I. Purpose of the investigation
With the rapid development of stomatology industry, the social demand for stomatology-related talents is constantly changing, which puts forward new requirements for the cultivation of professional talents. In order to obtain the market demand analysis of stomatology, the post demand and professional quality requirements of denture processing enterprises, the running status of similar higher vocational colleges, and promote the exchange of experience in professional construction, we have formulated specific research questions for the above problems. In the process of investigation, based on the above questions, we conducted in-depth analysis through questionnaires, symposiums and interviews. , combined with the problems directly or indirectly reflected by the respondents, so as to promote the construction of stomatology technology specialty.
Second, research objects and methods
1. Research object
This time, 7 13 questionnaires were distributed to middle-aged and elderly residents in Suzhou, and 62 1 questionnaire was effectively recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 87. 10%. According to the demand of denture processing enterprises for talents, interviews and discussions were conducted, and a total of 16 surveys were conducted. The survey units were 19, including 8 in Shanghai, 7 in Nanjing, 2 in Suzhou, Wuxi 1 and Changzhou 1. In the survey of brother colleges, higher vocational colleges with stomatology major in East China were selected, and questionnaires were distributed 10, and questionnaires 10 were recovered, with a recovery rate of 100%.
2. Contents and methods of investigation
The oral restoration survey of middle-aged and elderly people in Suzhou adopts stratified random sampling method, selects three districts in Suzhou, designs targeted questionnaires with reference to the relevant tables of the third national oral health epidemiological survey, and enters the community to investigate the denture restoration needs of the elderly. Check and record the tooth loss and restoration of each subject, and do not record the third molar. At the same time, the denture restoration situation and denture restoration types of the investigated population were recorded. SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Investigation of industrial enterprises, visiting Shanghai Jingci Denture Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Nanjing Times Denture Manufacturing Co., Ltd. and other 19 units for investigation, to understand the personnel composition, talent demand and professional ability requirements of industrial units. After the investigation, the investigation data were deeply analyzed and discussed, so as to comprehensively analyze the market demand, industry prospect, employer's talent demand, post professional ability requirements and professional construction of stomatology, and provide a basis for the reform and improvement of talent training program.
Three. Arrangement and analysis of research information
1. stomatology market demand analysis
Among 62 1 patients, 58 cases (9.34%) had complete dentition, and 90.66% (563 patients) needed oral restoration. The dentition defect rate was 78.58%. Among them, there were 327 cases of denture restoration, and the denture restoration rate was only 58.08%. The number of cases that have been repaired, partially repaired and not repaired are 188, 139 and 24.69 respectively, accounting for 33.39%, 24.69% and 4 1.92% respectively. In this survey, the complete dentition rate of middle-aged and elderly people in Suzhou was 265,438+0.465 and 438+0%. There was no statistical significance between different genders and age groups, which was lower than that reported by Cheng Ruibo and Liu Zhenxing. 90.66% patients need dental restoration, which is higher than the proportion of middle-aged and elderly people (89.4%) who need to wear dentures in the third national oral epidemiological survey. It may be related to the local sweet diet and high incidence of dental caries. The denture restoration rate of middle-aged and elderly people in Suzhou is 58.08%, which is higher than 42.6% in the third national oral health epidemiological survey and higher than the results reported by Cheng Ruibo and others. It may be related to the higher level of local economic development and the better awareness of oral health care among residents. However, there are still a large number of middle-aged and elderly people who fail to carry out denture restoration treatment in time.
2. Analysis of talent demand in industrial enterprises
According to the investigation of denture processing enterprises, the employees in the enterprises are mainly distributed in the age group of 20-35, and the existing employees have technical qualifications above the middle and senior level, accounting for 17.9%, and those who have not received formal vocational education and training and have a secondary school education or below account for about 53%. At the same time, another feature of employees is that the turnover of employees is relatively large, all above 10%, and some even reach 50%, mainly because there is no relevant entry threshold in China at present. According to professional analysis, the ratio of restorers to dentists should reach 1:2 to ensure the quality of restorations. At present, the industry is changing from labor-intensive to high-tech level. After formal vocational education and training, dental technicians with skilled professional skills are still in a serious shortage, with a large demand and a high income level. In addition, due to the high mobility of personnel, related enterprises need to supplement a large number of dental technicians every year.
3. Analysis of the demand of industrial enterprises for talents' professional ability
The survey found that enterprises generally believe that stomatologists should not only have solid professional knowledge of stomatology, material properties, and basic knowledge such as setting 97 1 for use, but also master the skills of making dentures, integrate theory with practice, constantly improve from practice, be familiar with the specific reality and relevant regulations of enterprises, and strictly demand themselves to do every link of making dentures, so as to become a qualified stomatologist. For the current level of professional skills of graduates, three units think it is good; 13 companies believe that basic standards and intensive training can still meet the needs of enterprises; Second, generally speaking, the practical ability after graduation can not meet the work needs quickly; 1 The family thinks it is poor. It shows that the professional skills of graduates majoring in stomatology technology are relatively weak in the eyes of employers, and there is still a lot of room for improvement. It also reminds us that in the future teaching work, we still need to promote professional construction and educational and teaching reform to improve students' professional practical skills. The survey shows that the academic performance of talents recruited by employers is no longer the only criterion for evaluating students' quality. Enterprises pay more attention to the cultivation of ability and the requirements of responsibility and moral integrity. In addition to the professional quality requirements, the professional technicians of stomatology technology also need to have the sense of responsibility, team spirit, ethics, communication ability, learning ability, foreign language level and computer level, among which 10 unit pays the most attention to the sense of responsibility, accounting for 53%; Four people think it is physical exercise, accounting for 2 1%, followed by communication ability, team spirit and learning ability.
4. Analysis of professional education in similar colleges and universities
Through the investigation, it reflects some problems existing in the professional development of major universities. First of all, there is a gap between professional skills education and enterprise production practice, and there is a certain disconnect between teaching and production practice. The main reasons are that the main body of colleges and universities is single, and the industry information is not timely understood, and the teachers are out of touch with the industry, which leads to the backwardness of practical teaching and the development of the industry. Colleges and universities have also taken corresponding measures to solve this problem, such as deepening the cooperation between schools and enterprises, making use of the resources and information advantages of enterprises, and improving the level of professional education. 10 brother colleges and universities cooperate with high-quality industrial enterprises to develop talents. Among them, 3 imported enterprises "set up factories on campus", 8 imported technical personnel to participate in professional teaching, 2 carried out "order-based" talent training, and 9 cooperated with enterprises to formulate talent training plans, mutual employment of personnel, professional construction and teaching and research. Secondly, the ability to cultivate abilities other than professional skills is relatively weak. Brother colleges generally believe that modern enterprises pay more and more attention to the comprehensive quality of employees, and this shortcoming is also the weak link of school education at present, and it is difficult to cultivate a certain quality through a course. All schools have made some explorations in the cultivation of comprehensive quality. Eight schools set up career planning courses, three schools strengthened the construction of medical humanities courses, and 10 schools consciously strengthened the cultivation of students' comprehensive quality through social practice, community activities and other forms.
Four. conclusion and suggestion
1. There is a great demand for highly skilled personnel in stomatology.
According to the survey, the number of middle-aged and elderly people who need dental restoration in Suzhou is as high as 90.66%, and the proportion of middle-aged and elderly people who need to wear dentures in the third national oral epidemiological survey is also 89.4%. However, the actual denture restoration rate is less than 60%, and there are still a large number of middle-aged and elderly people who fail to carry out denture restoration treatment in time. Coupled with the economic development and the improvement of people's living standards, as well as the arrival of China's aging society, the demand for prosthodontics medical market is growing, which has spawned a large number of denture manufacturing enterprises and a large number of dental technicians. With the continuous improvement of dental technology and methods, the development and application of new materials, the emergence of new equipment and the integration of computer-aided design and production research, the industry has put forward more and higher requirements for dental technicians, skill levels and comprehensive quality. After short-term training, the hired personnel can no longer meet the needs of industry development. The applied skilled talents trained by higher vocational colleges are well received by enterprises, and there is a great demand for talents.
We should set up a comprehensive course combining work with study as soon as possible.
The integration of theory and practice of work-integrated learning is a curriculum setting mode that combines theoretical teaching with practical training and professional teaching with production practice. Its core feature is "the combination of theoretical study and practical study; Promote the development of students' cognitive ability and establish a sense of professional identity; Combining theory with practice; Comply with the development law of professional ability and follow the technical and social norms; The combination of school education and enterprise practice ". Creating the teaching mode of combining work with study and constructing the course system of combining work with study, students can realize the unity of learning knowledge and skills, process and method, emotional attitude and values through the overall feeling and reflection on production tasks, processes and environment, which is conducive to the skilled mastery and effective application of professional skills.
3. School-enterprise cooperation in running schools, and vocational skills education closely follows the development of the industry.
Pay more attention to school-enterprise cooperation in running schools, actively explore in Industry-University-Research, establish a long-term mechanism combining Industry-University-Research, absorb the intellectual and material resources of society, industry and enterprises, and enter the teaching process. Participate in and integrate into the training of professional talents in specialty setting, training scheme and teaching operation, further accelerate the construction of teaching staff and practice base, realize the combination of school and society, teachers and students and workers, teaching and production practice, and build flexible and diverse talent training modes and ways that meet the needs of economic and social development and conform to the actual situation of the school.
4. Pay attention to comprehensive quality training to meet the needs of employers.
Strengthen career planning education, enhance students' interest in studying majors and improve their recognition of majors. The university stage is a critical period for the formation of professional identity. In order to improve students' interest in learning and professional identity, universities and enterprises must shoulder the responsibility. In publicity and education, colleges and universities should inform students of the broad prospects of this industry, and students' sense of identity will be continuously improved through continuous learning. Schools should strengthen medical humanities education, strengthen the cultivation of students' post adaptability, cultivate down-to-earth and step-by-step work spirit, and improve students' sense of responsibility and enthusiasm for work. When students are in school, help them form a positive and optimistic attitude and work with a rational, realistic and peaceful attitude. Before graduation, a series of lectures and reports will be organized in combination with students' general concerns and ideological hotspots, and successful employers and alumni will be invited to come to the school for exchanges, so as to help the graduating students form a correct outlook on life from a macro and personal perspective. At the same time, schools and enterprises should make full use of the internship period to train students to adapt to their jobs. Schools should formulate internship regulations according to the requirements of enterprises, so that students can feel that there is no difference between work and internship, and help students get familiar with their professional environment and responsibilities as soon as possible.