Girls' developmental period

Adolescence refers to the developmental stage of physiological transition from childhood to adulthood, and it is also a process in which the development of internal and external reproductive organs of the fetus continues to mature after a static period (that is, early childhood). Girls in this period have their own unique aspects both physically and psychologically. (1) Physiological characteristics: Although there are differences between male and female genitalia after birth and before the age of 8-9, the concentration of sex hormones in the body is also very low because the gonadal function of both men and women is suppressed. Although the height and weight increase rapidly, there is no gender difference. On average, after 1 1 years old (ranging from 9 to12 years old), girls' secondary sexual characteristics gradually develop, mainly showing that bilateral breasts begin to bulge, nipples gradually increase and pigments gradually deepen; Pubic hair and axillary hair began to appear in vulva and armpit, and it took about 4 years for girls' secondary sexual characteristics to appear from the beginning to the completion of development (range 1.5 ~ 6 years). At the same time, the skin pigment of bilateral labia minora gradually deepened and increased, and white secretions began to appear. The internal genitalia also develops at the same time, such as widening vagina, thickening and wrinkling of mucosa, thickening of fallopian tube and enlargement of uterus. The average age is about 13 years old (10 ~ 16 years old), which is called menarche. You will ovulate in 2 ~ 5 years, and then you will be fertile. Girls' puberty has two important characteristics: First, from the age of 9 and a half, the growth of girls' height suddenly accelerates, reaching the peak of 6-8 cm per year, and then gradually slows down until the epiphysis closes and stops growing, reaching about 18 years old, and the height can be increased by about 25 cm. Secondly, the subcutaneous fat deposition in the body increases, especially in the buttocks and buttocks, while the pelvis and buttocks also widen, forming a feminine figure with soft curves. This series of physical changes marks that a girl gradually grows into a girl. The onset time of puberty varies with genetic factors, health level, nutritional status, climate, altitude, socio-economic conditions, health habits and so on. Generally speaking, girls develop puberty earlier than boys 1 ~ 2 years. In recent years, the age of menarche for girls in many countries tends to advance, which is related to the economic development and the improvement of living standards year by year. Girls who are severely emaciated or obese, malnourished or strenuous exercise often delay menarche; On the contrary, moderately obese girls tend to have their menarche earlier. (2) Psychological characteristics: In terms of psychology, after 65,438+00 years old, girls germinated hazy consciousness, began to be interested in gender differences and gender relations, and their appreciation and admiration for the opposite sex began to grow. The so-called "seeds of love" is to describe this period. 15 ~ 16 years old, with the development of physical secondary characteristics, psychological maturity further develops. They began to think of themselves as adults. They demand self-reliance, respect from others (including parents), equal treatment of themselves, and a small world where they can make friends, think independently and have their own activities. At the same time, I also hope to communicate with friends of the opposite sex, so that I can admire the opposite sex and even gradually have requirements for love and sex. However, their psychology is still immature, their mood is unstable, and their personality, temperament and thoughts are very plastic, so they are easily influenced by social atmosphere, friends around them, movies, television, literary works and other communication tools. During this period, girls' physique and brain develop rapidly, which is a period of rapid growth of intelligence, the starting point of career development and the most important and precious stage in their life journey. Therefore, it is very necessary to educate them to set up lofty ideals and aspirations, and guide them to focus on enriching their real talents and learning. At this stage, we should also carry out positive education on sexual knowledge, sexual morality and sexual law; Help them establish a correct world outlook and moral outlook, and lay a good foundation for their future career and life.