Low-carbon life science and technology paper Part I
Discussion on planning and design of low-carbon environmental protection city
Eco-city planning and construction is a benign planning to promote the harmony between man and nature. Based on this situation, we must focus on the long-term, especially designers should adhere to the ecological principles in their design, and meet people's living needs and urban growth needs by realizing the development goals of modern urban planning. This paper analyzes and discusses the planning of low-carbon environmental protection cities for reference only.
Keywords: urban planning; Low carbon and environmental protection; develop
China Library Classification Number: TU984 Document Identification Number: A
First, an overview of low-carbon environmental protection cities
Low-carbon environmental protection city is actually a complex low-carbon economic development model. By changing people's consumption concepts and social and economic development patterns, people's quality of life can be improved and their living standards can be guaranteed. At the same time, carbon emissions in the process of urban development should be reduced. With the continuous development of society, people's living environment is also deteriorating, resulting in air pollution and climate warming. At this time, people gradually became interested in the development of the concept of low-carbon environmental protection, and received more and more attention. Because the possibility of climate warming is largely caused by human activities, we should vigorously publicize the importance of low-carbon environmental protection and promote the development of cities to low-carbon cities when planning and building cities.
Second, the importance and necessity of eco-city planning
1, the necessity of eco-city planning
At present, China is facing serious problems such as soil erosion, sharp decline of forest vegetation, shortage of water resources and serious pollution of water and air. At the same time, it affects the development process of urbanization and directly affects economic development and social progress. The construction of ecological urbanization is based on the planning of maintaining ecological balance and promoting a good environment, which not only reduces the environmental burden, but also creates a comfortable living environment for people.
2. The importance of eco-city planning
Cities should not only meet the needs of people's production and life, but also meet the needs of people's material and spiritual life, which is an important carrier of residents' life. Therefore, the harmonious development of environment and ecology should be considered in the process of urban planning, so the concept of eco-city came into being. With the continuous progress and development of human cultural civilization, people's pursuit of ecological nature and yearning for quality life are getting higher and higher. The development of eco-city can promote the harmonious progress between man and nature and the ecological virtuous circle of steady economic development. Eco-city planning and design is a sustainable development plan, and it is also a long-term and significant task that benefits the country and the people.
Three. Principles of Eco-city Planning
Ecological. In the process of urban planning, by calculating the environmental carrying capacity, making rational use of natural conditions, according to local conditions of urban development planning, increasing urban green area, optimizing water resources, reducing noise pollution, and paying attention to protecting the natural environment and ecological balance.
Economy. Eco-city planning can not only promote economic growth, but also increase the quantity and quality to a certain extent, and promote economic development on the basis of the original urban development. The economic demand of ecological environment is to reduce the harm to human health and environment, improve the regeneration and comprehensive utilization of resources, improve production technology and technology, use clean energy and efficient equipment, and improve management and maintenance methods.
Sustainability. In the long run, eco-city planning is to achieve the goal of future development. Considering the ecological balance and integrity of the whole city now, taking into account the history and the original urban nature, in the process of development, the original ecological system will not be destroyed, serving the needs of the overall urban planning.
Scientific. Scientific and reasonable eco-city design and planning can meet people's life and spiritual needs and fully experience the overall function of the city. After all-round investigation and study, combined with the specific situation of urban ecosystem, it has changed from simple greening to paying attention to people's feelings about living environment and paying attention to the practicality and aesthetics of urban buildings.
Fourth, low-carbon cities and carbon emissions.
With the development of cities, the global temperature is getting warmer. What caused the change of global temperature? This is the key to our research. From the perspective of social development, for a long time in the past, due to the demand of social development, the development of industrial revolution led to the use of a large number of fossil fuels, which made the global carbon dioxide emissions increase day by day. At present, there is a continuous increase trend. From the source of carbon emissions, in densely populated cities with developed transportation, architecture and industry, carbon usage and emissions are high. According to statistics, the energy consumption of big cities in the world accounts for 75% of the world's total, and the carbon dioxide emissions account for 80% of the world's total. Finally, carbon emissions mainly come from three aspects: residents' life, urban transportation and industrial development. Man-made carbon dioxide emissions mainly come from transportation, home heating and cooking, thermal power generation, metal smelting and so on.
From the perspective of natural science, the changes of land cover and soil use, the intensity of solar activity and the role of the ocean are all factors leading to climate warming. There are many human factors, such as the change of land cover and utilization, especially after entering the industrialization era, urban development may be one of the important reasons that directly lead to climate warming. In a word, the concept of urban low-carbon environmental protection has become the key to reduce carbon emissions. In order to better cope with climate warming and energy crisis, it is very important to study urban low-carbon environmental protection. We should strive to build a low-carbon city with low emissions and high efficiency, and promote the development of low-carbon cities reasonably and effectively through industrial adjustment and development model transformation. The development of low-carbon cities is not only a constraint to the future development, but also an opportunity to quickly enter the low-carbon development mode of cities, thus reducing climate change and increasing economic benefits.
Application of verb (abbreviation of verb) low-carbon environmental protection concept in urban planning
1, low-carbon life
Low-carbon life actually refers to reducing the energy consumed in life, thereby reducing the use of carbon and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. And by reducing energy and material consumption, reducing waste and garbage in social life, we can achieve the role of emission reduction and energy conservation and promote the development of low-carbon cities. Advocate a simple life and avoid wasting resources as much as possible. The government should encourage and publicize everyone to realize a low-carbon lifestyle, promote the development of low-carbon concepts, change bad habits in the past, and make a contribution to the development of low-carbon cities.
2. Low carbon transportation
(1) To carry out low-carbon urban traffic, we must consider the internal optimization of traffic conditions. In fact, it is a systematic and perfect planning of urban transportation, and the corresponding transportation planning is formulated to minimize carbon emissions on the basis of saving energy and resources. On the basis of satisfying people's daily traffic life, we should also reduce the pressure on the city as much as possible. For example, the practice in some cities is quite desirable. In addition to building the basic roads of the city, we should also build corresponding expressways, such as subways, and at the same time strengthen the improvement of the public transportation system to improve the efficiency of urban transportation, thereby reducing carbon emissions. It is also necessary to study and explore environmental protection transportation facilities, increase the application of low-carbon concepts in urban transportation construction, and increase urban low-carbon planning.
(2) Do a good job in external coordination of urban traffic planning. Coordinate urban transportation planning with other urban policies, support land planning with transportation planning, and implement the concept of low-carbon city in planning. Then the development of urban traffic and the present situation of the city are comprehensively analyzed and reasonable improvements are made. Really realize the emission reduction and energy saving of urban traffic and meet the needs of the development of low-carbon cities; Establish a reasonable management system, continuously improve people's comprehensive quality, cultivate residents' awareness of low-carbon transportation, form a good transportation concept, and promote the development of low-carbon cities.
3. Low carbon industry
Industrial structure is an important indicator to measure economic development and overall economic quality, an important factor to determine the mode of economic growth, and an important part of energy development demand. From the perspective of industrial structure, heavy industry produces more emissions; From the analysis of industrial structure, the energy intensity of service industry is relatively low, while the energy intensity of industry is relatively high. Therefore, it is necessary to promote low-carbon development by reducing carbon dioxide emissions and increasing added value. On the one hand, increase control over high energy-consuming industries and reduce carbon emissions; On the other hand, we should improve the innovation of production methods, change the previous industrial economy with resource-saving and circular economy, improve the technical level of the industry, and minimize carbon emissions. We should also introduce the concept of low-carbon environmental protection into the industrial adjustment of cities, actively implement the circular economy strategy, change the inherent industrial structure, promote the formation of low-carbon urban economy, and increase the development of cities.
Concluding remarks
With the rapid development of society, urban construction has gradually attracted the attention of all walks of life. However, with the influence of climate change, the increase of carbon emissions affects the rise of global temperature, so carbon emissions are closely related to urban planning. Therefore, the development of low-carbon environmental protection urban planning strategy has gradually developed into an indispensable and important means of urban construction, which is conducive to promoting urban emission reduction and energy conservation, thus reducing air pollution. At present, the development system of urban planning in China is based on promoting the development of national economy. China is in a period of rapid economic development, and its carbon emissions are gradually increasing. The implementation of low-carbon and environmental protection urban planning strategy is also the key to China's economic development.
refer to
[1] Yun Libo, Wei. The influence of urban planning management on urban planning and design [A]. Ministry of Science and Technology.20 14 National Conference on Science and Technology [C]. Ministry of Science and Technology:, 20 14: 1.
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Scientific papers on low-carbon life II
Simple villa design with low carbon and environmental protection
Abstract: Climate change makes people more aware of the importance of developing low-carbon economy. With the promotion of low-carbon concept and the vigorous development of low-carbon economy in China, the word low-carbon design came into being and became one of the hottest topics in the world in the 2/kloc-0 century. At present, China's building energy-saving design focuses on low-carbon design in architectural design, which can enhance China's energy sustainable development strategy. Villa landscape design is an important aspect, which requires a great level of design. Implementing the concept of low-carbon environmental protection and simplicity in villa design is of great significance to the development of villa design.
Key words: low carbon, environmental protection and simplicity; Villa design; way
China Library Classification Number: TU2 Document Identification Number: A
introduce
With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, building materials have developed from a single type to many types. However, our previous environmental awareness was not very strong, which led to industrial pollution, resource waste and environmental damage. For example, unauthorized excavation of plants, barbaric reclamation of cultivated land, littering and burning of plastic products, littering and deforestation have caused environmental pollution. Therefore, people should pay more attention to new low-carbon environmental protection materials. In the past, the decorative materials used by people mainly focused on appearance and function, but now they should not only have function and usability, but also have the functions of environmental protection and secondary utilization. Nowadays, the design concept of environmental protection, green and low carbon has become the main theme of villa design.
First, the villa is simple, environmentally friendly and low-carbon.
Minimalism in villa design began to appear in the 1960s. Mais, a famous master of modernist architecture and design? Van der Rohe put forward a classic design famous saying? Less is more? Lessismore can be said to be an important declaration of minimalism. It can simplify complex buildings and reproduce the basic elements of buildings. It often hides complex and exquisite structures while obtaining simple and bright space. Minimalist aesthetics is not only continued in western modern aesthetics, but also inherited and carried forward in the East. In modern life, we are under too much pressure. People are eager to have freedom and return to the natural living environment and atmosphere. Let our hearts tend to be peaceful, natural and pure. Simple life attitude, environmentally friendly living environment and low-carbon quality of life have achieved harmony between man and nature.
Second, participate in villa architectural design? Carbon?
We often ignore that the construction industry accounts for 50% of the total carbon dioxide emissions, which is much higher than the industrial field and transportation field. Low-carbon design of villa building refers to a design method that uses the advantages of landscape resources to reduce the use of artificial materials in the whole process of villa construction, so as to minimize the emission of carbon dioxide and achieve the purpose of low carbon. Nowadays, low-carbon architectural design has gradually become the mainstream trend of the international construction industry. ? Low carbon economy? The concept of "our energy future: creating a low-carbon economy" was first put forward in the white paper on energy released by Britain in 2003. In detail, low-cost economy is to reduce the energy consumption of high carbon content such as oil, coal and natural gas as much as possible through new energy development, industrial transformation, institutional innovation and technological innovation with the support of the concept of sustainable development. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions, it is expected to protect the ecological environment and develop the economy and society. Effect is a form of economic development.
Third, low-carbon environmental protection design concept
(A) energy structure optimization
In the optimization of energy structure, it is mainly to make rational use of some emerging energy sources and reduce the consumption of mineral resources as much as possible, so as to help people effectively control the emission of air pollution gases. Moreover, in the process of China's industrial development, people can also use relevant technologies to appropriately transform its coal-burning equipment, which not only reduces the cost of industrial production, but also helps to protect the natural environment.
(2) Energy conservation
Energy-saving is a hot topic in recent years, and with the continuous progress of science and technology, people have developed many new energy-saving equipment and technologies, and in the process of villa design, people can also apply these energy-saving equipment and technologies to them, so as to effectively control the energy consumption of buildings. Moreover, planners can also meet the requirements of energy saving, ventilation and natural lighting of low-carbon building structures through the close combination of leaf technology and natural conditions. However, due to the differences of climatic conditions in different regions, designers should also adopt appropriate technical means to save energy according to local climatic conditions when designing their structures.
(3) Save resources
It is also of great significance to adopt building energy-saving materials and technologies in the design of low-carbon and environmentally-friendly villas. It can not only optimize the structure of the villa, reduce the waste of natural resources, but also effectively improve the utilization rate of resources.
Fourthly, the methods and techniques of designing low-carbon environmental protection skills.
(A) the combination of design and natural terrain
Villa landscape design adopts low carbon, environmental protection and simplicity, which means creating an independent villa with certain social and cultural connotation, ornamental function, environmental improvement and use function on a specific terrain. Through its connotation, people's psychological reactions such as emotion, interest, association and empathy can be triggered. The so-called landscape effect. Villa landscape design must make rational use of the terrain, and the selected lots should be flat, slow or steep. In order to reduce the earthwork, the various parts of the villa are organically combined with the undulating terrain. This is one of the important links in villa landscape design, and flat terrain is a favorable condition for flexible layout of building plane. Although sloping fields sometimes bring designers some difficulties in space design. However, in landscape design, we can also make targeted use of spatial characteristics and designers' spatial imagination and design ability, which becomes a favorable factor to create beautiful architectural shapes and make buildings more vivid and expressive.
(B) the integration of design and environmental landscape
The outdoor environment design of ecological villa not only meets the needs of viewing, but also often designs some natural environment scenery in the architectural landscape. In addition, a number of supporting facilities in the suburbs of scenic spots should be designed, and color matching should be designed to realize the icing on the cake of environmental scenery. These sets of borrowing scenery, using scenery, creating scenery and point scenery are integrated into one, which fully integrates the landscape of the villa with nature, giving residents a sense of beauty of nature, and at the same time embodying the subtle sense of fluency between architecture and natural environment, and truly embodying the ecological concept. Beautiful curtains, cliffs, bluestones, green trees and other natural landscapes can be said to be the unique advantages of villas, which are also enjoyed by other architectural landscapes. Architects can make full use of the characteristics of their natural scenery, so that residents can enjoy the charming scenery around them.
(C) the use of landscaping technology
Use static electricity in landscape design Borrow scenery? Still dynamic? Landscaping is the two most basic elements in villa landscape design at present. Borrow scenery? That is, borrowing external landscape resources, such as mountain streams? Cultural attractions? . ? Beautifying it is to create existing scenic spots in the community and improve the existing living environment. The harmony between the two forms the so-called double-view villa, which is also an important selling point of many villa projects. In the construction of the interior landscape of the community, it is divided into? Natural scenery? And then what? Artificial beautification? . First, the internal natural conditions, such as hillsides, rivers, trees and so on. , rational utilization, to achieve the purpose of saving resources and effective use of resources. The second is to invest a lot of money and cost to create artificial landscapes. The techniques of landscape design are increasingly diversified, including both localized elements and imported products, both traditional styles and bold and avant-garde works. However, the technology of landscape construction has always been valued and favored by many designers. Similarly, take the high-grade villa in Yang Shulin, Caolaoji Town, Huaishang District, Bengbu as an example. There are many kinds and quantities of trees around the villa area, and there are patches of greenery in the field of vision. Longzi Lake not far away is the first choice for borrowing scenery. At the same time, the overall landscape style of the villa area is mainly private, quiet and natural, which makes people linger.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Application of low-carbon and simple design concept in villa design
The design of low-carbon villa covers a wide range, but the main contents of the design can be summarized into three aspects. These aspects have certain internal relations with each other: First, the spatial organization in low-carbon villa design mainly includes plane layout. First of all, we need to fully understand the original intention of architectural design, and have a deep understanding of the functional analysis, overall layout, people movement and structural system of the building. When designing low-carbon villas, we should improve, adjust and recreate the space and plane layout. Secondly, the interface design of low-carbon villa landscape mainly refers to the design of all enclosures, partitions, walls, floors and flat roofs. In the whole landscape, the shape, graphic lines and texture of all landscape interfaces constitute a reasonable design. Thirdly, the lighting design of low-carbon villas mainly refers to the relationship between natural lighting and artificial lighting in the environment. Lighting can not only meet the lighting requirements of people's normal working and living environment, but also meet certain lighting effects, which plays a role in setting off the atmosphere for indoor and outdoor environments.
Concluding remarks
With the improvement of living standards, people's living space becomes larger and more free. At the same time, it puts forward higher requirements for the environment in which we live. Environmental protection indoor and outdoor environment is more popular, and simple design style and private personal space have gradually become the new fashion. Under the guidance of this style, the design of villas should tend to be optimized and environmentally friendly. By using green building materials and technologies, the design of villas tends to be low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and more importantly, it can bring people a more comfortable and high-quality living environment.
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