Parkinson's health education

The legend of ancient neurosurgery in China can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms period in the 3rd century, when Hua Tuo, the imperial doctor, performed brain surgery on patients with anesthetics. Cao Cao went to Huatuo for treatment because of head disease. Hua Tuo suggested an operation, but Cao Cao killed Hua Tuo because he suspected that his behavior was improper. Although in 1930s and 1940s, a few surgeons and neurologists in China had operated on craniocerebral trauma, brain abscess and brain tumor, but the number was small, the types were limited and the curative effect was poor. 1949 the birth of the new China has brought opportunities to the development of neurosurgery in China. Following the establishment of neurosurgery in Tianjin (1952) and Shanghai (1953), clinical work of neurosurgery has been carried out in many provinces and cities in China. Especially in the spring breeze of reform and opening up in 1980s, neurosurgery in China has developed rapidly. According to incomplete statistics, there were only 10 neurosurgeons in China in the 1950s, and it increased to more than 8,000 in the 1990s, including more than 3,000 attending physicians. Large and medium-sized hospitals in China have opened neurosurgery, equipped with modern facilities and equipment, and comprehensively carried out the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in neurosurgery. In some affiliated hospitals of medical colleges, clinical basic research and teaching of neurosurgery have been carried out, and remarkable results have been achieved. However, what is not commensurate with the rapid development of neurosurgery clinical work in China is the lag in publishing comprehensive reference books and teaching materials. For example, before the 1980s, there were almost no comprehensive monographs on neurosurgery in China. Professor Xue Qingcheng, who died after 1980s, edited neurosurgery (1990), and Academician Wang Zhongcheng edited neurosurgery (1998). These two monographs are of epoch-making significance in neurosurgery in China. They are the crystallization of the wisdom and painstaking efforts of the older generation of neurosurgeons in China and have made great contributions to the development of neurosurgery in China.

In the past 10 years, neurosurgery has made rapid progress in all directions. After microsurgery, neuroimaging technologies such as CT and MRI, minimally invasive neurosurgery, neuronavigation, radiosurgery and new imaging technologies such as CTA, MRA, PET and MEG came out one after another, molecular neurosurgery began to rise, and a large number of new knowledge, new theories, new technologies, new operations and new instruments emerged.

The scope of diagnosis and treatment of neurosurgery:

First, head trauma, spinal cord trauma. This may be the oldest disease in neurosurgery, and it may also be the eternal treatment object of neurosurgery.

Second, the brain and spinal cord tumor. Brain and spinal cord, like other organs in the whole body, can produce benign or malignant tumors, but malignant tumors of the nervous system are not called "cancer" like other common malignant tumors. Glioma is the most common intracranial tumor. This is a kind of malignant tumor, with high or low degree of malignancy, some may have no symptoms for several years, and some may only survive for a few months after examination. Other common intracranial tumors include pituitary adenoma, meningioma and neurilemmoma. Intracranial tumor; The clinical manifestations are varied, which has a great relationship with the location of the tumor. Generally speaking, magnetic resonance imaging is the most commonly used examination method for intracranial tumors. The common schwannomas in spinal cord tumor are schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas. Similarly, magnetic vibration inspection is also a necessary inspection method in spinal cord tumor.

Third, cerebrovascular diseases. With the improvement of people's living standards, the incidence of diabetes, hypertension and abnormal lipid metabolism has soared. Subsequently, the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases also showed an upward trend. Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is the most serious complication of hypertension with high mortality and disability rate. Surgical treatment under appropriate circumstances can save lives. In addition, intracranial aneurysms and cerebrovascular malformations are not uncommon, and they are the most common diseases in cerebrovascular surgery. This disease often needs cerebral angiography to be diagnosed.

Four, congenital malformation, such as atlanto-occipital malformation, meningocele, meningocele, meningocele, etc.

Degenerative diseases of cervical and lumbar vertebrae, such as disc herniation and cervical spondylosis. This kind of diseases are mostly treated by neurosurgery abroad, but in China, orthopedic surgeons are often doing this work. In recent years, neurosurgeons in China have gradually carried out surgical treatment of such diseases.

Sixth, functional neurosurgery mainly treats epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. These nervous system diseases can be alleviated by drug treatment or surgical treatment. In other words, there are some diseases that overlap between neurology and neurosurgery. Parkinson's disease and epilepsy can be relieved by oral drugs, but when the symptoms are serious, they can also be relieved by surgery.

In addition, there are stereotactic neurosurgery, surgical treatment of peripheral nerve diseases, and treatment of diseases such as orbital sinus and ear lesions that invade the skull and brain.