As early as 1948, who pointed out in its charter that "health is not only the absence of disease and weakness, but also the perfect state of physical, psychological and social functions."
1990 who's view of health is that it is sound in four aspects: physical health, mental health, good social adaptation and moral health. The content of moral health means that you can't harm the interests of others in order to meet your own needs, you can restrain yourself and control your thoughts and behaviors according to socially recognized behavioral ethics, and you have the concept and ability to distinguish truth, good and evil, honor and disgrace.
According to the measurement, violating social morality will often lead to bad psychology such as nervousness and fear, and it is prone to disorders such as nervous center and endocrine system, and the defense ability of immune system will also decline. Medical scientists have found that people who take bribes are prone to cancer, cerebral hemorrhage, heart disease and mental irritability; Integrity, kindness, indifference and magnanimity can keep people in balance and contribute to good health.
In recent years, some scholars believe that economic situation should be regarded as a basic content of health evaluation. Because people are a very complex and comprehensive whole, people's health also covers multi-dimensional content.
There are clear standards for physical health, such as growth and development, maturity and aging. More quantitatively, the body temperature is 36℃-37℃, the blood pressure is 60-90 mm Hg at low pressure, 90- 130 mm Hg at high pressure, and the heart rate is 60-80 beats/min, which are all normal indexes of human physiological exercise.
However, due to the influence of social and cultural background, the standard of mental health is rather vague. But mental health plays a leading role in people's code of conduct. In the face of colorful life, only a healthy attitude can adapt to various environments and deal with various things.
Mental health is a good mental state. In this state, people not only have a sense of security and a good state of self, but also live in harmony with society and can adapt to the external environment in the form of social recognition. Generally, it can be understood as emotional stability and psychological maturity, but this stable and mature state is relative. Because we live in a society where everything is changing, no one will have a fixed mental and emotional state. Only when all the conditions that restrict personality, such as education level, work ability, occupation, social status and life evolution, are well coordinated and can adapt to the environment, use the environment and create the environment, can it be called mental health.
Some psychologists get rid of the shackles of open standards and describe the characteristics of a mentally healthy person: this is a dynamic and happy person who is loved and loved; Face the challenges of life confidently, devote yourself enthusiastically to your work and give full play to your full potential; Be able to gain insight into the outside world, cope with the challenges encountered and formulate reasonable life strategies; Will not exaggerate or belittle their abilities at will; The evaluation of yourself and others is based on reality. If you are the kind of person described above, then your mind is healthy.
Freud, a pioneer in exploring the mysteries of human mind, attributed mental health to the ability to love and work. In a book, he listed some common characteristics of mentally healthy people: maintaining reason and balance; Have a sense of self-worth; Ability to love; Ability to establish and maintain close relationships; Can accept all kinds of possibilities and limitations in reality; The pursuit of work is compatible with one's talent and educational background; I can feel some inner peace and satisfaction, and make myself feel that my life has not been wasted.
If mental health must be attributed to a certain standard, scholars at home and abroad generally believe that mental health has a standard of 1 1, and people who basically meet this standard can be considered as mentally healthy people.
1. Have a moderate sense of security, self-esteem, and feel "valuable" about self and personal achievements.
Know yourself well, don't brag too much, and don't be too hard on yourself.
3. In daily life, it has moderate spontaneity and sensitivity and is not enslaved by the environment.
4. Appropriately accept personal needs and have the ability to meet such needs.
5. Be self-aware, know your motivation and purpose, and make an appropriate estimate of your ability.
6. Keep good contact with the real environment, tolerate setbacks and blows in life, and don't have excessive illusions.
7. Can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality, personal values can be changed according to different social standards, and have a good understanding of themselves.
Work can concentrate.
8. Life has a realistic purpose, and most of the jobs that individuals engage in are practical and feasible.
9. Have the ability to learn from experience, be able to adapt to the needs of the environment and change yourself.
10. Be able to establish a harmonious relationship with others in the collective and pay attention to the needs of the collective.
1 1. Under the principle of not violating the collective, I can maintain my own personality, have an independent point of view, have the ability to judge right from wrong, good from evil, do not flatter others excessively, and do not seek social recognition excessively.