Many friends don't pay enough attention to high uric acid, thinking that "high uric acid is just painless and nothing to be afraid of".
That was not the case. High uric acid, like "three highs", is a chronic disease, which will increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. At the same time, about 5%~ 15% uric acid will eventually develop into gout and damage joints and kidneys.
Once myocardial infarction, stroke and renal failure occur, it is extremely harmful and even life-threatening. Therefore, friends with high uric acid and gout must be prepared to fight the disease for a long time.
To this end, the health headline summarizes the following five suggestions. I hope friends with high uric acid and gout can do the same.
one
Foods high in purine and fructose are restricted.
Diet can reduce serum uric acid by about 10%~20% or 70 ~ 90 mol/L.
High uric acid and gout should avoid high purine foods, such as viscera, some seafood and thick soup. At the same time, avoid drinks or foods containing high fructose, such as soda and fruit juice. A large intake of fructose will also increase blood uric acid and even induce gout. Drinking alcohol is strictly prohibited during the onset or progress of gout.
And cows, sheep, pork, seafood and other foods with high purine content should be restricted, but they can't all be eaten. The human body needs this meat to provide protein and other necessary nutrients.
2
Moderate exercise is beneficial.
Moderate exercise is not only beneficial to the control of hyperuricemia and gout, but also beneficial to hypertension and hyperglycemia.
You can do more than 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise every day, and you can choose swimming and Tai Chi.
If gout has caused joint damage, it is best to do less exercise such as climbing mountains and squatting, which will increase joint weight.
three
Lose weight for health.
Obesity will not only increase the formation of uric acid, but also reduce its metabolism, so it is more prone to gout attacks.
If keeping your weight within the normal range can keep you healthy, then the uric acid level will also drop.
Obesity is measured by general body mass index: body mass index = weight (kg) divided by the square of height (m).
Body mass index 18 to 24 years old belongs to normal body shape. More than 24 is overweight, and more than 28 is obese.
It is also found that the ratio of waist circumference to height is related to gout attacks, and the greater the ratio, the more frequent the attacks. Therefore, friends with a "general's belly" should also pay attention to their body shape.
However, weight loss should be gradual. It is appropriate to lose 0.5~ 1 kg per week. Don't lose weight quickly, otherwise it will easily lead to gout attacks.
four
Drinking water is an economical and effective way.
For gout, drinking plenty of water can not only prevent gout attacks, but also be part of the treatment. Lack of water can induce gout attack, and serum uric acid will also decrease after moderate hydration.
In order to promote uric acid excretion, the daily urine output should be above 1.5L, preferably around 2L.
Therefore, it is recommended to drink more than 2L of water every day. Boiled water, light tea and soda water containing sodium bicarbonate are good choices.
five
Standardize the medication of gout.
Urine acidity is high, so don't take medicine. You should consult an endocrinologist or rheumatologist yourself.
Drugs are the most direct and effective treatment. Drugs for gout are mainly divided into uric acid lowering drugs and painkillers.
Treatment of gout attack
Within 24 hours after the onset of pain, take non-steroidal drugs, colchicine or glucocorticoid selectively according to the doctor's advice to relieve the pain.
In the case of sufficient pain relief, you can continue to take uric acid-lowering drugs.
Uric acid reduction therapy in remission stage
Drugs for reducing uric acid include allopurinol, febuxostat and phenylbromarone. Allopurinol and febuxostat can inhibit the synthesis of uric acid, while benzbromarone can promote the excretion of uric acid.
You don't have to take all these drugs. Which one is suitable and how much to take depends on everyone's specific situation and needs to be decided by doctors after comprehensive evaluation.
In addition, gout patients often complain that "gout attacks are more frequent after taking uric acid-lowering drugs". This is not to say that antacids are useless, but the process of lowering uric acid and dissolving urate crystals is really easy to induce gout.
Therefore, in the early stage of uric acid red,
About 20% uric acid in the body comes from diet, and 80% is self-synthesized. There are two main ways to excrete uric acid. About 20~30% uric acid is excreted in feces, and the rest is excreted in urine through the kidney.
Theoretically, the increase of high purine intake, the increase of self-synthesis uric acid and the decrease of renal excretion will increase the blood uric acid level.
In real life, we will find that eating too much high-purine food, losing weight quickly and taking some drugs (such as thiazide diuretics) will increase uric acid.
The onset of gout is mainly related to uric acid overload in the body, and the most direct manifestation is acute or chronic arthritis, which is also commonly known as gout joint pain.
In addition, hypertension, obesity, metabolic syndrome, lack of exercise and excessive drinking are also related to gout.