I. Explanation of Nouns
1、p7 2、p9 3、p 13 4、p36 5、p40
Second, indefinite multiple choice questions
1、ABCD 2、ABCD 3、ABD 4、ABCD 5、A
6. 7 BC, 8 AD, 9 ABC, ABCD 10, ACD.
Third, question and answer.
(1) What are the main psychological disorders faced by modern people?
1, assessment knowledge points: the knowledge points assessed in this question are the manifestations of psychological disorder in chapter 1.
2. Common mistake: No complete answer.
3. Tips and methods for answering or solving problems
First, the original values are being dissolved, the new values are not established, and there is no value label that can be used as the yardstick of life, which leads to value confusion.
Second, the psychological imbalance is getting more and more serious.
Third, the speed of knowledge updating has increased people's study and employment pressure.
Fourth, the network dependence group is expanding.
Fifth, the lack of sense of belonging has spread among some people.
Note: There are five psychological maladjustments faced by modern people, which are expounded in textbooks for reference.
(2) Briefly describe the four mental health standards proposed by Taiwan Province scholar Huang?
1, knowledge points of assessment: the knowledge points of this topic assessment are Chapter 65438 +0 mental health standards.
2. Common mistakes: confusion with mental health standards put forward by others.
3. Tips and methods for answering or solving problems
First, a mentally healthy person has a job, from which he can exert his wisdom and ability and achieve success. He is willing to work and can get satisfaction from his work.
Second, mentally healthy people have friends. He is willing to associate with people and can establish good relations with them. Moreover, when people get along with each other, the positive attitude is often much more than negative.
Third, a mentally healthy person has a proper understanding of himself, and then he can accept himself. He is willing to work hard to develop his physical and mental potential, and he can safely accept irreparable defects without unnecessary resentment.
Fourthly, a mentally healthy person can keep good contact with the real environment, make correct and objective observation of the environment and make sound and effective adaptation. He can deal with all kinds of problems in life pragmatically, without trying to escape.
Note: This question examines the mental health standards proposed by Huang, and there are four items in a * * * *. Other western psychologists have also proposed mental health standards, which should be distinguished.
(3) Compare the characteristics of pessimists and optimists?
1, knowledge points for assessment: The knowledge points for assessment in this question are the styles of pessimists and optimists in Chapter II.
2, common mistakes: inaccurate description of their own characteristics.
3. Tips and methods for answering or solving problems
(1) The characteristics of pessimists
(1) worst-case scenario. ② Careful psychological arrangement makes anxiety concrete.
(2) The characteristics of optimists.
Always have confidence in the future. ② Problem-solving-centered approach. ③ Respond positively to setbacks.
Note: We should compare their characteristics and describe their respective characteristics completely and accurately.
Fourth, material analysis questions
(1) Explain the relationship between psychology and healthy life by analyzing the following two examples.
( 1)
super virus
According to the British magazine "The Lancet-Infectious Diseases" published on August 20 10, a new unexplained disease is prevalent in some countries. Some western doctors call it "New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1", or NDM- 1 for short. Because many patients have traveled in India or Pakistan and received treatment, the researchers speculate that the bacteria carrying NDM- 1 may have originated in the Indian subcontinent. It is reported that the disease can be spread through drinking water and other ways, and the symptoms are intestinal infection. This new type of bacteria is resistant to almost all antibiotics and has a high mortality rate. It is reported that this virus is resistant to any antibiotic, that is, there is no cure for people infected with this virus.
(2) There is an example in Witchcraft Witness translated by the Soviet Union: a criminal was sentenced to death for murder, and people told him that he would be cut off and executed. People took him to the execution ground, showed him instruments of torture, a scalpel, blindfolded him, then cut his arm (but not his skin), and then leaned against his arm with a thin stream of warm water.
-From the Russian version of Witchcraft Witness.
1, knowledge points of assessment: the knowledge points of this topic assessment are the relationship between psychology and healthy life in chapter 1.
2. Common mistake: inaccurate material analysis.
3. Tips and methods for answering or solving problems
The example of super virus makes us understand that medicine can't solve all the physical safety problems needed for a healthy life, and the example in Witchcraft Witness makes us understand that once psychological problems appear, it will have a great impact on the body. Combine the two, that is: a healthy life must be a strong and energetic state. Psychology pays attention to the promotion and maintenance of health, social stability, the improvement of quality of life and the use of health care expenses. A large number of daily life experiences have proved that dangerous behaviors and lifestyles are the main causes of diseases and abnormal deaths. Scientific research further tells us that healthy behavior is stimulated by multi-factor models such as emotion and motivation, appreciation and punishment, attitude and belief, emotion and characteristics. Naturally, all these strongly confirm the influence of psychology on healthy life.
Note: there are two materials in this material analysis question, so both materials should be analyzed, and then the relationship between psychology and healthy life should be found out.
(2) Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) is one of the most famous mental health test scales in the world. The contents of the table below are obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Please complete the self-test in the table below and analyze it.
1- never 2- very light 3- moderate 4- severe 5- severe.
Question score
There are unnecessary thoughts or words hovering in my mind.
Great forgetfulness
Worried about your neat clothes and good manners.
Find it difficult to finish this task.
You must be satisfied with your work and make sure that you do it correctly.
Things must be checked again and again.
It is difficult to make a decision.
My brain is empty.
Can't concentrate
Be sure to wash your hands and count repeatedly.
1, assessment knowledge points: the assessment knowledge points of this question are-—SCL90, chapter 65438 +0.
2, common mistakes: did not correctly analyze their own situation.
3. Tips and methods for answering or solving problems
Note: The above questions should be filled in by students according to the actual situation. After filling it out, it will be analyzed according to the score.
Compulsive symptoms. Mainly refers to those meaningless thoughts, impulses and behaviors that you know are unnecessary but can't get rid of. Some general behavioral signs of cognitive impairment are also reflected in this factor. The score of this subscale is between 0 and 40. When the score is above 0, the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder are obvious. If the score is below 0, the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder are not obvious. Generally speaking, the higher the score, the more the individual can't get rid of some meaningless behaviors, thoughts and impulses, and may show some behavioral signs of cognitive impairment; The lower the score, the less obvious the individual is in this symptom and there is no compulsion.
(3) What does the following example illustrate?
The story of the last straw
In order to know how much weight the old camel can bear, the owner put straw on its back and put a bundle of straw on it, which made the camel very relaxed. Then put a bundle of straw, and the camel stood up straight; Then put a bundle of straw, and the camel is safe and sound; Then put a bundle of straw, and the camel will remain; Then ... until the end, there was only a straw left on the ground. When the last straw was put on the camel's back, I didn't expect the old camel to be a spent force and couldn't bear the pressure of the last straw, and the camel fell instantly.
1. assessment knowledge points: the assessment knowledge points in this question are the cumulative effect of pressure in chapter 2.
2. Common mistakes: the analysis of the problem in the material description is wrong.
3. Tips and methods for answering or solving problems
Usually, major events in life can easily lead to stress, such as major illness, divorce, bankruptcy and so on. , known as the "stress boulder"; In addition, some small troubles in life can also bring stress to people, such as losing your keys, finding that you don't have your wallet after lunch, and finding a flat tire when the appointment time is approaching. This is called "stress gravel". When several things that can bring stress to people happen at the same time, psychological pressure will increase sharply, especially when several major accidents happen one after another, people may be on the verge of collapse, or even completely collapse. This is the cumulative effect of stress, that is, the more serious, the more times, the longer the duration, the greater the impact.
Note: one of the key points of this problem is the cumulative effect of stress, which can be explained to some extent.