Step 1: TCT thin-layer liquid-based cytology detection;
First, the most advanced modern thin-layer liquid-based cytology (TCT) was used to observe the cervical cells under the microscope to see if there were any abnormalities in the cervical cells. Because cervical cancer first begins with the mutation of cervical cells.
Step 2: electronic colposcopy;
After TCT thin-layer liquid-based cytology, if cervical cells are abnormal, colposcopy is needed. It is of great value for early detection and diagnosis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions to observe the subtle changes in the surface layer of the prone area of cervical precancerous lesions under 40 times magnification of electronic colposcopy.
Step 3: Histopathological examination:
If colposcopy finds abnormality, biopsy should be performed under the guidance of special staining. Under the guidance of colposcopy, cervical lesions can be diagnosed by multi-point biopsy and histopathological examination respectively.
4. Advantages:
Through three-step examination, we can identify cervical lesions, find the early stage of cervical cancer and prevent it before it happens.
Note: The above three steps do not mean that patients will go through every stage. This is a step-by-step screening process. If no abnormality is found in the previous process, they will not enter the next screening stage, and only after the detection results in the previous step are abnormal will they enter the next step for further in-depth detection.
At the moment when modern people pay more and more attention to their own health, more and more units and individuals participate in regular health checkups. However, due to the lack of understanding of matters that should be paid attention to before physical examination, many people can't carry out one-stop physical examination smoothly because of improper preparation. To this end, we ask Geng Lili, director of the physical examination department of Beijing Modern Sunshine Health Examination Chain, to tell you what to prepare before the physical examination.
Q: Excuse me, Director Geng, what are your dietary requirements before physical examination?
A: Generally speaking, the diet should be light three to five days before the examination, and strenuous exercise should not be done within 24 hours before blood collection. Don't eat and drink the day before the physical examination, especially don't drink alcohol, and don't eat high-fat foods that are too greasy, too sweet and too salty, so as not to affect the examination results. It is generally necessary to fast after 8 pm. You need an empty stomach on the day of physical examination, and it is best to take blood after eating meat 12 hours.
Q: There are many tests such as blood drawing to take part in physical examination. What preparations should be made?
Answer: Blood collection and abdominal B-ultrasound should be performed on an empty stomach; Gynecological B-ultrasound and prostate B-ultrasound do not need to urinate. If there is no urine, you need to drink water until the bladder is full. Guests can prepare according to their own inspection items.
Q: After a blood test, sometimes there will be bleeding. What should I do?
Answer: After venous blood collection, press the needle puncture point with the other hand for about 5 minutes to prevent subcutaneous hemorrhage from forming subcutaneous blood stasis.
Q: Are there any requirements for clothing during the physical examination?
A: It is best to wear loose and casual clothes on the day of physical examination to facilitate various inspections; When doing X-ray and ECG examination, you should wear cotton underwear, not clothes and bras with metal buttons. Please remove the necklace, mobile phone, pen, key, magnetic card and other metal objects. So as not to affect the inspection results.
Q: What should women pay attention to in physical examination?
Answer: Urine should be emptied before gynecological examination, and it is not suitable for women to have gynecological examination and urine test during menstruation; Female candidates who are pregnant or plan to be pregnant within three months should inform the health examination service personnel first, and it is forbidden to do radiation examination; Women are forbidden to have sex 24-48 hours before cervical smear and TCT examination, and do not do vaginal irrigation or drug therapy suppository; Those who do uterus, appendix and bladder examination need to urinate until the bladder is completely filled (it is best not to urinate in the morning to shorten the waiting time for urination); Empty the bladder before gynecological examination; The far infrared examination of the breast is best selected within one week after the physiological period. Unmarried women should not have gynecological examination, and those with special needs need to sign relevant agreements (notices) before they can have corresponding examination.
Q: What should people with past medical history pay attention to during physical examination?
A: Patients with diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and other chronic diseases should explain their condition and the name of the drugs they take, and carry the drugs with them for later use. Diabetic patients should take the time to do a good job in pre-meal examination items and eat in time after examination to prevent various complications caused by hypoglycemia.
Physical examination is indispensable to ensure good health. I hope everyone can pay attention to physical examination and prevent problems before they happen.