First, disease knowledge
Lung cancer mostly originates from bronchial mucosa epithelium, also known as bronchial lung cancer, and the onset age is over 40 years old, with more males than females. According to the location, it can be divided into central lung cancer and peripheral lung cancer. According to histological types, it can be divided into squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma (undifferentiated small cell carcinoma), adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma. Early asymptomatic, some patients have irritating dry cough with blood in sputum. Cancer can cause chest pain, chest tightness, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever and other symptoms. Compression of recurrent laryngeal nerve by advanced cancer can cause hoarseness, dysphagia, emaciation, fatigue, dyspnea and other symptoms.
Second, diet.
Strengthen nutrition, encourage patients to drink more water, eat light, digestible, high-protein, high-calorie and high-vitamin foods, and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. No irritating food, no smoking, no drinking. Tell your family to pay attention to the color, smell and taste of food, and often change varieties to improve your appetite.
Three. Rest and activities
After operation, instruct patients to get out of bed early and exercise shoulder joint activities, such as lifting arms, climbing walls and shoulder joint activities, to prevent shoulder joint stiffness and disuse atrophy. Pay attention to rest and ensure sleep. When physical conditions permit, do more activities within your power.
Fourth, medication guidance.
When chemotherapy, choose thick and straight, avoid joints, scars, redness and other parts for venipuncture, do not use the same vein continuously, and place a central venous catheter if necessary. Inform the patient that the puncture arm should not droop and the mobility should not be too large during infusion to prevent drug extravasation and local tissue necrosis. If the puncture point is uncomfortable during infusion, report it to the nurse immediately.
Five, discharge guidance
1, explain the harm of smoking to patients and guide patients to quit smoking. Tell patients to avoid contact with dust, smoke and chemical irritants. Maintain oral hygiene and prevent oral diseases.
2. Instruct patients to continue the exercise of shoulder joint and respiratory function on the surgical side, so as to promote postoperative functional recovery. Activities should be carried out step by step to avoid excessive fatigue.
3. Inform patients to develop good eating habits, eat a high-protein, high-calorie and digestible diet, and increase the body's resistance.
4. Keep the indoor air fresh, ventilate regularly every day, try to avoid going to crowded public places to prevent colds.
5. Ask patients to regularly check blood routine and liver and kidney function, and see a doctor in time if they feel unwell.