Explanation of terms in health assessment

The commonly used test terms in health assessment include body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, heart rate, respiratory rate, lung function, electrocardiogram and so on. The following are their detailed terminology explanations.

1, body mass index

The full name of body mass index is body mass index, and Chinese is body mass index. Body mass index is a numerical value calculated according to an individual's height and weight, which is used to evaluate a person's weight status. Usually used to determine the level of underweight, normal weight, overweight or obesity.

2. Blood pressure

Blood pressure refers to the pressure exerted on the blood vessel wall when blood flows in the artery. Usually expressed by two numerical values, namely diastolic blood pressure (when blood pressure is the lowest) and systolic blood pressure (when blood pressure is the highest). The blood pressure of normal adults should be kept within the normal range.

3. Cholesterol

Cholesterol is a lipid substance, which is a part of many important chemical reactions in human cells and bodies. Cholesterol exists in different forms of apolipoprotein in blood, and high cholesterol level is related to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

4. Blood sugar

Blood sugar refers to the concentration of glucose in the blood, which is an index to measure glucose metabolism in the body. Hyperglycemia may be a sign of diabetes, and hypoglycemia may be a sign of insulin overdose or other diseases.

5. Heart rate

Heart rate refers to the number of heartbeats per minute. Normal heart rate depends on an individual's age, sex and health, and is determined by measuring pulse or electrocardiogram.

6. Breathing frequency

Breathing frequency refers to the number of breaths per minute. Normal breathing frequency varies with age, health status and physical activity level. The respiratory frequency of normal adults is usually between 12-20 beats/min. Respiratory frequency is influenced by many factors, including age, physical activity level, emotional state and physical health.

7. Lung function

Lung function refers to the health and function of the respiratory system. Pulmonary function tests are usually used to evaluate parameters such as vital capacity and maximal expiratory flow rate. Lung function test provides information about lung elasticity, ventilation function and airflow limitation, which helps doctors to evaluate lung dysfunction.

8. Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram is called ECG in English. Electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart by connecting electrodes to specific positions in the body. It can display the rhythm of the heart, the function of the cardiac conduction system and detect the psychological changes of heart disease. Electrocardiogram can be used to diagnose and monitor a variety of heart diseases, such as arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy and so on.