Liquid laundry detergent can dissolve quickly, which can make detergent play a more full role. Compared with washing powder, the product has lower alkalinity and mild performance, and will not harm the fabric. At the same time, the washing effect of liquid laundry detergent is better than washing powder.
Compared with soap, washing powder will produce a lot of waste water, especially the use of phosphorus-containing washing powder. This has also increased a series of environmental pollution. Phosphate in phosphorus-containing washing powder can stimulate algae to multiply in water. The death of algae will overload the aquatic ecosystem, cause eutrophication and form a "dead zone". Therefore, it is recommended that you use more soap and less or no phosphorus-containing washing powder.
Usually I wash clothes by hand with soap. When I need machine washing clothes or sheets and quilts to wear next to me, I will definitely use laundry detergent. I only use washing powder when I machine wash heavy clothes such as jeans and jackets.
I usually refer to the instructions on the detergent for the amount of washing powder, because the clothes I wear every day are not very dirty, so I usually only put a minimum amount of washing powder. Many people have an illusion that the more washing powder is used, the cleaner the clothes will be. In fact, if the washing powder is used in excess, it will accumulate in clothes and washing machines, and the clothes will not be cleaned.
After being stained with washing powder, your hands will feel greasy, which is difficult to remove by washing with water, and your skin will feel itchy and burning when it comes into contact with a high concentration of washing powder solution. I read a document that about 0.5% detergent on the skin will penetrate into the blood, and if there is a wound on the skin, the permeability will increase by more than 10 times. Chemical detergent toxins enter the human body, which will reduce the concentration of calcium ions in the blood, acidify the blood and make people easily tired. Because the harm of this kind of pollution is not obvious in a short time, it is often ignored. However, trace pollution continues to enter the body, and every little makes a mickle will have serious consequences, leading to various pathological changes in the human body. It seems that when washing clothes, people's hands should not directly touch washing powder. It is a good idea to wear a pair of rubber gloves.
At present, there are many kinds of washing powder on the market, such as ultra-concentrated, enzyme-flavored, ultra-decontamination, and fluorescent whitening agent. Each one has its own advantages, so you must first confirm which one you need when buying.
For example, washing powder is often difficult to remove sweat, milk and blood stains from clothes, so there is a product called collar net. Before washing clothes, you can apply it to the collar and cuffs to easily remove these stains. In fact, as long as you buy an "enzyme-added washing powder", you can save this process. There is a biocatalyst called alkaline protease in enzyme washing powder, which can digest stubborn protein dirt, so the cleaning effect is particularly good. However, alkaline protease needs the right temperature to show its talents. It is most active at 50 degrees Celsius, but it will fail at 70 to 80 degrees Celsius. Therefore, in the instructions of enzyme-added washing powder, it is specifically stated that "it is forbidden to dissolve in boiling water". I don't know if you have noticed. (China Quality News)
Washing powder not afraid of seawater
What kind of detergent does not produce "bean curd residue" in seawater, and what kind of detergent does not use oil as raw material? They are synthetic detergents represented by washing powder. More than a hundred years ago, it was accidentally discovered that castor oil reacted with sulfuric acid to obtain a kind of "Turkish red oil". Washing clothes with it is still very good in seawater, and it will not produce annoying "tofu residue". This event inspired scientists. With the development of petrochemical industry, scientists used by-products of petroleum refining and benzene, chlorine, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide as raw materials to synthesize hundreds of detergents by artificial methods.
Synthetic detergents, like soap, also have "dual characteristics"-both lipophilic and hydrophilic. However, it does not have the shortcomings of soap, and it maintains good decontamination ability in all kinds of water, and it does not need to use precious oil as raw material. Now even the raw materials of soap are changed into fatty acids oxidized by by-products of oil refining, and soap can be renamed as "synthetic soap"!
In addition to solid washing powder, synthetic detergent also includes liquid detergent and detergent. Some detergents add fluorescent whitening agents, which can make white clothes whiter and brightly colored clothes brighter; There are also some detergents with no foam or less foam suitable for washing machines and dishwashers. However, detergent can't clean sweat, milk and blood stains on clothes. The reason is that protein in these dyes is a large polymer, which is very closely combined with fibers and difficult to decompose. There is a biocatalyst called alkaline egg self-enzyme, which can "digest" stubborn protein dirt and disassemble protein macromolecules into small molecules that can be dissolved in water. Scientists mixed it into detergent to make "enzyme-added washing powder", which increased the ability of "digesting" protein dirt, and the effect of washing clothes was particularly good. However, alkaline protease needs the right temperature to show its talents. It is most active at 50 degrees Celsius and has the strongest ability to digest protein. When heated above 70 or 80 degrees Celsius, it will fail. Therefore, in the instructions of enzyme washing powder, it is specially marked: Do not dissolve it with boiling water!
Synthetic detergent also has its shortcomings! There are many detergents containing phosphorus, and there is a kind of phosphate fertilizer in the fertilizer. When domestic sewage enters rivers and lakes, there are more "fertilizer elements" in the water, which makes various algae in the water more, so there is less oxygen in the water. Fish will die! This is also the danger of red tide!
Harm of phosphorus-containing washing powder to the environment and human beings themselves
1 current situation of water pollution in China
At present, the annual output of washing powder in China is about 2 million tons. Based on the average phosphate content 1.5%, about 300,000 tons of phosphorus-containing compounds are discharged into surface water every year, and 1 g of phosphorus can make algae grow 1.00 g. According to the investigation of authoritative departments, almost all lakes in China are in a state of eutrophication because of too much phosphorus. Chaohu Lake, one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China, has water quality exceeding the standard by 3.4 times, resulting in algae all over the lake and stinking every summer. Dianchi Lake, a tourist attraction that attracts Chinese and foreign tourists, is no longer drinkable, because it discharges phosphorus uncontrollably, which exceeds the national standard of surface water quality in five areas. "Chihu" occurred in the offshore, and the seawater discoloration caused by red plankton propagated by phosphorus occurred 5 0 times in China only in 1 9 9 2.
1990, 1994, 1995 Due to the release of nutrients such as ammonia and phosphorus in the sediment of Taihu Lake, serious pollution incidents occurred: the water quality of Wuxi Meiyuan Waterworks deteriorated to produce odor, and the waterworks stopped working, leaving citizens with no water to drink, resulting in billions of dollars in losses. In the past, the blue waves of Taihu Lake became turbid, black and smelly, which made people unable to associate with the beautiful scenery of Taihu Lake depicted in memory.
In the Chaoshan area of Guangdong province, where the river network is densely covered, there has been an "anecdote" of "keeping the river to buy water to drink" in recent years; The downstream water quality of Fengjiang River, the second largest river in Chaoshan area, has dropped sharply to the point of "unfit for drinking". Hundreds of thousands of people in Jieyang City and Chaozhou on both sides of the strait spend 20 million to 30 million yuan on drinking water every year, all of which are caused by more than 30 million tons of phosphorus-containing domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharged directly upstream from Chaozhou City every year.
According to incomplete statistics, there are hundreds of washing powder manufacturers with a certain scale in China at present, with an annual production and sales volume of nearly 2 million tons. However, there are only five non-phosphorus washing powder manufacturers applying for national environmental label certification, and the output is less than 5% of the total. It is these five companies that produce both phosphorus-free washing powder and phosphorus-containing washing products.
2. Water eutrophication
The dirty clothes were cleaned by the magic of washing powder. However, the purifying agent phosphate in synthetic washing powder is the "culprit" that causes eutrophication of lakes and other water bodies!
Eutrophication refers to the phenomenon that water contains a large number of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen needed for plant growth, which leads to the explosive reproduction of algae and other plankton, the decline of dissolved oxygen in water and the deterioration of water quality, resulting in a large number of deaths of fish and other organisms. Eutrophication usually occurs in lakes, estuaries, bays and other closed or semi-closed waters with slow water flow and easy accumulation of nutrients. When the water body is eutrophic, a large number of plankton often make the water surface appear red, brown and blue. This phenomenon is called "red tide" in the sea and "water bloom" in rivers and lakes. Since the beginning of this century, there have been many "water blooms" and "red tides" around the world. For example, Lake Erie in North America is seriously eutrophic and is facing the crisis of "death"; The frequent occurrence of "red tides" in Seto Inland Sea in Japan has brought huge economic losses to fishery production. The situation in our country is also not optimistic. According to the survey, 63.6% of lakes in China have reached the level of eutrophication due to pollution, among which Taihu Lake, Dianchi Lake and Chaohu Lake are seriously polluted. There have been many "red tides" in Bohai Bay near Tianjin.
The source of eutrophication pollution lies in the massive discharge of phosphorus-containing and nitrogen-containing wastewater, mainly including domestic sewage, industrial wastewater (such as food and fertilizer production industries) and farmland drainage. Domestic sewage is the sewage produced in our daily life, including kitchen washing water, toilet washing water, bath water and so on. Generally, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is very high, and phosphorus-containing washing powder is one of the main sources of phosphorus pollution in domestic sewage.
What are the consequences and hazards of water eutrophication? First of all, a large number of plankton will make the water that was originally clear as a mirror turbid and colorful. Secondly, the remains of plankton such as algae are decomposed by microorganisms, which continuously consumes dissolved oxygen in water and reduces dissolved oxygen. In addition, some plankton fragments are deposited at the bottom of the water body and rot, producing toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide. In addition, some plankton also secrete toxins. These will cause serious damage to the aquatic ecosystem, lead to a large number of fish deaths, and seriously affect fishery production. In addition, due to the high content of nitrite and nitrate in eutrophic water, people and animals will be poisoned and sick if they drink it for a long time.
5 toxic side effects of washing powder
Precautions have been added to the outer packing instructions of many washing powders. These precautions are as follows: 1. Store this product in a cool and dry place and keep it out of the reach of children. 2. If you accidentally eat or get into your eyes, please rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention in time. Wash your hands after using any cleaning products. 4. Don't use it to clean dishes, vegetables, fruits and food. This shows that washing powder has toxic side effects and reminds people to pay attention to this.
The harm of synthetic washing powder to human body can not be ignored. Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate is a synergistic carcinogen, but as a surfactant, it is one of the main components of washing powder. Because benzene is a fat-soluble substance, the residual benzene on unwashed clothes will not only irritate the skin and cause itching, but also penetrate into the human body through the skin, which may induce diseases over time. Optical brighteners are also carcinogens, which can deform human cells and cause dermatitis and skin itching. Environmental pollution caused by sewage discharge from phosphorus-containing washing powder is one of the six carcinogenic factors.
You should try to use soap powder without phosphorus, benzene and fluorescent agent, or choose washing powder with low phosphorus and benzene. At the same time, pay attention to the toxic side effects of washing powder, don't use it indiscriminately, and clean it after use. This is not only environmentally friendly, but also beneficial to health.