Confucius said, "It's better to keep pace with the times, isn't it? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? "
Confucius said, "Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher."
Confucius said: "learning without thinking is useless;" It is dangerous to think without learning. "
Confucius said, "What do you know? Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing. "
Zi Gong asked, "Why did Confucius call it Wen?" Confucius said, "I am quick and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions. It is called' Wen'."
Confucius said, "It is not good for me to learn without being silent, to learn without being tired, and to teach without being tired!"
Confucius said, "For a threesome, there must be a teacher; Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. "
Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy."
The son was on the river and said, "The deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night."
Confucius said, "I don't eat every day and I don't sleep at night. It's no use thinking about it. It is better to learn. "
[translation]
Confucius said, "isn't it a pleasure to learn knowledge and then review it on time?" Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? I am talented, others don't understand me, but I am not angry myself. Isn't that what a noble man has? "
Confucius said: "review the past and learn new things, and people can be teachers."
Confucius said: "if you don't know how to think when you study, you will be confused;" You can't learn anything if you think without learning. "
Confucius said, "You (Luz)! Teach you what' knowledge' is! Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, this is real knowledge! "
Zi Gong asked, "Why is Kong Wen Zi called Wen?" Confucius said: "Confucius is smart and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask others less than himself, so he is called' Wen'!"
Confucius said, "What can I do to silently remember what I have learned, but I am not satisfied with learning and tirelessly teach others?"
Confucius said, "When three people walk together, one of them will be my teacher; Choose their strengths to learn, and get rid of their weaknesses. "
Confucius said, "Those who know are not as good as those who love, and those who love are not as good as those who enjoy."
Confucius said by the river: "The lost time is like this river! Day and night. "
Confucius said: "I used to eat all day and stay up all night to think, but I didn't make progress." It is better to study. "
2. Mountain City
The mountain around the city, one of the eight scenic spots, has not been seen for several years. Yu Nian, the grandson, was drinking with his colleagues upstairs. Suddenly, he saw a lonely tower standing high in the sky on the top of the mountain. He looked at each other in surprise, but there was no such monastery in his mind. Nothing. I didn't know it was a mountain city until I saw dozens of palaces and blue tiles flying. A few days later, the high wall was towering for six or seven miles, which was really a battleground for military strategists. Hundreds of millions of people own a building, a hall and a square. Suddenly, the wind is blowing, the dust is boundless, and the city is just blurred. As soon as the wind clears up, everything is gone, leaving only a dangerous building and going directly to lonely people. There are five buildings with wide windows; There is a queue at five o'clock, also outside the building.
Layer by layer index, the higher the building, the less bright it is. Count to the eighth floor and cut it like a star. On top of it, it is hazy and there are countless levels. And the people upstairs come and go, or rely on or rely on, not the same. Over time, the building is getting lower and lower, revealing the top; Gradually return to normal buildings; Gradually fell in love with tall houses; Suddenly, like a fist, like a bean, out of sight.
I also heard that there were early walkers who saw the crowded shops on the mountain, which was unparalleled in the world, so it was also called the "ghost market" cloud.
3. Two Stories of Shi Shuo Xin Yu
& lt& lt Yong Xue >>
Xie An held a family reunion on a cold snowy day, explaining poetry with his son and nephew. Soon, it snowed heavily, and the guardian said happily, "What kind of snow is this?" ? "Xie Lang, his brother's eldest son, said," The air in the air is almost comparable. "."His eldest brother's daughter said, "Catkin can dance with the wind better than the wind." . "Guardian of the empire laughed. She is the daughter of Xie An, the daughter of Xie An, and the wife of the left-wing general Wang Ningzhi.
On a cold snowy night, Tai Fu Xie held a family gathering to talk with the younger generation. Soon it snowed heavily. Teacher Gaoxing Xie said quietly, "What is snow like?" Xie Lang, his elder brother's eldest son, said, "It's almost like sprinkling salt in the air." And Xie Wuyi's abuser said: "It is better than the catkins flying in the style." Xie Taifu smiled and said, "Xie is the eldest brother who abused Xie Taifu and the wife of General Zuo.
& lt& lt Chen Taiqiu and>
Chen Taiqiu went on a trip with his friends. Taiqiu gave up before the middle of the day. After you go, forget it. Fiona Fang is seven years old and playing outside the door. Chen Taiqiu's friend asked Fiona Fang, "Is your father there?" ? "Hui Yuan replied," My father waited for you for a long time, and you left before you arrived. The friend got angry and said, "No humanity!" Walk with people, walk with people. "Fiona Fang said," if you and your family don't meet at noon, you will break your promise; It is impolite to scold your father. "Friends ashamed, get off. Anyway, Fiona Fang started.
Chen Taiqiu has an appointment with a friend. It's about noon. After noon, his friends left before Taiqiu left. After Qiu left, the man came. Chen Yuanfang is only seven years old. He is playing outside the door. The man asked Fiona Fang, "Is your father there?" Fiona Fang replied, "You haven't been here for a long time, and you have already left." The man was angry and said, "It's not human! When you meet someone else, you leave me alone. " Fiona Fang said: "You met my father at noon, and you didn't come after noon, but you didn't have integrity;" It is impolite to scold your father at your son. " The man was so ashamed that he got out of the car and pulled Fiona Fang into the car door without looking back.
4. "Naoko suspects neighbors"
There was a rich family in the Song Dynasty. When it rained, the walls were broken. His son said, "If you don't build it, you must come in." The old man next door said so. That night, as expected, a lot of property was lost. The family was very grateful to Zi Cong, but they suspected that the theft was the old man's next step.
There was a rich man in the state of Song. It rained heavily and the wall of his house was broken. The rich man's son said, "If you don't build it, thieves will steal it." The old man next door said the same thing. At night, the rich really lost a lot of things. As a result, the rich man thought his son was very clever, but he suspected that the old man in the neighborhood had stolen from his family.
Explain that it warns people that if they don't respect the facts and only take intimacy and feeling as the criteria for judging right and wrong, they will make subjective guesses and draw wrong conclusions.
5. a blessing in disguise
He who is near the edge is skilled, and the horse dies for no reason. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for several months, his horse returned to Hu. Everyone congratulated him, and his father said, "Why can't this be a disaster?" The family is rich and good, and the son is easy to ride, but he broke his stomach. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for a year, the Hu people entered the fortress, and the Dingzhuang people played with strings. The man near the fort, the deceased was nineteen. This alone is lame. Father and son protect each other.
Translation:
Once upon a time, there was an old man who lived in the border area adjacent to the Hu people. Passers-by all addressed him as "Sai Weng". Sai Weng is philosophical by nature and treats people differently.
One day, for some unknown reason, Sai Weng's horse got lost while eating grass and never came back. When the neighbors learned the news, they all expressed regret. However, Sai Weng doesn't care. Instead, he comforted everyone: "Losing horses is certainly a bad thing, but who knows if it will bring good results?"
Sure enough, a few months later, the lost old horse ran back from the Great Wall and brought back a good horse rode by the Hu people. So the neighbors got together to congratulate Sai Weng and praised his foresight when he lost his horse. At this time, however, Sai Weng was worried and said, "Alas, who knows if this incident will bring me disaster?"
Sai Weng's family has added a good horse that the Hu people ride, and his son is very happy, so he rides it every day and enjoys it. Finally, one day, my son got carried away, fell off the galloping horse, injured his leg and was disabled for life. After hearing the news, the kind neighbors came to offer their condolences, but Sai Weng still said, "Who knows if there will be a good result?"
Another year passed, and the Hu people invaded the Central Plains on a large scale, and the border situation suddenly became tense. All able-bodied young people were recruited as soldiers, and nine times out of ten they died on the battlefield. Because Sai Weng's son was lame and exempted from military service, his father and son were able to escape the disaster in Where Are You Going?
In the process of being handed down from generation to generation, this story gradually condensed into an idiom: "A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise." Explain that good and bad in the world are not absolute. Under certain conditions, bad things can have good results, and good things may also have bad results.
6. Two ancient poems
Step out of Xiamen and see the sea.
Three kingdoms Cao Cao
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea.
The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
Journey to the sun and the moon, if you go out.
Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.
I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire.
Edit this paragraph comment.
Jie
Jieshi: mountain name. There are two kinds of Jieshi Mountain, which refers to Dajieshi Mountain at this time. One word refers to Jieshi Mountain in Changli County, Hebei Province. In the autumn of 207 AD, Cao Cao passed by.
Mr Hu: How?
pellet
Lian: The water waves are swaying.
native place
It stands tall. Stand straight. "Shrugging", high.
Xing Han: Galaxy.
Fortunately, I am very happy.
To: extremely.
Even glad: I am very lucky and very good.
Chanting ambition: that is, expressing one's mind.
"Jieshi looks at the sea in the east." The opening point explains the orientation, place and object of observation. Although these two sentences are not written directly to people, we seem to see Cao Cao's heroism in climbing mountains and looking at the sea. "Jieshi", according to the Records of Geography of Hanshu, was in the southwest of Licheng (now Laoting, Hebei Province) and sank into the sea during the Six Dynasties. The word "Guan" dominates the whole poem and is the clue of the whole poem. The following is what I saw and heard when I climbed the mountain according to the word "Guan".
The first two sentences started smoothly. "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east" means that he climbed Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea. The former Jieshi Mountain is in the southwest of Laoting County, Hebei Province, facing the Bohai Sea.
"Where there is water, there are mountains and islands." It's about overlooking the sea from Jieshi Mountain. "Lian Lian" is to describe the swaying appearance of the sea; "What", here when "how". "How about water?" Describe the vastness of the sea, including surprise and praise, which is the first impression of just climbing the top of the mountain. "Ruzhi" is a towering appearance. The meaning of these two poems is: the vast sea is blue and boundless, and only the mountain island at the foot stands high in the center of the sea. As we all know, watching the sea, standing on the shore, sitting on the bow, or climbing to the top of the mountain, our feelings are very different. At this time, when Cao Cao stood on the mountain, the first thing he saw was the panoramic view of the sea. Therefore, he tried to exaggerate the boundless momentum of the sea, giving people a sense of firmness and stubbornness. The towering mountain island suddenly attracted the poet's attention, so he immediately wrote down the scenery on the island: "There are many trees and many herbs." There are thriving scenes everywhere, as if there is infinite life waiting for us to discover. "The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges." With the bleak wind, suddenly set off a huge wave, people feel amazing a little too late! But when we turned our eyes to the surging waves, the poet stopped describing them.
The six sentences "water" are written in front of the sea. There are only two sentences that really write about the sea. Although there are not many words, the author focuses on the morphological changes of the sea, draws a big outline and writes out the characteristics of the sea. "How about water?" It's about the rough waves of the sea when there is no wind. When there is a strong wind at sea, it will immediately set off an uproar. "Hongbo surges" vividly shows the majestic momentum of the sea in just four words. The word "Yong" is used very well. From this description, we not only see the shape of the sea surging into the sky, but also seem to hear the sound of stormy waves lapping on the shore. Although the author wrote about the sea, he didn't just write about it. If you only write about the boundless and choppy sea water, even if it is well written, it will give people a sense of silence. Therefore, when describing the sea, the author inserted the mountain island vegetation to touch it. With the brushwork of mountain island vegetation, the sea is written with vigor and prosperity, which makes people feel that the sea is not only vast and magnificent, but also beautiful. Let's try to recite these sentences together, and we can appreciate the charm: the vast sea, undulating waves, flapping the coast, towering mountains and islands, lush vegetation swaying in the bleak autumn wind, what a magnificent artistic conception and what a beautiful picture!
In the face of this charming sea scenery, the author launched a rich and strange imagination. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The sun, the moon and the Milky Way, which keep running, are all contained in this sea. How energetic! These four sentences are the climax of the whole poem, and the author uses exaggerated expression techniques to create an extremely open artistic conception, which adds a positive romantic color to the whole poem. Although highly exaggerated, the author still firmly grasps the majestic characteristics of the sea to write, and exaggeration is reasonable.
The poet's rich imagination has brought us to a more magnificent realm: "If the journey of the sun and the moon comes out from this; Xinghan is brilliant, if you take it by surprise. "This word 16 depicts the vastness of the sea and writes a magnificent style of embracing the sun, the moon and the pregnant stars. The sky is connected with water, and the water is connected with the sky, which is boundless. It's really spectacular. " Xinghan is the Milky Way in the sky. The meaning of these four poems is: the sun and the moon rise in the east every day, go around once, and then set to the west, as if rising from the sea and falling into the sea. The starry galaxy is oblique in the sky, and its far end is perpendicular to the sea, as if it originated from the sea. The sun, the moon and the milky way are the most brilliant and greatest images in nature, but the poet feels that their operation is still inseparable from the embrace of the sea, which is like the mother of the sun, the moon and the stars. This broad realm is rare in ancient poetry.
Time ① Beigushan ② Xiaxia
Wangwan
Outside the guest road ③ Castle Peak ④, my boat and I, along the green water. The tidal flat (5) has a wide shore, and there is no wind to stir my lonely sail.
... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. Where can I get township books? Pet-name ruby back near YanYang, pet-name ruby.
①: Accommodation, that is, parking; ②: Near Jiangsu Province; 3: Journey; ④: refers to Beigushan; ⑤ At high tide. 6: At the end of the night;
⑦: Spring comes early on the river, and the new year has arrived before the old year; Old year: an unfinished year; 8: letters from home; Pet-name ruby: wild geese coming back to the north in spring; Attending: The spoken language in Tang Dynasty, with the same meaning as "Chu", generally refers to a place.
This poem was written in late winter and early spring. When I was traveling in the river, I felt homesick. The beginning begins with a antithesis, which describes the feeling of wandering in Shenchi's hometown. The second couplet is about sailing on the river of "tidal flat" and "positive wind", and the scene is magnificent. Sanlian wrote about the scene of sailing at dawn, and the antithesis implied philosophy, "The beauty of depicting scenery lies in generations to come", giving people a progressive artistic charm. The tail couplet saw that the geese missed their parents and echoed the first couplet. The whole poem is shrouded in faint homesickness. "... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness", without losing the wonderful poetry garden, the magnificent Millennium.
[translation]
Tourists pass the bleak Gubei Mountain, and the boat goes along with a green river. The spring tide rises, and the rivers on both sides are wider. Sail before the wind, the sails are blown by the wind. The red sun broke through the night and rose from the sea. Spring in Jiangnan, as early as the end of the year. Where will the letter from home be sent? When will Guiyan fly to Luoyang?
Spring outing in Qiantang Lake
Tang Bai Juyi
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake. Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe. I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
annotate
Selected from Bai Changqing Collection. Qiantang River and West Lake in Hangzhou. Bai Juyi (772-846), whose real name was Lotte, was also known as Xiangshan layman in his later years. Taiyuan (now Shanxi) people.
. Great poet of Tang Dynasty. Note "Bai Changqing Collection".
1. Gushan Temple: Built in the early years of Tianjia, Emperor Chen Wendi of the Southern Dynasties (560 ~ 566), it was named Chengfu and renamed Guanghua in the Song Dynasty. Gushan Mountain: Located in the north of West Lake, between Houhu Lake and Waihu Lake, with isolated peaks and beautiful scenery, it is a scenic spot that can be climbed by lakes and mountains.
2. Jia Pavilion: namely Jia Gongting. Tang Zhenyuan (AD 785-804) Jia Quan, a secretariat of Hangzhou, built a pavilion in Qiantang Cave, which was called "Jia Pavilion" or "Jia Gong Pavilion". The pavilion arrived at the end of the Tang Dynasty.
3. Initial leveling of the water surface: In spring, the lake began to rise, and the water surface just leveled the lake shore. Chu: Adverb, just now. Cloud feet are low; The clouds hung low and seemed to be connected with the lake. Point out the starting point and way of spring outing, and focus on depicting the scenery of the lake.
4. Early Spring Warbler: An oriole comes in early spring. Warbler: oriole, the song is euphemistic and beautiful. Competing to warm the trees: competing to fly to the sunny branches. Warm tree: a tree pointing to the sun. Xinyan: A swallow just flew back from the south. Take it. Swallows nest with mud in their mouths. Look up and see what you can see in spring, singing and dancing, full of vitality. Focus on birds.
5, disorderly flowers: wild flowers of various colors. Gradually: adverb, gradually. Desire: adverb, will, will. Charming eyes: dazzling. Shallow grass: Spring grass that just grows out of the ground and is not too high. Talent: Just right. No: yes, yes. Looking down on the spring outing, the flowers are tender and the grass is tender, and the spring is full. Focus on flowers and plants.
6. Not enough lines: I never get tired of traveling. Yin: Same as "Yin". Baisha Dike: Today's Bai Causeway, also known as Sand Dike and Broken Bridge Dike, is located on the east bank of West Lake, which existed before the Tang Dynasty. Another Bai Causeway outside Qiantang Gate was built during the self-styled change of administration in Hangzhou. The poet from north to west, from south to east, surrounded the lake for a week, and at the end of the poem, he expressed his deep affection with his "favorite".
poetic sentiment
From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake is just flush with the levee.
White clouds overlap and connect with the waves on the lake.
A few early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree.
Its new swallow nests with spring soil in its mouth.
Countless and colorful spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes.
Shallow spring grass can just cover the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery on the east side of West Lake best, but I haven't visited enough.
Then go to see the charming white sand embankment in Green Liu Xia.
Dead vines, old trees, faint crows,
Small bridges and flowing water,
The ancient road and the west wind are thin.
The sun went down,
Heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
translate
The dead vine old tree-dwelling crow returns to its nest at dusk,
The flowing water by the bridge reflects several families.
On the desolate ancient road, a lonely thin horse came against the bleak autumn wind.
As the sun sets, wandering wanderers are still in the end of the world.