product description
Oral rehydration salts are white crystalline powder, which is a compound preparation. Its main components are anhydrous glucose, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium citrate, which can supplement sodium, potassium and body fluids and adjust the balance of water and electrolyte. Oral rehydration salts can be used to treat mild and moderate dehydration caused by diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration of skin and respiratory tract. In addition, oral rehydration salts can also be used for the treatment of acute diarrhea in adults and rehydration in children.
dosage
When oral rehydration salts are taken, one portion of rehydration salts (containing 3.5g of sodium chloride, 2.5g of sodium bicarbonate and 20g of glucose) is generally diluted with 1000ml of warm boiled water. The most important thing is to correctly estimate the required amount of liquid according to the body weight and dehydration degree. Generally, mild dehydration, 50 ml of oral rehydration salt per kilogram of body weight, moderate dehydration, 80 ml per kilogram of body weight. Children should consult a doctor about dosage. Dilution should be strictly in accordance with the requirements of the formula, not too thick or too thin. Generally, it is recommended to dilute it to a certain concentration at one time, and take it slowly for a few times.
Functional indication
For patients with brain, kidney and heart dysfunction and hyperkalemia, oral rehydration salts should be used with caution. Newborns should also take it with caution because their kidney function is immature. Adverse reactions such as vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, etc. occur during taking, so you should stop using it in time and ask a doctor for treatment. Don't heat the baby when feeding, in case it goes bad.
Four misunderstandings of taking rehydration salts
Diarrhea is an acute gastrointestinal disease with a high incidence in infants. Oral rehydration salts (ORS) recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) are the most economical, convenient and scientific oral rehydration methods. Many parents report that they are still confused when they give their baby oral rehydration salts. Bian Xiao sorted out some frequently asked questions, hoping to help parents and friends.
Source: diarrhea treatment through train
1. Why does the baby drink oral rehydration salt for diarrhea?
Guidelines at home and abroad have pointed out that the first principle of diarrhea treatment is to prevent dehydration and treat dehydration, and it is required to use oral rehydration salt ⅲ from the beginning.
Because the main harm of diarrhea is dehydration, dehydration is the main cause of diarrhea death. When diarrhea occurs, the water and electrolyte in the human body will be excreted together with stool and vomit, which is prone to dehydration and electrolyte disorder.
In particular, children have a large demand for water, and the level of extracellular fluid is not stable enough, which is especially easy to dehydrate. Once dehydration occurs, it will cause a large loss of water and electrolyte. In fact, the severity or deterioration of many children's diseases is not due to the disease itself, but to dehydration, and some may have hypovolemic shock, even life-threatening.
Therefore, preventing dehydration and treating dehydration are the most important things in diarrhea treatment.
Oral rehydration salt III (Boye) is a hypotonic oral rehydration salt recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). It can not only prevent mild and moderate dehydration, but also reduce 20% stool volume, 30% vomiting rate and 33% intravenous rehydration rate. WHO requires more than 90% children with diarrhea to use oral rehydration salt III.
Therefore, parents should give oral rehydration salt III to prevent dehydration from the beginning of baby diarrhea, and don't wait until it is dehydrated, so as not to increase the unnecessary pain and risk of children.
2. What is the specific dosage of oral rehydration salt III?
Diarrhea patients need to determine the dosage according to the degree of dehydration, age and weight:
Situation 1: No symptoms of dehydration.
The general principle is to take a certain dose of oral rehydration salt III according to the patient's age after each defecation until the diarrhea stops. Details are as follows:
Example: 1 year-old children with diarrhea, diarrhea 5 times a day, no obvious dehydration symptoms, should be fed 100 ml after each diarrhea, of which * * * each time 100ml×5 times =500 ml (that is, 2 bags).
Situation 2: Mild to moderate dehydration
Mild to moderate dehydration: dry mouth, polydipsia, decreased urination, listlessness, little or no tears when crying, sunken eyes, etc.
Dosage (ml)=(50~75)ml × body weight (kg), which can be taken by children within 4 hours.
If dehydration is corrected after 4 hours, take it according to the example 1 dehydration prevention amount until diarrhea stops.
Example: 18-month-old children with diarrhea, weighing 10 kg, are slightly dehydrated, so the dosage is =50 ml/kg × 10kg=500ml (i.e. 2 bags), that is, 500ml is fed within 4 hours. If dehydration has been corrected at this time, supplement it according to the dose without dehydration symptoms, that is, every time.
Situation 3: Hypertonic dehydration
The manifestations of hypertonic dehydration: apathy, coma, not drinking water, sunken eyes, etc.
Patients with hypertonic dehydration need to be sent to the hospital immediately for emergency treatment. One is intravenous fluid replacement. At the same time, as long as patients can take orally, oral rehydration salt ⅲ; Is given; After hypertonic dehydration is corrected, he can completely switch to oral rehydration salt III until diarrhea stops.
3. I feel that my baby can't finish the prescribed dose. What should I do?
Many parents report that the baby can't drink that much at a time. Can you drink less?
It is not recommended to give children full-dose feeding, because if oral rehydration salt III is not supplemented in time and in insufficient dose, the water and electrolyte lost in diarrhea and vomiting will not be replenished in time and fully, which will lead to dehydration.
Therefore, parents must pay attention to feeding their children enough oral rehydration salts III.
When oral rehydration salt III is given to children, the principle of small amount and multiple times should be followed, and it is best to give 1 time every 2-3 minutes and 10-20 ml each time. In this way, the child can be replenished with 150-300ml of liquid every hour. For younger babies, they can often be fed with spoons, droppers or small cups until they are fed enough. If the child vomits, stop 10 minutes and then feed slowly.
4. Some books suggest diluting oral rehydration salts before feeding the baby. Do you need to dilute them?
If oral rehydration salt ⅲ is given, it need not be diluted. According to the instructions, pour a bag of 250ml warm water and take it according to the dosage.
Some books say that oral rehydration salts are taken after dilution, which means that in the absence of oral rehydration salts III, it is suggested that traditional oral rehydration salts I and II be taken after dilution. Because the sodium content of traditional oral rehydration salts ⅰ and ⅱ is slightly higher, hypernatremia may occur when applied to children with good nutritional status. It is recommended to take them after dilution, but it is difficult to dilute them to the optimal concentration and osmotic pressure in practical operation, and on the other hand, the concentration of other electrolytes such as potassium will also decrease after dilution.
Therefore, when the baby has diarrhea, parents should try to choose a full dose of hypotonic oral rehydration salt III.
Compared with traditional oral rehydration salts ⅰ and ⅱ, oral rehydration salt ⅲ reduced the contents of sodium and glucose, and the osmotic pressure was 245mOsm/L, which avoided the shortcomings of traditional oral rehydration salts, reduced the amount of diarrhea feces and vomiting times and shortened the course of diarrhea. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommended oral rehydration salts III with low permeability as the first choice for diarrhea in the Diarrhea Treatment Guidelines (Second Edition) in 2006, instead of oral rehydration salts I/II.