What characteristics should a healthy mental state have?

Human health includes both physical and psychological aspects. There are clear standards for physical health, such as growth and development, maturity and aging, as well as some normal indexes of human physiological movement, such as body temperature, blood pressure and heartbeat. However, due to the influence of social and cultural background, the standard of mental health is rather vague. At present, there is no uniform mental health standard in the world. Therefore, the description of its characteristics is more complicated and difficult than physical health. Freud, the greatest psychologist in the twentieth century, attributed the characteristics of mental health to love and work ability very early. In a book, he listed some common characteristics of mentally healthy people: maintaining reason and balance; Have a sense of self-worth; Ability to love; Have the ability to establish and maintain intimate relationships; Can accept all kinds of possibilities and limitations in reality; The pursuit of work is compatible with one's talent and educational background; I can feel some inner peace and satisfaction, and make myself feel that my life has not been wasted. Modern psychologists tend to describe the characteristics of a mentally healthy person like this: this is a dynamic and happy person who is loved and loved; He (she) faces the challenges of life with confidence, devotes himself enthusiastically to work and gives full play to his potential; He (she) can gain insight into the outside world, cope with the challenges encountered and formulate reasonable life strategies; He (she) will not exaggerate or belittle his ability at will; His (her) evaluation of himself and others is based on reality. Because it is more difficult to describe characteristics, psychologists often use mental health standards to replace psychological characteristics. At present, scholars at home and abroad generally believe that mental health has 1 1 standard, and people who basically meet this 1 1 standard can be considered as mentally healthy people. 1. Have a moderate sense of security, self-esteem, and feel "valuable" about self and personal achievements. Know yourself well, don't brag too much, and don't be too hard on yourself. 3. In daily life, it has moderate spontaneity and sensitivity and is not enslaved by the environment. 4. Appropriately accept personal needs and have the ability to meet such needs. 5. Be self-aware, know your motivation and purpose, and make an appropriate estimate of your ability. 6. Keep good contact with the real environment, tolerate setbacks and blows in life, and don't have excessive illusions. 7. Can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality, personal values can be changed according to different social standards, and can concentrate on their own work. 8. Life has a realistic purpose, and most of the jobs that individuals engage in are practical and feasible. 9. Have the ability to learn from experience, be able to adapt to the needs of the environment and change yourself. 10. Be able to establish a harmonious relationship with others in the collective and pay attention to the needs of the collective. 1 1. Under the principle of not violating the collective, I can maintain my own personality, have an independent point of view, have the ability to judge right from wrong, good from evil, do not flatter others excessively, and do not seek social recognition excessively. Some scholars have put forward simpler standards from another angle. They believe that judging a person's mental health depends on whether he or she is consistent with most people, especially those of the same age and gender. Therefore, the standard of mental health should include: (1) normal intelligence. Normal intelligence is the basic condition for a person to live, study and work. In psychological counseling, I found that most visitors have this. By speaking and observing the words and feelings of visitors, it is easy to determine whether the intelligence of visitors is normal. Generally, psychological tests are not needed. (2) Emotional stability. Emotional stability and optimism are the main signs of mental health. On the contrary, it is moody. This does not mean that people with mental health are not depressed, but that their positive emotions are more than negative ones, and their emotions are in a relatively balanced state. (3) Harmonious interpersonal relationship. Harmonious interpersonal relationship is an important symbol of mental health. A mentally healthy person can trust and respect others, put himself in others' shoes and let others understand him in an appropriate way. So no matter in which unit, the relationship with classmates and colleagues is very harmonious. Be close to parents and other family members. A mentally healthy person will not have any contradiction with others, but can actively and effectively solve the contradiction when it happens and let others understand him again. (4) act consciously and decisively. This is another important sign of mental health. Mentally healthy people have a clear purpose in everything they do. After careful consideration, they make a decisive decision, and they will not blindly or hesitantly implement their decision. Saying and doing are by no means the same thing. This doesn't mean that you can't change your decision, but that you can't change your decision easily. (5) Love studying, living and working. A mentally healthy person loves life under any circumstances and finds it interesting; Love learning, such as learning foreign languages, computers, professional knowledge and other related knowledge, and regard learning as an indispensable part of life; Love work, not only go to work on time, but also work creatively and work hard to complete the task, taking the shared work as a pleasure. (6) correct self-concept. This is also an important condition for mental health. Having a correct self-concept means: knowing your strengths and weaknesses, actively developing your strengths and consciously improving your weaknesses; Don't be arrogant because of your advantages, and don't feel inferior because of your shortcomings; Always make progress without knowing enough, and feel happy and optimistic about your achievements. These standards are interrelated. A person's mental health is not necessarily manifested in all aspects, but often in several aspects.