First, adhere to the guiding ideology of "health first" and cultivate students' health awareness and physique.
Adhering to the guiding ideology of "health first" is to promote the healthy development of students' physiological, psychological and social adaptability through the teaching of physical education and health courses. The ultimate goal of sports skill teaching is to improve students' health, so physical exercise is the means, improving health is the purpose, and means serve the purpose. Therefore, the high school physical education and health curriculum will abandon the teaching concept of competitive sports and dilute the competitive teaching methods. Whether it is the establishment of curriculum objectives, the selection of curriculum content, or the adoption of teaching methods and evaluation methods, it should be carried out around the guiding ideology of "health first".
Exercise-shaping a healthy body. "Health" is not only the absence of disease and weakness, but also the perfection of body, mind and society. In recent years, influenced by the National Physical Training Standard, there is a general phenomenon of "what to test and what to teach" in school physical education teaching content, and the physical education classroom teaching method is also deeply influenced by competitive sports, which attaches importance to sports skill training and ignores the healthy development of students' body and mind. This physical education curriculum reform has seriously summed up the experience and problems of physical education teaching since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and positioned the physical education and health curriculum as: taking physical exercise as the main means, taking physical education and health knowledge, skills and methods as the main learning content, and improving the health of high school students as the main purpose. Therefore, the physical education curriculum reform boldly transformed the original physical education curriculum, established the guiding ideology of "health first", constructed a new target system, and added two new aspects: mental health and social adaptation. Obviously, "Curriculum Standard" further develops to adapt to students' physical and mental characteristics and individual needs, and puts more emphasis on letting students experience the fun of sports, develop in harmony with physical and mental health, cultivate noble sentiments and shape a beautiful personality. If teaching is carried out according to this curriculum standard, students will learn something, practice well, and develop healthily in body, mind and personality.
Second, reform the course content and teaching methods, and strive to reflect the times of the course.
Reforming the content and teaching methods of physical education curriculum is not a total denial of traditional content and teaching methods, but an abandonment of backward physical education curriculum content and teaching methods. On the basis of inheriting the fine tradition, we should boldly reform and be determined to innovate, so that the content and teaching methods of physical education courses are conducive to mobilizing students' enthusiasm and improving their learning effect. Schools and PE teachers should provide diverse learning contents for students to choose from as much as possible to meet students' needs and improve their interest in learning. At the same time, we should attach importance to the connection between the content of physical education curriculum and students' life experience and reality. Physical education teachers should change the single teaching mode of indoctrination-acceptance and adopt diversified teaching methods to improve students' ability of autonomous learning, inquiry learning and cooperative learning; It is necessary to change the teaching method that overemphasizes demonstration and explanation, give students more space for independent study and practice, and let students study and practice in a way that suits them and improve the learning effect.
With the emergence of new knowledge, new methods and new achievements, knowledge is not the most important, but how to master it is the most important. Learning to learn has become the development trend of educational reform today. The task of education is not only to impart knowledge, but also to help students master learning methods, so as to cultivate students' awareness and ability of lifelong learning. It is necessary to change the current situation of over-emphasis on learning, rote learning and mechanical training, advocate students' active participation, willingness to explore and diligence in practice, and cultivate students' ability to collect and process information, acquire new knowledge, analyze and solve problems, communicate and cooperate. Physical education and health curriculum in senior high school emphasizes changing the traditional teaching method of indoctrination-acceptance, and does not exclude the guiding role of teachers and students in imitating and accepting learning. In physical education teaching, teachers still need to demonstrate and explain, but don't spend too much time. What they need is guidance and inspiration, so as to give students more time and space for activities as much as possible, so that students can have enough time for autonomous learning, inquiry learning and cooperative learning. If teachers talk less about students, they may learn more. Rogers once pointed out: "To figure out how to teach is to figure out what to keep your mouth shut. . . . . . Most of the time. " Teachers don't have to fully explain to students, but should inspire and guide students to understand. Only in this way can students really understand and learn sports knowledge and skills.
3. Pay attention to the development of students and help them learn to learn.
The teaching of physical education and health courses should be centered on students' development, and all links from course design to course implementation should fully respect students' emotions and needs, so that students have the opportunity and right to choose learning content and learning methods, so that students can have a pleasant experience in physical education learning and exercise, thus improving their learning interest and enthusiasm; In the teaching of physical education and health courses, while paying attention to the leading role of teachers, students should be established as the main body. Teachers' teaching is for students to learn better, and teachers' leading role should not be divorced from students' dominant position. Physical education and health curriculum advocates a new learning mode of self-determination, inquiry and cooperative learning, in order to improve students' innovative spirit and ability and promote students to learn to learn. It cannot be understood that advocating a new learning model is to encourage "herding sheep" teaching.
The emphasis on students' development in senior high school physical education and health curriculum refers to paying attention to students' psychological feelings and emotional feelings in the process of physical education teaching, making efforts to make students take physical education learning and activities as their own internal needs, generating a strong desire for knowledge and inquiry consciousness, thus improving their physical education learning and activity ability. In the process of physical education teaching, teachers should think more about how to teach effectively from the perspective of students; Paying attention to students' development does not exclude teachers' leading position and guiding role in physical education teaching. Teachers still need to demonstrate and explain in the teaching process, and still need to guide students to correct wrong actions. However, teachers should not overemphasize their own role, and should leave students as much time and space as possible for autonomous learning, inquiry learning and cooperative learning, so that students can release their emotions, experience pleasure and gain more knowledge and understanding in sports activities.
Fourth, pay attention to the formation of students' sports hobbies and specialties, and lay the foundation for students' lifelong sports.
The traditional high school physical education curriculum requires students to learn many sports, which leads to the situation that some students learn everything but are not good at anything, which makes many students dislike or even hate physical education class and lose their interest and confidence in learning sports. The implementation of optional learning is a bright spot in senior high school physical education curriculum reform, which plays an important role in improving students' interest in learning, developing students' sports hobbies and specialties, enhancing students' sense of self-worth and cultivating students' awareness and ability of lifelong physical education.
German educator Dostoevsky said: "The essence of teaching art is not to impart skills, but to inspire, awaken and inspire." Interest is the best teacher. Interest and hobby are not only of great significance to students' learning process, but also have a positive effect on the realization of the ultimate goal of the course. Only by stimulating and maintaining students' interest in learning and promoting students to form sports hobbies and specialties can students take physical exercise consciously and actively, and can students take sports activities as an indispensable part of their lives and form the consciousness and ability of lifelong sports. According to the survey, there are 66 residents in China 16. 74% people don't take part in any sports activities, and a considerable part of them lack interest in sports, which is the third reason for not taking part in sports activities. A survey in 2000 also showed that students were afraid of fatigue (54. 5%), no favorite items (5 1. 3%) and no habits (50%) ranked in the top three. It can be seen that there are many reasons why students can't actively participate in physical exercise after entering the society, but the indifference to physical activities and the lack of hobbies are the main reasons. These situations show that it is of great significance to emphasize students' learning interests and hobbies in the reform of physical education curriculum.