At present, the technologies that need to be broken through urgently include controlled nuclear fusion, light speed flight technology and room temperature superconductivity technology. No matter which major breakthrough or success is made, it will cause a great sensation all over the world, and these technologies play an extremely important role in the development of human society. For some time, any technology in this world is extremely difficult to break through.
Controlled nuclear fusion technology. The concept of controlled nuclear fusion technology has been put forward for decades, and the reason why it has been unable to make a breakthrough is because the conditions in controlled nuclear fusion are too harsh. We know that the sun is heated by nuclear fusion. The nuclear fusion of the sun is uncontrollable and spontaneous. The temperature inside the sun is as high as 15 million degrees Celsius, with 300 billion atmospheres. However, at present, human beings can't make such a big atmosphere, so they can only raise the temperature. And this temperature is at least 1 100 million degrees Celsius, but the temperature has increased, and another problem has come again, that is, there is no container that can withstand such a high temperature on the earth, so scientists have come up with a method of magnetic confinement. At present, high-temperature plasma can be confined, but it can't run stably for too long, so there is still a long way to go to realize controlled nuclear fusion. Once this technology is successful, mankind will not have an energy crisis.
Light speed flight technology. Humans have always wanted to fly out of the Milky Way and enter the vast universe, but in view of the slow speed of our aircraft, humans can't wait that long in this life. The only way is to make a light-speed aircraft, which means a huge energy supply, and the power of nuclear fusion is probably not enough. Curvature engine is a feasible idea. However, human knowledge in this field is too limited. In the future, in addition to placing hopes on light-speed aircraft, humans can also try to find wormholes.
Once the artificial uterus technology is successfully invented and popularized, it will have a great impact on human beings. Far from saying, according to the current social situation in China, the fertility rate can be greatly increased, and the pressure on men can be reduced, so it is not necessary to bother to please girlfriends, nor to bear high bride price and RV deposit for marriage. Once the invention is successful, the role and value of modern women will be reduced by at least two thirds. The whole society will not need women so much, and the high status of women will be completely ended.
More than one hundred years have passed since the second year of the miracle of physics. There is basically no special development in basic science, but technology has reached a certain critical point. It is not easy for human civilization to stumble to the present situation. Future interstellar should be the target, which I think will stir up the whole earth's science and technology.
1963, the Soviet scientist Calda Western Europe put forward the concept of three levels of civilization, which he thought could be judged from the energy scale and the scope of space activities. First-class civilization refers to the ability to develop and use all the energy of this planet, remember that it is all. For human beings, it includes the resources and energy on the surface of the earth, the ocean and the interior of the earth. Secondary civilization refers to the ability to develop and utilize all the energy of the star system. Take the solar system as an example. When human beings can make full use of the energy of the sun and other celestial bodies, human civilization will enter the secondary civilization.
The third civilization is the advanced civilization at the top of the pyramid in the universe, which refers to the ability to develop and utilize all the large galaxies in which it is located. Taking human beings as an example, it refers to the ability to use all the resources of the Milky Way to reach any corner of the Milky Way. Judging by this standard, the current level of human civilization is about 0.73, which is far from the first-class civilization.
If this is the standard and direction, then the science and technology that can stir the earth can start from the three cutting-edge scientific and technological fields of life science, quantum mechanics and artificial intelligence.
The first thing to develop is quantum mechanics. Because its development means the progress of basic science. In fact, everyone can feel that more than 100 years have passed since Newton's first year of physical miracle in 1666 and Einstein's second year of physical miracle in 1905, and there is basically no progress in basic science, just like the basic physics in the three-body seems to be locked up. So far, we can't break through the limitation of relativity and still play in three-dimensional space. Once a breakthrough like the two miracle years of physics is achieved, it will drive the whole human civilization into a new era. The hope lies in the great unity theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, that is, the great unity of the four basic forces we often say.
Of course, even in the development stage of quantum mechanics, we have already seen the dawn of quantum computer, just like the revolutionary impact on human science and technology after the birth of the first electronic computer more than 70 years ago. Nowadays, computers work by manipulating one of two states, namely 0 and 1. Quantum computers are not limited to two states. They encode information into qubits, which can be superimposed. Quantum dots represent atoms, ions, photons or electrons and their respective control devices, which work together as the memory and processor of a computer. Because binary O and 1 are in a superposition state, this means that a general computer can calculate the n power of 2 once (n depends on the quantum state, for example, a computer with 500 qubits can calculate the 500 power of 2 every step). Theoretically, ordinary quantum computers are tens of thousands of times more powerful than today's most powerful supercomputers.
Why are quantum mechanics and quantum computers so important? Because artificial intelligence is based on algorithms, computing power and data. No matter how much data is processed, the application of algorithms and the improvement of computing power, the current computer performance needs to be further improved, faster and stronger. It's a pity that Moore's Law has encountered a big problem of overheating of the circuit board, and it has to be improved by improving the volume (supercomputer) and connection ability, but it is only an improvement at the physical level after all, and it can't achieve exponential qualitative change.
Of course, another direction of quantum mechanics is also very important, that is, the theory of high-dimensional space, which points to the realization of long-distance navigation through wormholes caused by space-time bending. According to the equation of mass and energy, it takes a lot of energy to open such a space, which I will say at the end.
What needs to be developed is artificial intelligence when the computing power is guaranteed. The possible harm to human beings is not discussed here, but only its practical function.
At present, artificial intelligence is vaguely divided into strong artificial intelligence and weak artificial intelligence. The alpha dog that amazes us belongs to the typical weak artificial intelligence of the second generation, that is to say, we are in the middle and lower level of weak artificial intelligence at the node of 20 19, and we are conscious of reasoning and solving problems. You can think independently and find the best solution to the problem. Smart phones with their own values and world outlook system still have a long way to go and have begun to enter a bottleneck period. But the maturity of quantum computer will help artificial intelligence break through the singularity and approach strong artificial intelligence infinitely (I always think that the intermediate state between weak artificial intelligence and strong artificial intelligence is the safest).
I don't need to say more about the significance of developing artificial intelligence. It can liberate human hands and feet to the maximum extent, and its efficiency is much stronger than manual labor. It not only greatly liberates productive forces, but also enables human beings to begin the evolution process of "thinking creatures".
When quantum mechanics and artificial intelligence are improved, then human beings are not far from eternal life. There is no clear order here. Under normal circumstances, the three areas should develop simultaneously and promote each other. )
Whether it is transplanting necrotic organs through 3D bioprinting, cloning memory transplantation through brain-computer interface, or combining semi-silicon and semi-carbon life to achieve immortality, it is not difficult to achieve with the blessing of quantum mechanics and artificial intelligence. In fact, there are signs of a breakthrough in brain-computer interface.
Well, we need one last step. After this step, our civilization can basically colonize the planet.
Facts have proved that nuclear energy, whether nuclear fusion or nuclear fission, is too weak in front of this grand universe, even in front of the solar system. Humans need to find new and more powerful energy to drive spacecraft and even open wormholes. Then, the dark matter discovered in the new century may give us hope. Of course, as more particles are discovered, there may be more powerful energy driven by us, but only with the great development of quantum mechanics and artificial intelligence.
Oh, yes, the most important premise is that human beings have not destroyed themselves!
1, conquer cancer. Health always comes first. If the treatment of cancer is as simple as taking medicine for a few days as a cold, it is definitely the gospel of all mankind!
2. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension and rheumatoid diseases have been overcome, and at least a reversible and cured method has been found, which can definitely make more than half of the families see the hope of rebirth!
3. The disability caused by acquired environmental or mechanical trauma can be completely repaired, that is, the legendary "broken limb rebirth", "blind people see the light again", or hair loss regeneration and so on. I believe no one will object to putting health first!
4. Self-learning and self-evolution of intelligent robots. I won't say much about this. It is estimated that it will really come true, not only a global sensation, but also a fear!
5. The perfect connection between the chip and the brain. That is, the legendary "chip implantation" technology, if it is really realized, it is estimated that what is human will be redefined? For example, according to the proportion of body and machinery? Still divide people by chip type!
6. Quantum technology has made a breakthrough. It is not the entanglement of tiny particles invisible to the naked eye in the laboratory stage, but refers to macroscopic objects. In short, if it is to be realized, the "time teleporter" and "instant portal" in science fiction movies will make you feel that interstellar travel is just a blink of an eye, much faster than any "superluminal" aircraft, and the key is much more reliable!
7. The discovery of extraterrestrial life. Please note that it is not an alien. That's not reliable either If aliens really come to the earth, they will rush to the technological height they have reached and let you ancient earth barbarians discover their existence? Don't be naive! However, it is an epoch-making event that human beings can find alien life, even if only some fungi or algae are found deep in the crust of Mars! In the vast universe, human beings are finally no longer lonely!
8. The last invention pays tribute to Yuan Longping: If human beings can invent a kind of food which can be produced quickly and in large quantities, has various tastes and is very safe, there will be no need for land cultivation. That is the true gospel of mankind! Thousands of years of human civilization history is actually a land dispute and a war. If you can reproduce without land, you can avoid war and internal friction. More importantly, we are really qualified to set foot on the earth and travel in the stars.
In fact, basic science has been stagnant for two or three hundred years. Now the so-called science and technology is only based on the application of basic theory 300 years ago. It's too difficult to break through!
It's no use talking too far, just saying that it is closely related to everyone's daily life. The current battery technology needs to be upgraded urgently. Who can break through the next generation of graphene battery technology and bring a competition? At present, the battery reserve is 5- 10 times of the same volume, and the battery life is easy 1500 km, which greatly relieves mileage anxiety. Mobile phones can be used once a week, and all industries that use batteries or can't use batteries now can break the rules through technological breakthroughs.
Since last year, German cockroaches
Started breaking into my house.
I started my cockroach killing campaign.
At first I used traditional cockroach medicine.
It began to work, and three days later, the cockroach came again.
Then I went to Baidu to check all kinds of methods to kill cockroaches. Then practice one by one at my house.
Used products are:
Cockroach house
Cockroach bait
spray
Cockroach ointment
Each kind, used for the first time, has a good effect, and can kill a large number of cockroaches once used.
But,
A few days later, Comrade Cockroach revived with blood and frequently appeared in my kitchen.
Up to now, more than a year, I have no idea. The way I kill cockroaches now is to shoot them directly and feed them to the fish.
If there is a technology that can stir up the world without high technology, and you can have a medicine that can kill my cockroaches and make them not appear again, you will surely win the Nobel Prize.
Killing gravity: anti-gravity propulsion device
Killing death: the technology of eternal life
Killing distance: superluminal and wormhole
Mastering energy: the acquisition, storage and release of star-level energy
Mastering time: crossing freely
1, genetic modification
Once successful, maybe everyone will have super powers, mutants will come out of the screen and become a reality, and then human beings will have the ability to change the world. I don't know if this is a good thing or a bad thing.
This should be one of the problems that human beings want to solve most at present. The Ebola virus has ravaged many countries, killing countless people. China has also sent rescue teams for many times. If antibodies can be invented to cure this disease, it will inevitably attract great attention from the world.
Hybrid rice can be said to have saved the world, but the environment of the earth is deteriorating. Global warming has seriously led to forest fires and frequent earthquakes, and floods and mudslides have washed away farmland after farmland. With the continuous development of the earth's population, human beings may face the serious problem of food shortage within several decades. At this time, a crop can be developed to harvest a large amount of food in a small area and solve the problem of human eating in the world.
As one of the most intractable diseases that cannot be solved by human beings at present, the mortality rate is still high. Once you have cancer, it means that one leg has stepped into the grave, especially in the late stage of cancer, and even surgery can't prolong your life. If cancer is conquered and becomes a curable disease, the average life expectancy of human beings will be greatly improved.
This should be what most people expect, to go back to the past to recall who they used to be and to see what they will be like in the future.
The combination of human and robot has both human thinking and an indestructible body like a robot. For example, the popular human brain interface not long ago, whether running or jumping, can greatly improve the computer's ability to quickly calculate big data search.
Diseases and accidents always exist around us. If there is no possibility of survival after the accident, you can directly extract the thinking of radio waves at this time. Brain waves record the memory and consciousness of the deceased before his death, and put them in the virtual world preset by the computer. Even if the body dies, the soul will not disappear.
A: Normal temperature superconductors, controlled nuclear fusion, quantum computers, strong artificial intelligence, life sciences, etc. Once these science and technology are broken, human civilization will have a leap.
300 years ago, the classical mechanics established by Newton and others achieved the first leap of human civilization. In the last century, the emergence of quantum mechanics and relativity led to the second physical miracle.
Now 100 years have passed, and human basic physics has not developed much, but science and technology have made great progress. Humans are still exploring some of these technologies. Once a breakthrough is made, it will affect the whole process of human civilization.
19 1 1 year, scientists first found that the resistance of mercury disappeared at 4.2K, and then found superconductivity in more materials. After the development of 100 years, the temperature of superconductors has been raised to about 140K, which has been applied. However, the ultra-low temperature required by superconducting materials limits the application scope.
Therefore, room temperature superconducting materials have become the "holy grail" in materials science. Once human beings find room temperature superconductors, it will greatly promote the development of human beings in various fields. For example, our electronic equipment can be made smaller and thinner, and the efficiency of all electrical equipment will be greatly improved, and even floating buildings and cars will appear.
At present, human energy mainly comes from fossil fuels, but the reserves of fossil fuels on the earth are limited, and the energy problem will become the biggest problem facing mankind at the end of this century; Although mankind has mastered the controllable nuclear fission technology, the scarcity of fissile materials and the disposal of nuclear waste determine that nuclear fission technology is only a transitional scheme.
This problem does not exist in controlled nuclear fusion. If we fuse deuterium and tritium in one liter of seawater, the energy released is equivalent to the calorific value of 300 liters of gasoline. If helium -3 is used as nuclear fusion material, it will be an ideal clean energy source. Therefore, controlled nuclear fusion technology will greatly promote the development of human civilization.
The principle of quantum computer was theoretically verified by scientists as early as 30 years ago, but it is very difficult to realize. At present, the development of scientific computers has encountered a bottleneck. If human beings want to achieve higher computing power, traditional computers can only start with scale.
The working principle of quantum computer is completely different from that of traditional computer. The most amazing thing about quantum computer is that it can realize distributed operation. For example, it takes thousands of years for a traditional computer to decompose a 256-bit number, while a quantum computer only takes a few seconds. Once the quantum computer goes out of the laboratory, it will change the existing world pattern.
Artificial intelligence is no stranger to people, but all the artificial intelligence we come into contact with at this stage is actually not real artificial intelligence, but the result based on data and algorithms.
Strong artificial intelligence refers to a machine with real self-awareness, which can complete independent reasoning and solve problems, but artificial intelligence is a double-edged sword, which may bring good news or destruction to mankind.