2. Cataracts. Various reasons, such as aging, heredity, local nutritional disorders, immune and metabolic abnormalities, trauma, poisoning, radiation, etc. , can cause lens metabolism disorder, leading to lens protein degeneration and turbidity, called cataract.
3. Myopia. When the eyes are in a relaxed state, the parallel rays are refracted by the refractive system of the eyes, and the focus falls in front of the retina.
4. farsightedness. Hyperopia refers to a refractive state in which parallel light beams are refracted by relaxed eyeballs and imaged on the retina. Hyperopia occurs when the refractive power of the eyeball is insufficient or the length of its axis is insufficient.
5. astigmatism. After the parallel light enters the eye, because the refractive power of the eye is different on different meridians, it cannot converge at one point (focus) and form a clear object image. This condition is called astigmatism.
6, trachoma. Trachoma is a chronic infectious conjunctival keratitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. It is named trachoma because it forms a rough and uneven appearance on the surface of eyelid conjunctiva and looks like sand.
7. Oblique amblyopia. Strabismus refers to the inability of both eyes to look at the target at the same time, which belongs to extraocular muscle disease.
8, pterygium. Pterygium is a common and frequently-occurring disease in ophthalmology. Traditional Chinese medicine calls it "eye-catching pterygium", commonly known as "fish" It is generally believed that it is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by external stimuli, which occurs in one eye or both eyes, and is named because its shape resembles the wings of insects.
9. conjunctivitis. Inflammatory diseases of conjunctiva can be divided into acute, subacute and chronic types according to the condition and course of disease. According to the etiology, it can be divided into bacterial, viral, chlamydial, fungal and allergic. According to the pathological characteristics of conjunctiva, it can be divided into acute follicular conjunctivitis, chronic follicular conjunctivitis, membranous conjunctivitis and pseudomembranous conjunctivitis.
10, keratitis. Corneal inflammatory reaction caused by various factors is collectively called keratitis. It is one of the common eye diseases and one of the main blinding eye diseases in China.
1 1, ocular fundus disease. This is a modern medical term. Fundus, an anatomical term in medicine, refers to the open intraocular part that can be seen through the pupil, that is, the inner layer of the eyeball, including retina, optic disc and macula.
12, lacrimal duct disease. I don't want to cry, but I can't stop crying. The obstruction of lacrimal passage makes the tears "come out". Lacrimal duct diseases are the most common diseases in ophthalmology, including lacrimal duct inflammation, trauma, foreign bodies, tumors, parasites and congenital abnormalities, among which chronic dacryocystitis is the most common.
13, eyelid disease. Eyelid diseases are diseases that occur in eyelids, which are part of systemic diseases or local diseases. The disease occurs in skin, eyelid glands, eyelashes, muscles and so on. , including eyelid inflammation, trauma, tumor, entropion and ectropion, ptosis, congenital deformity of eyelid, etc.
14, lens diseases. Lens diseases can lead to visual impairment. The lens is located between the iris, pupil and vitreous body, shaped like a convex lens and completely transparent. Contact with ciliary body through suspensory ligament of lens to fix its position.
15, vitros. Vitreous lesions are pathological changes such as degeneration, bleeding and exudation of vitreous body affected by surrounding tissue diseases, which are manifested as vitreous opacity, liquefaction, fibrous membrane formation and contraction.
16, floaters. Refers to a small shadow fluttering in front of your eyes, especially when you look at a bright white background, which may be accompanied by a sense of flash.
17, tears in the wind. In fact, this phenomenon is a protective physiological response of lacrimal gland to cold stimulation, and it is a functional windward tear drop.
18, macular degeneration. The pathological mechanism of macular degeneration is mainly the aging change of macular structure.