Malaria prevention and healthy growth manuscript

1. What is malaria? Malaria is an infectious disease caused by plasmodium parasitizing human body. In China, there are mainly vivax malaria and falciparum malaria. The main symptoms of malaria include chills, fever, sweating and body pain. Sometimes accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea and cough. Patients with severe illness will also have delirium, coma and shock, as well as liver and renal failure. If not treated in time, it may be life-threatening due to delayed illness. Second, how is malaria spread? Malaria is mainly transmitted by the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes. Generally speaking, the incubation period from human infection with plasmodium to onset is about 9- 14 days. 3. What is the current situation of malaria in China? Malaria was once an important insect-borne infectious disease, which seriously endangered the health and life safety of our people and affected social and economic development. After years of active prevention and control, the malaria epidemic situation in China has dropped significantly. The number of cases dropped from 30 million per year in the early days of the People's Republic of China to 7433 cases in 20 10, including 4943 cases of vivax malaria, 287 cases of falciparum malaria 15 cases of death. The epidemic area has been greatly reduced, and falciparum malaria has been eliminated in other provinces except Yunnan and Hainan. However, in recent years, due to frequent population movements such as going out to work, doing business and traveling, the number of imported malaria cases is on the rise, and the number of deaths from falciparum malaria has increased significantly. According to the data reported directly by the national infectious diseases network, from 201/kloc-0 to March, all the people died of falciparum malaria 1 1 person, all of whom were young and middle-aged laborers aged 20-50. 4. What countries and regions are malaria mainly prevalent in? According to the data released by the World Health Organization, 86% of malaria cases in the world occur in Africa, 9% in Southeast Asia and the remaining 5% in other parts of the world. Malaria in China is mainly prevalent in southern areas such as Yunnan, Hainan and Guizhou, and in central areas such as Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu and Hubei. Citizens who have lived or lived in the above malaria endemic areas should go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible if they have symptoms such as chills, fever, sweating and fatigue. 5. How to prevent malaria? The most effective way to prevent malaria is to prevent mosquito bites. Try to avoid going outdoors at the peak of mosquito activity (dusk and night); If you have to work outdoors, you can wear long-sleeved clothes and trousers, and the exposed skin can be coated with insect repellent to prevent mosquito bites; Spray insecticide or light mosquito-repellent incense in the bedroom before going to bed; Use mosquito nets or long-lasting mosquito nets when sleeping; Install screen doors and screens in the house. 6. How to treat malaria? Plasmodium vivax malaria patients are generally treated with chloroquine phosphate and primaquine phosphate, and then treated with primaquine in the following spring. Patients with non-severe falciparum malaria can take orally artemisinin compound preparations, such as dihydroartemisinin piperaquine tablets, artesunate/amodiaquine tablets, compound naphthoquine phosphate tablets and compound artemisinin tablets. Patients with severe falciparum malaria should be treated with artesunate or artemether injection. 7. What policies does China have to eliminate malaria? 20 10 in may, the Ministry of health and other 13 departments jointly issued the China malaria elimination action plan (20 10-2020), proposing to eliminate malaria nationwide by 2020. In order to achieve the above objectives, we will strengthen the discovery of malaria cases through blood tests on patients with fever, and at the same time deal with malaria epidemic spots that may spread. At present, the central government and the Malaria Project of the China Global Fund subsidize blood tests for fever patients in malaria-endemic areas, and all disease prevention and control institutions in malaria-endemic areas can obtain antimalarial drugs free of charge.