Incorrect walking posture, such as raising your chin too high, holding your hands in the wrong position or swinging too much intentionally, or choosing incorrect shoes and overweight backpack, may cause foot injuries. Shen Fuchou, a part-time attending physician in the Department of Rehabilitation of National Taiwan University Hospital and former director of the Department of Rehabilitation of Dongyuan General Hospital, pointed out that common injuries include plantar fasciitis, paronychia, Achilles tendon inflammation, synovial cyst of thumb, ankle sprain, and stress fracture.
Ankle sprain, redness, swelling and heat pain
Symptoms: In the acute stage, there will be obvious redness, swelling, heat and pain in the injured area. After correct and active treatment, it usually heals in a few weeks. Don't massage in the acute stage, rest moderately and avoid sequelae.
Reason: Ankle sprain is a common sports injury in clinic, but it does not necessarily happen only in sports. Sometimes walking too fast, there is a gap on the ground, or wearing inappropriate shoes such as high heels will cause ankle varus or sprain.
Treatment and treatment: at the first time of sprain, activities including walking should be stopped to avoid further ankle injury. If there are inevitable activities, it is necessary to fix them locally or use crutches to reduce the pain. If you continue to move painfully, it may cause persistent tissue damage and aggravate symptoms. In addition, ice compress is the most important step in the acute phase. 48 ~ 72 hours after injury, ice compress can reduce swelling and pain; After that, if the swelling and pain no longer persist, you can use hot compress to reduce the swelling, or you can add * * * to promote blood and lymph reflux. It is recommended to seek medical treatment correctly and actively, and there will be no serious sequelae.
Reminder: There is a formula "price" for ankle sprain in clinic: protection, rest, ice compress, oppression and elevation.
At the beginning of plantar fasciitis, the heel hurts.
Symptoms: Typical symptoms are heel pain 2 ~ 3 steps before walking. The pain point is on the inner side of the heel-ground contact surface. If you press it by hand, there will be obvious tenderness points. But after sitting down to rest, walking or standing for a period of time, the pain will be relieved, but if you get up after a long rest or stand or walk for a long time, the pain will be aggravated.
Reason: Plantar fascia is the part of the sole connecting calcaneus and phalanges, and it is also an important structure supporting the arch of the foot. When walking or running, the fan-shaped tissue will expand, providing partial torsion and elasticity, while absorbing the reaction force from the ground. But when overstretched or injured, it will produce inflammation and cause pain, which is called plantar fasciitis.
Treatment and treatment: The simplest way is to rest without walking or ice, or to make rehabilitation insoles for soles and calves. Clinically, it is also recommended to lose weight and take anti-inflammatory painkillers orally. More than 90% of patients can almost get better after the above conservative treatment, and surgery will be considered if it fails.
Tip: Avoid wearing inappropriate shoes, such as walking in slippers or wearing high heels for a long time.
Paronychia touches the affected area and the pain is unbearable.
Symptoms: At the initial stage of symptoms, most of them are redness, swelling and pain. You will feel pain if you touch it a little or put on your shoes. In severe cases, pus may flow and you can't touch it at all.
Causes: paronychia is mostly caused by improper nail pruning, or unclean cleaning and bacterial infection of the wound. Traumatic paronychia may also occur if it occurs in sports that often need to run or walk in a hurry, such as running or walking, or wearing shoes that are too narrow and too hard for a long time.
Treatment and management: Traumatic paronychia is usually treated with oral or local antibiotics combined with painkillers to improve discomfort. If there is too much granulation tissue, it will be relieved by cryotherapy or electric burn.
Small: It is generally suggested that to prevent paronychia, we should trim our toenails correctly and choose suitable shoes. If you have recurrent attacks, you should avoid wearing shoes that are too hard and too narrow in front of your feet. If you need to walk for a long time, choose comfortable walking shoes.
Achilles tendon inflammation and heel pain after strenuous exercise.
Symptoms: Achilles tendon inflammation is sometimes difficult to distinguish from ligament injury. Usually, the initial clinical symptom is heel pain after strenuous exercise. If neglected, it will affect the daily walking function, which may eventually lead to calcification or sudden rupture of tendons without warning. Many patients feel particularly painful when they get up and get out of bed in the morning or sit for a long time. The pain point is in the calcaneus or heels.
Reason: The attack of Achilles tendinitis is often acute, which usually occurs in the overuse or improper use of ankle joint, such as playing ball, jogging, aerobic dance or activities that need to be quiet.
Treatment and treatment: within 24 ~ 72 hours of injury, you can do ice compress every day to control swelling and numbness, and then you can use hot compress. It is suggested that the hot compress area should be above the calf, and the effect should be more than half of the calf, so that the calf muscles can be fully relaxed and local circulation can be increased, and the effect is better. If the pain persists, be sure to consult a doctor for diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation.
Tips: to prevent tendinitis, it is best to warm up before exercise, and you can do lunges to increase softness; Moreover, stretching is needed after exercise to avoid tendon contracture fatigue. In addition, soaking feet with warm water before going to bed can also improve the blood circulation of the feet, and more than half of the calves are better.
Synovial bursa of the big toe (hallux valgus) is painful and swollen around the big toe.
Symptoms: the periphery of the big toe is painful and swollen, and a thick synovial sac will appear near the periphery of the big toe, that is, a similar bone bulge will appear at the joint of the big toe, and the skin will become thicker, causing tingling on the inside of the big toe.
Reason: It is common in people who love to wear high heels or shoes that are too tight, or people who often walk a lot, and it is partly because they have flat feet or are immune to rheumatic diseases. If the achilles tendon is too tight, they will have hallux valgus because their big toes are prone to overexert.
Treatment and treatment: If eversion is not serious, you can usually change comfortable shoes (wide tops) to eliminate symptoms, or use some insoles and assistive devices to relieve them, but these only relieve pain and cannot be corrected. If the pain lasts for a long time and affects daily life and walking, it is necessary to consider surgical correction.
Ding Xiao: Choosing the right shoes is very important. It is suggested that the width of shoe last should be large enough to allow toes to stretch, but not too high. It is also necessary to reduce the number of empty shoes after wearing and avoid excessive stress on the big toe.
Pressure fracture leg bone pain
Symptoms: Pressure fracture, also known as fatigue fracture, is easily confused with other symptoms. Symptoms are generally repeated leg bone pain after running, which will not heal for a long time. In severe cases, the symptoms are unbearable severe pain and swelling. From the X-ray film, there are fine lines, and the fine lines and calluses in the pain area grow repeatedly.
Cause: As the name implies, stress fracture is excessive fatigue of bones due to excessive pressure or long activity time. Because the lower limbs have to bear the weight of the whole body, most of them occur in the lower limbs. If you walk or run for a long time, it will put pressure on the bones, especially the tibia and metatarsal of the forefoot.
Treatment and treatment: Pressure fracture is easy to be ignored because of its mild initial symptoms, or its severity is easy to be ignored. If the result of treatment is ignored, it may turn into displaced fracture, resulting in so-called hyperplastic nonunion, which will not only cause long-term pain, but also limit the ability to move. Plaster fixation is a necessary treatment. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce activities and prohibit running and jumping. As long as it is controlled, the fracture will heal naturally in 1 ~ 2 months, but it will take longer to fully recover.
Ding Ning Jr.: If you don't have exercise habits, walking or running suddenly for too long and too far, and without proper rest, it is easy to cause stress fractures. Therefore, proper rest is the best way to prevent stress fractures.
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