Scientific management of cow breeding and conception, how to manage cow breeding and conception scientifically?

After pregnancy, dairy cows not only need nutrition for their own growth and development, but also need to meet the nutritional needs of fetal growth and development, and accumulate nutrition for postpartum lactation. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding management of pregnant cows so that they can calve and breastfeed normally. Strengthen the feeding of pregnant cows. In the early stage of pregnancy, cows are generally fed as empty cows. In the last 2~3 months of pregnancy, we should strengthen nutrition. During this period, the nutrition of dairy cows directly affects the growth and nutrition accumulation of the fetus. When feeding pregnant cows in the house, the diet formula should be adjusted according to the increase of pregnancy months to increase the amount of nutrients. Grazing pregnant cattle should choose high-quality pasture, prolong grazing time, and supplement 1~2 kg concentrate every day after grazing. At the same time, attention should be paid to prevent pregnant cows from being overweight, especially newborn calves from being full and avoiding dystocia.

Cows in the third trimester of pregnancy are gathered with other cows and grazed in nearby pastures. In order to prevent cows from colliding with each other, don't whip and drive away when grazing, so as not to cause panic. Don't graze or drive out in rainy days to avoid slipping. Don't graze on the dewy grassland, don't let the cattle eat a lot of young leguminous grasses that are easy to produce gas, don't eat moldy feed, and don't drink water with ice. Pregnant cows fed in houses should exercise for about 2 hours every day to avoid overweight or insufficient exercise. Attention should be paid to the observation of parturient cows, and preparations for delivery and midwifery should be made in time.

Lactating cows are cows that feed their calves with milk after calving. In recent years, with the deepening and development of cattle improvement, the cattle in Arong Banner gradually developed in the direction of meat and milk, which produced obvious social and economic benefits. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to strengthen the management of dairy farming. Feeding and management of dairy cows in house. Cows are still in the stage of physical recovery within 10 days after calving. Cattle that are too fat or too thin after calving must be fed correctly. Weak cattle can only be fed with high-quality hay within 3 days after delivery, and can be fed with appropriate concentrated feed and juicy feed after 4 days. According to the recovery of breast and digestive system, the feeding amount should be gradually increased, but the daily increase of concentrate should not exceed 1 kg. When the milk edema disappears completely, the feed can be increased to normal. If the cow has no edema in the breast after delivery, is healthy and has normal feces, it can be fed with juicy concentrated feed on the first day after calving, and can be increased to normal feed in 6-7 days.

The goal of feeding and managing lactating cows is that a higher proportion of cows can give birth to live calves within 12 weeks or less. The advantages of short calving period are as follows. First of all, the feed ratio of dairy cows can well meet the nutritional needs of dairy cows and save feed costs; Secondly, the calving situation can be closely monitored, and midwifery can be provided when necessary to reduce the calf mortality; In the end, the calves are consistent, and there are few ones that are not easy to use in the later stage of the calf. Long calving period is an obvious feature of low pregnancy rate. Late-born cows mate with bulls for too short a time before the end of mating season, which may make it difficult for them to get pregnant and eventually fail to get pregnant with other cows. For cows with long calving period, the only way is to eliminate late-born cows, or exchange calves for these cows in spring and autumn to keep up with calving period. The disadvantage of the latter scheme is that cows move from one herd to another, but it may not solve the potential cause of low pregnancy rate.