anemia. It is necessary to strengthen diet conditioning and absorb foods with high iron content from food, such as animal foods such as meat, fish and liver.
Therefore, for women with menorrhagia, on the one hand, they should consult a doctor to find out the causes of menorrhagia and fundamentally cure functional bleeding. At the same time, we should also strengthen food conditioning and improve the nutritional status in the body.
Excessive menstrual flow in women
Or suffering from xenohemophilia.
This newspaper comprehensively reports that some women who have been troubled by menorrhagia for a long time may suffer from hemophilia, but many women know nothing about it. Chen Xinlong, director of the Hemophilia Medical Center of Singapore Central Hospital, told the reporter that foreign research data estimated that about 10% of women facing menorrhagia actually suffered from a little-known hemophilia called "pseudohemophilia".
Drugs can control menstrual flow.
Aisha (more than 50 years old) had menorrhagia for many years, and only after seeing a doctor did she know that it was a menstrual problem caused by pseudohemophilia. She said that since childhood, it has been very painful every month, because sanitary napkins have to be changed almost every half hour, which seriously affects daily life and causes anemia. She believes that many women, like her, choose to endure this problem silently. Only after seeing a doctor did she know that now that medicine is developed, female hemophiliacs can reduce menstrual flow through drug treatment.
Early treatment can save the uterus.
Dr. Chen said, "Young women, in particular, should consider doing a detailed blood test to see if they have pseudohemophilia if they can't find the cause and there are no pathogenic factors such as fibroma, polyps and endometriosis after examination by obstetricians and gynecologists. This can also avoid unnecessary hysterectomy. "
There is no cure for this disease for the time being.
Like other types of hemophilia, the symptoms of pseudohemophilia include bruising or joint swelling, postoperative bleeding (even simple tooth extraction), abnormal nosebleed or gingival bleeding. Dr. Chen said that this hemophilia is caused by sex chromosome inheritance. It is a hereditary disease, because of the lack of coagulation factors in blood, blood coagulation is particularly slow. If the number of coagulation factors is insufficient, the bleeding time may be prolonged.
Patients suffering from this hemophilia are generally not serious, and only a few will die from cerebral hemorrhage or massive gastric bleeding. Generally speaking, the more serious the patient's condition, the earlier the phenomenon of blood stasis and bleeding appears. Dr. Chen said that so far, this hemophilia is incurable and will last for life. However, by strengthening comprehensive nursing and preparing supplements containing coagulation factor deficiency, even severe bleeding can be controlled and lead a nearly normal life.