1. ECG: It reflects the electrical activity process of heart excitement and has important reference value for the basic function and pathological study of the heart. Electrocardiogram can analyze and distinguish various arrhythmia; It can also reflect the degree and development of myocardial injury and the functional structure of atrium and ventricle. It has reference value for guiding heart surgery and guiding necessary drug treatment. However, ECG is not a necessary index to check the heart function. Because sometimes the seemingly normal ECG does not necessarily prove that the heart function is normal; On the contrary, myocardial injury and functional defect do not always show any changes on ECG. Therefore, ECG examination must be combined with a variety of indicators and clinical data for comprehensive analysis in order to make a correct judgment on the functional structure of the heart.
2. Echocardiography and intravascular ultrasound: Echocardiography can examine the heart shape, wall motion and left ventricular function, and it is one of the most commonly used examination methods at present. It is unique in the diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Intravascular ultrasound is a promising new technology, which can determine the shape and stenosis of coronary artery.
3.x-ray plain film: You can observe the shape and volume of the heart. In recent years, the development of color Doppler ultrasound technology has gradually replaced X-ray plain film, but it is still a basic examination and has its application value.
4. Myocardial enzymology examination: It is one of the important means of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. According to the sequence changes of serum enzyme concentration and the increase of specific isoenzymes, acute myocardial infarction can be diagnosed clearly.
5. Coronary angiography: It is the "gold standard" for diagnosing coronary heart disease. It can be clear whether there is coronary artery stenosis, the location, degree and scope of stenosis, and can guide the measures to be taken for further treatment. Combined with left ventricular angiography, cardiac function can be evaluated.
6. radionuclide myocardial imaging: according to the medical history, when angina pectoris cannot be ruled out by ECG examination, this top examination can be done. Radionuclide myocardial imaging can show the ischemic area and determine the location and scope of ischemia. Re-imaging combined with exercise test can improve the detection rate.
7. Blood pool imaging: it can be used to observe the dynamic images of ventricular wall contraction and relaxation, and has important reference value for determining ventricular wall movement and cardiac function.
8. The most basic and important examination is auscultation in the heart valve area and percussion in the voiced area, which is a basic skill of cardiologists and plays an irreplaceable role in other instruments.
There are many cardiac examinations, among which the above items are commonly used. Please forgive my incompleteness.