How do kindergartens manage children and create conditions for children to become masters of the environment?
As the old saying goes:? Kiss his teacher and believe in his way. ? Only by creating a relaxed and warm family atmosphere can children have a happy learning environment. Especially the children in small classes, which is very important to them. As we know, small classes are the key period to develop various routines. Children in this period have strong emotional attachment, so we need to create a relaxed and warm environment similar to family, so that they can adapt to the collective life of kindergarten as soon as possible and develop good class routines.
The layout of the classroom should meet the needs of children's learning and development, and be changed regularly according to the needs of the theme content. Children should be fully involved in the layout process. For example, teachers and students can discuss, plan and arrange together, or teachers can plan places and provide backgrounds, so that children can gradually arrange their own learning achievements or works with the progress of activities, so that each child has the opportunity to show his own works and make children the masters of the environment.
Children's learning and development are realized in the interaction with the surrounding environment and materials. Teachers should arrange the activity room into multiple activity areas according to children's interests, such as language area, cognitive area, role area, art area, music area and so on. Each activity area provides enough toys and operation materials, in which the materials and articles are placed in an open way, and the shelf structure of learning resources can be moved to facilitate the classification of articles and children's free observation, access and study. The learning tools and materials provided should be challenging, in line with children's interests and ability development, and be changed regularly with the course content.
2 Actively guide children to learn self-management.
Teachers should actively guide children to learn self-management.
Effective rule order is beneficial to the management of class activities and the interaction between teachers and students. The reason why a class is chaotic is often that children don't know what to do. Teachers should discuss with children: which behaviors are accepted and appreciated by the class, which behaviors are not allowed and should be prohibited by the class, and what will happen if the class rules are violated. Teachers should try their best to give every child a chance to participate in the discussion and express their opinions. Then, according to the results of the discussion, teachers and students should jointly plan and formulate class routines that the whole class will abide by. Once the class rules are made, they must be observed, and teachers should set an example.
Because the inhibitory function of children's cerebral cortex is not perfect, when children are required to abide by class rules, they can change from boring and monotonous language tips to implicit environmental tips. For example, put small footprints on the stairs to remind children to go up and down the stairs along one side; Stick a hand washing sequence diagram at the hand washing place; Mark each activity area with pictures from the class;
The driving route and zebra crossing are posted on the game site to remind children to obey the traffic rules. For young children, use signs to tell them where to sit in a semicircle, and so on. This method can prevent children from making noise because they have nothing to do, and can also avoid teachers' excessive command and intervention, so that children can understand where to do things and make activities orderly and undisturbed.
When making class rules, we should pay attention to not too many things, because too many rules will make children listen but not hear, turn a blind eye or be at a loss, and will not get substantive results. In the process of implementation, teachers should be fair and trustworthy, encourage more and punish less, and cultivate children to form the habit of consciously observing group regulations.
3 publicize the highlights of children and set an example.
In children's daily life, mutual? Blame? 、? Complain I can't stop hearing it. And there are few compliments and compliments to each other. The reason should be the lack of discovery, as Rodin, a famous master, said: Life is not without beauty, but without eyes that find beauty? . In order to make children's bad behavior habits invisible and make good behavior habits visible, I set up? Thumb? On the publicity stage, children are regularly invited to give lectures on the stage to praise the bright spots of their companions around them. After the lecture, the teacher will put one on the good boy's forehead? Thumb? Decals, but also a reward for children who find the advantages of others? Clairvoyance? Icons, through this kind of preaching and decal activities, effectively amplify the children's bright spots and enhance their subjective initiative to follow the routine. After a while, in class. Complain The number of cases dropped sharply. Thumb? 、? Clairvoyance? There are more and more children. More importantly, it has become a routine for class children to consciously abide by routines.
The routine management of children's classes is an arduous and long task, which requires teachers' wisdom guidance and artistic treatment, so that children can actively participate in it, gradually move from heteronomy to self-discipline, and gradually grow into civilized ordinary citizens who abide by the routine.
4. Create a fair environment for children to enjoy equal rights.
Good interpersonal relationship is an important part of class appearance. In the classroom, we should strive to create an equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students and between students and students. Only in this way can the unified and serious daily teaching activities become serious and vivid, and the class will show strong vitality. For example, let children take turns to be duty students and small teachers; Children should be allowed to participate in festival performances and celebrations as much as possible, and a limited number of children can recommend themselves through collective consent or fair competition; Evaluate children well, award five-pointed stars, and let children accept collective agreement or mutual evaluation. Children's eyes are discerning, and teachers should convince them of all educational behaviors. Children live in a very fair and democratic atmosphere since childhood, and will actively exercise their rights and become more assertive.
5. Continue to promote the implementation of class management.
It is necessary to continuously promote the implementation of class management, which is also the law to ensure the healthy and orderly conduct of kindergarten education and teaching activities. From the perspective of children's individual development needs, good standardized management can make children actively and happily participate in various activities, make children better adapt to collective life, help children correct bad habits, make their lives rhythmic, and play an important role in promoting their physical and mental health.
For example, who wants to be a student on duty: when a naughty child raises his hand, an experienced teacher will seize the opportunity of education in time: what you did before is not good enough, and you need to correct it. And you can't stifle his thoughts, you should set goals for him and correct his shortcomings in time), monitor, homework (properly arrange parent-child homework and develop parents' habits: make fruit dolls and take some holiday photos. ), living system, daily affairs registration, items are placed in an orderly manner and instructions are correct. Execute patiently and carefully.
Education is everywhere. Teachers should learn to seize opportunities, create children's hopes, get rid of children's bad habits, and praise and encourage them in time. Teachers should show their gentlest and most beautiful side in front of children, not their most demanding and demanding side.