What are the six nutrients the human body needs? Nutrition is a reasonable food for human beings to repair old tissues, proliferate new tissues, generate energy and maintain physiological activities. Substances in food that can be absorbed and utilized by the human body are called nutrients. So what are the six nutrients the human body needs?
What are the six nutrients the human body needs? 1 1, moisture.
All kinds of water account for about 70% of the total human body, which shows the importance of water.
2. Inorganic substances
This substance is composed of various inorganic salts. It plays a role in maintaining the osmotic pressure of the human body and is also a component of various organs and tissues.
3. protein
One of the three major production substances is an important substance that constitutes the tissue structure of human body.
4. Fat
One of the three major production materials is the most important energy storage material for human body, and it is also the material that constitutes various organs and tissues of human body.
5. carbohydrates
In other words, sugar is the most important substance to provide energy for human body among the three major production substances, and it is also very important in forming various tissues of human body.
6. Vitamins
Although the amount of vitamins needed by human body is very small, they are indispensable and play an important role in all aspects of human life activities.
What are the six nutrients the human body needs? 2 1. If protein regards the human body as a building, then protein is the building material of this building. Important components of human body: blood, muscle, nerve, skin, hair, etc. Are made up of protein. Protein also participated in the renewal and restoration of the organization; Regulate human physiological activities and enhance resistance; Protein is also productive, providing energy for children's growth and development, so it is one of the productive nutrients.
2. Fat is an important part of human tissues and cells. It is absorbed by the human body, providing twice as much heat as the same amount of protein or carbohydrate. Fat is an important reserve form of human energy supply; Fat is also beneficial to the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins; Maintain normal physiological functions of the human body; Body fat can insulate heat, reduce body heat loss, and support and protect various organs and joints in the body from damage.
3. Carbohydrate is the most important heat source of human body, participates in many life activities, and is an integral part of cell membrane and many tissues; Maintain normal nerve function; Promote the metabolism of body fat and protein.
Vitamins are a kind of compounds necessary to maintain normal physiological functions of human body. They do not provide energy, nor are they structural components of the body, but they are absolutely indispensable in the diet. For example, long-term deficiency or lack of a certain vitamin can cause metabolic disorder and pathological state, resulting in vitamin deficiency.
Minerals are indispensable to human beings. It is another nutrient, including elements needed by human body, such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc and copper. Minerals are important raw materials of human tissues, which help to regulate acid-base balance, muscle contraction, nerve reaction and so on.
6. Water is an important condition for human beings and animals, including all living things. Water can transport all kinds of substances necessary for life and eliminate unnecessary metabolites in the body; Promote all chemical reactions in the body; Regulate body temperature by releasing a lot of heat through unconscious water evaporation and sweat secretion; Joint synovial fluid, mucus in respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract all have good lubricating effect, tears can prevent dry eyes, and saliva is beneficial to moistening throat and swallowing food. The six nutrients needed by human body are: sugar, fat, protein, water, inorganic salts and vitamins. Among them, sugar, protein and fat are substances that supply human energy. The six nutrients mainly come from eight categories of food: cereals, eggs, milk, roots, meat, fish, shrimp and shellfish, beans, dried fruits, vegetables and melons.
What are the six nutrients the human body needs? 3 protein.
From single cells to complex human organs (organs), protein is the basic substance, and protein is the foundation of life. Protein mainly exists in human muscle tissue, and the rest exists in blood, skin, soft tissue, hair, bones and teeth, accounting for about one third of these tissues. The heat supply in protein accounts for 10% of the total energy required by human body. Therefore, adults need to consume 70-80 grams of protein every day, while developing teenagers need to consume 80-90 grams. Protein is rich in animal foods, such as meat, eggs, fish and plant foods, such as beans.
fat
Fat is an important part of human body, which is divided into lipid and neutral fat. Lipids include phospholipids and cholesterol, and neutral fats, also known as triglycerides, are widely distributed around the skin, abdominal cavity, organs and muscle space. Fat accounts for about 13% of human body weight, and women are higher than men. The heat production of fat accounts for 16%-20% of the total energy required by human body, and the daily requirement of adults is 50-70g. Eating too much will increase the burden on the digestive system and make it easy to suffer from obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The sources of fat mostly come from milk, egg yolk and plant seeds, such as peanuts, soybeans, sesame seeds, walnuts and other foods.
carbohydrate
Carbohydrate, also known as sugar, is a component of the human body. It is the main source of human energy and plays an obvious role in maintaining health. Adults have about 65,438+0,000 grams of carbohydrates. Carbohydrate is the most effective and economical energy source for human body. Heat can be generated half an hour after a meal, which is the main energy source of the human body. The average adult needs 480-600 grams of carbohydrates every day. Cereals, potatoes, beans, sugars, fruits and vegetables in food are the main sources of carbohydrates.
vitamin
Vitamins are essential for maintaining life and low-molecular-weight organic compounds necessary for maintaining human life and health. Some vitamins are some enzymes and important components in the body, and enzymes are catalysts for biochemical reactions. Therefore, without vitamins, there would be no human life activities. Vitamins not only participate in the most basic metabolic activities of the human body, but also enhance the anti-inflammatory, disinfection and detoxification functions of the body, which can improve the body's ability to resist diseases.
mineral salt
Inorganic salts, also known as minerals, are composed of inorganic elements, accounting for 4% of human body weight. Due to the different contents of inorganic salts in human body, it can be divided into macro elements and trace elements. There are seven elements: calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, sodium, chlorine and magnesium, which are abundant in the body. Trace elements include iron, copper, zinc, iodine and selenium. These are relatively few in the human body. Inorganic salts have many functions in human body. It builds human tissues, makes bones hard and supports the body. At the same time, it exists in cells, blood, nerves, muscles and other tissues, forming the soft tissue of human body. Inorganic salts can be dissolved in body fluids, which can strengthen various physiological functions of the human body and keep the human body in a relatively balanced state. The supplement of inorganic salts also comes from daily diet.
water
The water content in the human body accounts for about 60% of the body weight, which is distributed in various tissues, organs and body fluids of the human body, excreted through the skin and urine, and constantly absorbed from the outside to supplement, so as to maintain the balance of water in the body. If protein is the foundation of life, then water is the cradle of life. Because water is the solvent of nutrients, the solvent of metabolites and the medium of all reactions in the body. The digestion and absorption of nutrients, the exchange of substances, the circulation of blood, the synthesis of new tissues and the excretion of waste and toxic substances are all inseparable from water. In addition, water can lubricate joints, muscles and body cavities, keep skin soft, regulate human body temperature and protect human tissues and organs. Ordinary adults need 2000-3000 ml of water every day, and they can get enough water through food and drinks.