2. I know little about plastic surgery
Orthopedic knowledge 1. Knowledge about bones.
Do bones scratch? Yes, the bone may be bruised.
Suffering from violent impact or accidental fall can sometimes cause subperiosteal bleeding. Periosteum is a fibrous membrane covering most bones, which contains blood vessels and nerves.
Scratched bones can cause pain, but they usually heal within a few days. If the pain persists or activity is limited, you should see a doctor, and X-rays may be needed to determine whether there is a fracture.
What is an aggressive fracture? What is a non-invasive fracture? The fracture is caused by serious injury, which may be caused by a fall or a heavy blow. A bone is cracked or broken, but the surrounding tissue is not seriously damaged and the skin is not damaged, which is called a non-invasive fracture.
The surrounding tissue is extensively damaged, and the broken bone or adjacent tissue penetrates and protrudes from the skin, which is called an invasive fracture. Injured fracture patients are susceptible to infection and need surgical treatment in most cases.
If it is a minor fracture, just rest, maybe use splint or sling, and the wound will heal itself. In case of serious injury, broken bones must be connected.
After the broken bone is connected, you must stop moving. Plaster can be applied, traction device can be used, and bone position can be fixed with fixed needles and plates. Dislocation? What caused it? How to treat it? Skeleton leaving its normal position in the joint is called dislocation, which is usually caused by violent blow or ligament tear; Ligaments are tissues that bind bones in place and may tear when injured.
Dislocation is usually caused by collisions during exercise, and almost any joint can occur. Symptoms are severe pain, rapid swelling of joints, discoloration and immobility of skin, and joints look deformed at this time.
To cure dislocation, the doctor must reset the bone and fix it as much as possible. What's the difference between tendon and ligament? Tendons are tough banded connective tissues, thin and strong, which connect muscles with bones and drive them.
Ligament is also a tough banded connective tissue, which is more elastic than tendon, connecting adjacent bones and keeping their position. If the range of motion exceeds the limit or overstretches, ligaments and tendons will be damaged.
What disease is tendinitis? How to treat it? Tensitis is inflammation of one of many tendons in the body. Causes include tendon overwork, tendon injury, or muscle tension, which makes the tendon tense at rest. Usually even the synovial sheath is inflamed. Synovial sheath is used to protect tendons and make them slide easily on the surfaces of bones and joints.
If the synovial sheath also has inflammation, it is called tenosynovitis. Tendons connect muscles and bones.
Everyone may suffer from tendinitis, which is most common in wrist, elbow (tennis elbow), heel, shoulder and knee. The symptoms of tendinitis are local pain, swelling and limited activity.
The first step of treatment is to rest the affected area. Ice compress and taking aspirin or ibuprofen can help relieve pain and swelling.
In more serious cases, the doctor will prescribe medicine. After the pain is relieved, the next step is to prevent tendon stiffness; This must be cautious, otherwise it will aggravate the condition.
Patients should do some slow and gentle stretching exercises, stretch the affected limb as much as possible without causing pain, and keep this posture for at least 20 seconds at a time. It is important not to let the affected part become stiff because of inactivity.
If the pain and stiffness do not improve within a week, you should consult a doctor. What is a sprain in medicine? What's the difference between sprain and tendinitis? A sprain is a partial tear of the joint ligament that holds the bones together. It is most common in ankle joints, knee joints and finger joints, and other joints are sometimes sprained.
The symptoms of mild sprain are similar to tendinitis, with local pain and tenderness. Symptoms of tendinitis usually change slowly. In the first few days of onset, the affected part may temporarily bear the weight, but it will be aggravated by lack of rest.
Almost all sprains are caused by direct injuries immediately. Wounds often lose their functions in a short time, usually accompanied by bruises, and it takes a long time to heal. If the ligament is completely torn due to severe sprain, it must be cared for immediately, and it may take several months to recover.
Why does Rosty Yi sometimes feel muscle pain after exercise? Probably because of insufficient warm-up before this exercise, excessive exercise or no exercise for a long time. Muscle contraction during exercise may lead to excessive stretching of muscle fibers; After stopping exercise, muscle fibers swell, and after a few hours, they begin to be stiff and painful.
In fact, strenuous exercise can slightly tear muscle fibers, and muscle fibers will swell at rest, which is part of the rehabilitation process. How to distinguish between muscle tear and lower muscle rupture? Muscle lacerations and muscle fractures are generally caused by overexertion, but there are significant differences between them.
Muscle is stretched excessively, especially suddenly, and some muscle fibers will tear, causing pain, swelling and weakness, which is called muscle traction injury. This is a common injury for athletes who are not fully prepared for action, and generally recover quickly. The whole or part of the muscle is separated from the bone, which is called muscle fracture.
The injured muscle is weak and may need surgery to repair the broken muscle. Leg muscle is pulled, how to relieve pain? If you pull a muscle, you should stop the activity that causes the injury first, then lift the injured leg and ice it to prevent swelling.
The pain usually goes away within a few days, and the injured person should rest his muscles until the pain goes away. If the pain and swelling are serious, you should see a doctor.
If you have to walk around after an injury, you should bandage the leg wound to help support your weight, or use crutches to avoid aggravating the injury. You shouldn't resume your daily activities immediately after a badly torn muscle heals. You should first receive physical therapy to stretch your muscles and enhance your muscle strength.
What is whipping a neck injury? Can it be cured? Whipping neck injuries are usually seen in car accidents, which are caused by jerking the head forward and then jerking it back. The pain and stiffness of the wound sometimes last for a long time. In severe cases, it can lead to spinal cord rupture, numbness of limbs and even death.
The most common neck injury is the tearing or tearing of the muscles and ligaments around the cervical spine. It will take several weeks for the wound to heal. During this period, the injured person must wear a special collar.
Muscle spasms and pains may continue for some time after the injury is healed. Rest, proper hot compress and * * * help to relieve pain and stiffness.
In some cases, taking painkillers and muscle relaxants is also useful, but relying on these drugs may lead to drug dependence. Emotional tension seems to be not conducive to rehabilitation, which may be due to the fact that the head muscles can not get rid of the tension, so the injured should be treated during the healing and rehabilitation period.
2. What is the basic introduction of orthopedics?
Orthopedics is one of the most common departments in major hospitals. This paper mainly studies the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the musculoskeletal system, and maintains and develops the normal shape and function of this system by using drugs, surgery and physical methods.
With the changes of the times and society, the spectrum of orthopedic injuries has changed significantly, such as bone and joint tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, polio and other diseases have decreased significantly, and the injuries caused by traffic accidents have increased significantly. The change of orthopedic injury spectrum requires orthopedics to keep pace with the times.
(1) Fracture: clavicle fracture, acromioclavicular joint dislocation, shoulder joint dislocation, humeral surgical neck fracture, humeral shaft fracture, humeral supracondylar fracture, elbow joint dislocation, radial head subluxation, forearm double fracture and lower radius fracture; Hip dislocation, femoral neck fracture, intertrochanteric fracture, femoral shaft fracture, patella dislocation, patella fracture, knee ligament injury, knee meniscus injury, tibial plateau fracture, tibiofibular shaft fracture, ankle fracture, ankle sprain and foot fracture; Spinal and pelvic fractures. (2) pyogenic infection of bones and joints: pyogenic osteomyelitis (acute, chronic, localized, sclerosing, post-traumatic) and pyogenic arthritis.
(3) Bone and joint tuberculosis: spinal tuberculosis, hip tuberculosis and knee tuberculosis. (4) Non-suppurative arthritis: osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Kaschin-Beck disease, and dendrolimus arthritis.
(5) Bone tumor: benign bone tumor (osteoma, osteoid osteoma and chondroma), giant cell tumor of bone, primary malignant bone tumor (osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma of bone, Ewing sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, myeloma and chordoma), metastatic bone tumor, tumor-like lesion of bone (bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst, eosinophilic granuloma of bone, bone fiber). (6) Hyperplasia: Hyperplasia is a disease with secondary hyperosteogeny, joint deformation, joint pain, limited activity and other symptoms due to the degeneration and degeneration of soft tissues such as cartilage, intervertebral disc and ligament, the formation of bone spurs at the joint edge, synovial hypertrophy and other changes.
There are two kinds: primary and secondary. (7) Rheumatism: Rheumatoid arthritis, also known as rheumatoid arthritis, is an autoimmune inflammatory disease with chronic, symmetrical, synovial arthritis and extra-articular lesions as its main clinical manifestations.
The disease usually occurs in small joints such as hands, wrists and feet, with repeated attacks and symmetrical distribution.
3. Health and Plastic Surgery
Health education is an important part of holistic nursing. Through health education, patients can correctly treat the reality of the disease and coordinate their unbalanced psychology. Especially when orthopedic patients talk about surgery, regardless of the size of the operation and the pros and cons of the disease, they will bring different degrees of fear and tension to patients, so they will be more eager to know their own condition, surgical methods and expected results of the operation, which requires the professional level of nurses and teaching methods to make health education effective. ② Prevention of urinary calculi caused by bone decalcification; 2. Methods of preventing bedsore for patients in bed for a long time: ① Turn over frequently and observe the condition of compressed skin; (2) The compressed part should be padded with anti-pressure air cushion, and 50% safflower alcohol should be used reasonably; ③ Strengthen nutrition, eat more foods with high protein and vitamins, and eat more fruits and vegetables; 3. Methods to prevent constipation in patients who stay in bed for a long time: ① Carry out bed activities under the guidance of medical staff according to their illness; 2 eat more digestible, light and crude fiber foods, and eat more fruits and vegetables; ③ Abdominal peristalsis direction; Under the guidance of medical staff, people who don't defecate for 3 days will use laxatives or artificial defecation. 4. Precautions for continuous catheterization: ① Wash bladder bid with 1:5000 furacilin solution every day to prevent urinary tract infection; ② During continuous catheterization, the catheter should be opened regularly, once every 4-6 hours, so as to train the bladder relaxation and contraction function; (3) Drink plenty of water, > 2000 ml/d; 5. Precautions for patients with high fever: ① Stay in bed, limit activities, keep the indoor air fresh and warm, and ventilate twice a day; 2 Eat clear inflammation and easy digestion, high calorie, high protein liquid or semi-liquid, and drink plenty of water; 3 gargle more, and you can apply paraffin oil when your lips are chapped; 6. Precautions for patients with spinal fracture: ① When moving, three people support the patient's head and shoulders, lumbosacral part and both lower limbs at the same time; ② When turning over, the upper and lower bodies should rotate at the same time to avoid twisting and paraplegia caused by further injury; (3) Patients with cervical vertebra fracture should be pulled along the longitudinal axis, lying flat on the wooden bed, and the sides of the neck should be fixed with sandbags to limit the cervical vertebra from side to side and prevent high paraplegia; 7. Precautions for patients with traction: ① Significance of traction: using acting force and reaction force to relax spasmodic muscles; Relieve the pain. Reduction and fixation of dislocated fractures to reduce nerve compression; Correcting joint deformity; ② Clean the skin before traction; ③ The traction rope and limbs are on the same axis, so as not to jam the traction rope or slide out of the pulley groove; ④ When transporting patients, 1 person should hold the traction rope, and the heavy hammer should not be removed at will; ⑤ Keep the carina free from oppression and prevent bedsore; ⑥ Pay attention to keep the affected limbs warm in winter; ⑦ Patients with bone traction should not remove the bone addiction at the pin hole of bone traction, and disinfect bid8 with 70% alcohol every day. 8. Precautions for paraplegic patients: (1) Diet: ① The digestive function is disordered after injury 1 week, and diet should be restricted appropriately; ② After 2-3 weeks, the digestive function recovered and digestible foods with high vitamins and calories were given; (2) Skin: ① Do a good job in preventing bedsores; ② Due to poor blood circulation below paraplegia level, skin tolerance is low. Avoid hot compress to avoid burns; 9. Nursing precautions for patients with pelvic fracture: ① Prevent fracture displacement and do not move or replace it at will; ② 1-2 hours * * Use 50% safflower alcohol for sacrococcygeal skin, and properly pad an anti-pressure device to prevent bedsores; (3) Simple pelvic fracture and anterior arch fracture do not affect the load bearing, and you can get out of bed after a few days of pain relief; 10. Precautions for patients with acute osteomyelitis: (1) The purpose of traction braking is: ① to relieve pain; ② Prevention of pathological fracture or joint contracture; (2) Activity instruction: ① Raise the affected limb, and brake the affected limb before callus formation; ② After the inflammation is eliminated, there is enough callus to get out of bed. 1 1. Guidance on bone and joint tuberculosis diseases: (1) Medication guidance: ① Antituberculosis drugs should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning, 30 minutes before meals; ② Drink plenty of water after taking the medicine; (3) If you have tinnitus or hearing loss, you should report it to the medical staff in time; (2) The purpose of traction braking is to relieve the pain and the spread of focus, which is beneficial to tissue repair, prevent pathological fracture, absolute bed rest of spinal tuberculosis and prevent the occurrence of secondary paraplegia; 12. Precautions after artificial joint replacement: ① Lie down, the limb is in functional position, the affected limb is in abduction15 "neutral position after hip replacement, wear anti-rotation shoes or leather traction braking; ② After hip replacement, adduction and internal rotation are prohibited, and shoulder replacement should not be excessively abduction and internal rotation; ③ After hip replacement, the functional position of the affected limb should be maintained when moving; Significance and methods of limb function exercise: (1) Significance: It can promote blood circulation, reduce swelling, prevent muscle atrophy and contribute to the recovery of limb function. (2) Methods: ① Early stage: the muscles of the affected limb relaxed and contracted within 65438 0-2 weeks after injury; ② Mid-term: 2-3 weeks after injury, the range of motion can be extended to all joints, and the fracture of lower limbs can be pulled up and lifted under fixed and continuous traction; ③ Late stage: 6-8 weeks after the injury, the muscles and joints of all parts of the body move, and the joints of the affected limbs move actively.
I want to ask some questions about children's orthopedics.
Basic translation of rickets rickets rickets definition: English disease | osteomalacia | Ricketts osteochondrosis | osteochondrosis osteochondrosis: Perthes' disease Introduction: A hereditary disease, also known as vitamin D-resistant rickets.
The patient's small intestine can't absorb calcium and phosphorus well, and a large amount of phosphorus is discharged from the urine, which leads to low blood phosphorus and blood calcium and serious rickets. The disease is inherited by X chromosome dominance.
This disease is a systemic disease mainly caused by bone changes caused by vitamin D deficiency. It is said that there is a lack of "calcium", but it is actually a lack of "D" (lack of sun).
It is one of the main health care diseases for children. [Diagnostic Points] 1, mostly in infants under 2 years old, mostly in the north, especially those born in autumn and winter, with insufficient direct sunlight and insufficient oral vitamins.
2. Early symptoms of nervous system: sweating, night terrors, crying (called "night crying" by the people), fidgeting, and baldness of the pillow (caused by touching the pillow with the back of the head, shaking your head back and forth due to sweating, and rubbing local hair loss). 3, muscle relaxation, abdominal swelling like a frog's abdomen ("big belly"), stunted growth.
4. Bone characteristics: (1) Head: skull softening (the occipital part is like a ping-pong depression when pressed, and it is called "ping-pong feeling" after letting go). This sign is more common in infants aged 3-6 months, and the baby's head develops fastest at this stage; After 6 months, the skull and forehead gradually protrude, especially when 1~2 years old, and can also form "crosshead" and "saddle head"; The anterior fontanel closed late. Normal children 1~ 1 year old are semi-closed, and rickets children can only be closed under 2 years old; Teeth are late.
Normal children have deciduous teeth for 4-6 months at the latest 10 months. Children with this disease have been toothless for over 10 months. (2) Chest: Beaded ribs (the joint between ribs and costal cartilage is swollen and feels like abacus beads), and a groove is formed above the beaded ribs, which is called "Hausdorf" (due to the soft bones, the attachment of the chest along the diaphragm is depressed due to breathing), which can further cause the chest to protrude into a "chicken breast" or the lower part of the sternum to sag into a "funnel chest".
(3) Limbs: "bracelet" sign, the wrist is blunt and round, and the lower limbs are deformed, showing "O-leg" (bowleg) or "X-leg". 5, laboratory examination: blood calcium, blood phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase for reference.
The blood calcium in the early stage of rickets is not low, so it can not be diagnosed according to blood calcium; Continue to develop and aggravate the exciting period of the disease, and then the blood calcium drops; Recovery period is normal. Blood phosphorus decreased in the early stage of onset, continued to decrease in the acute stage, and increased earlier than blood calcium in the recovery stage; Alkaline phosphatase increased in the initial excitation period and was normal in the recovery period.
If conditions permit, check 25- hydroxycholesterol and 1, and the absorption and utilization of phosphorus are obviously reduced when suffering from rickets. 6.X-ray examination: generally take 65,438+0 wrist X-rays for children. In the early stage, only the metaphyseal end is blurred, and the metaphyseal end is widened later. In the acute stage, there were brush-like changes, cup-shaped deformation, thinning of cortical bone and sparse trabecular bone.
[treatment] 1, vitamin d, 0.5 ~1.0000 u per day; In severe cases, take 1~20000 U orally twice a day for 1~2 months. If children have difficulty feeding, or parents can't guarantee to take it orally every day, or because of diseases such as diarrhea, large doses of vitamin D can be injected through muscles, which is called assault therapy.
The general safe dose is 300 thousand u vitamin d per injection; Without vitamin d3, you can use vitamin d2, 40,400,000 U/time and kloc-0/time per month, and the total amount varies from 300,000 U to 900,000 U according to the severity of the disease. Take 400~800u orally every day.
2, calcium: oral vitamin D can be taken at the same time as calcium. When vitamin d2 or d3 is injected in large doses, vitamin D is oil-soluble and slowly absorbed, and it is active only after the liver and kidney are hydroxylated. Therefore, it is generally safer to take calcium for 3 days first to avoid hypocalcemic convulsions.
Unconditional children can also inject d3 (or d3) 1 time, and insist on supplementing calcium every day after returning home. There are many kinds of oral calcium supplement products, such as calcium lactate, calcium gluconate, high-efficiency calcium, Gaitianli and so on. 65438+ 0~2g per day, active calcium and effervescent calcium 0.3~0.6g per day.
After treatment with vitamin D, serum 25- hydroxy cholesterol and 1, 25- dihydroxy cholesterol can rise within 1~2 days, blood phosphorus rises around 10 days, and then blood calcium rises. 1 week, clinical symptoms can be improved, night terrors and crying and sweating can be reduced.
X-ray film improved late, and a new calcification line appeared at the brush border of metaphysis after 3 weeks. It takes 2~4 months to be completely normal, and it takes several months for alkaline phosphatase to return to normal. [Preventive nursing care] 1, more outdoor activities, more sunshine.
The main source of vitamin D is sunlight, and the skin must be directly irradiated by sunlight (ultraviolet rays) to produce natural vitamin d2, which is then converted into active cholecalciferol under the action of the liver and exists in the liver, fat and muscle. Children who often bask in the sun have never eaten cod liver oil or calcium tablets, and have never had rickets.
The sun is strong in summer, so it is best not to expose directly. It is effective in shade and reflected light, 1 times 10~20 minutes or longer. If you want to sunbathe directly, you'd better wear a hat and sunbathe on your back, buttocks and limbs for no more than 5 minutes 1 time to prevent sunburn.
After the full moon, the newborn baby can be carried to the sun. The temperature is mild in spring and autumn, and the sunshine is better after 9 am and before 3 pm.
When basking in the sun in winter, choose a sunny day and high temperature at noon to avoid catching cold, but don't wrap it too tightly, at least show your face and hands. For children born in winter (infants under 6 months), if they have never been outdoors and suddenly bask in the sun in sunny spring, their blood calcium will decrease rapidly because of vitamin d3, which is easy to cause hypocalcemia convulsions. Therefore, you can take some calcium preparations before sunbathing to prevent it.
In a word, sunbathing is very important, but sunbathing through glass and clothes is ineffective. 2. Vitamin D supplementation: At present, it is advocated to add vitamin D preparation from 2 weeks after birth, and the preventive dose is 400~800u per day, taking cod liver oil (d3) or calcitonin tablets (d2) orally.
Drop it into your mouth before feeding, try it from a small amount to adapt to its taste, and observe the stool at the same time. The number of twins and premature infants should be appropriately increased to 500 ~1000 u/d.
According to the performance of rickets in children, the dosage of vitamin D can be adjusted to 2 years old. If there is more sunshine in summer, you can stop taking the medicine from June to September and wait until it is cool in autumn. You can also take preventive dose or half dose in winter in early childhood, depending on the north and south, outdoor activities, sunlight and other conditions.
Preschool and adolescence are in the stage of changing teeth and rapid growth and development of the body, and vitamin D should also be supplemented appropriately to prevent rickets in the later stage.
Orthopedic knowledge 1. Knowledge about bones
Do bones scratch? Yes, the bone may be bruised.
Suffering from violent impact or accidental fall can sometimes cause subperiosteal bleeding. Periosteum is a fibrous membrane covering most bones, which contains blood vessels and nerves.
Scratched bones can cause pain, but they usually heal within a few days. If the pain persists or activity is limited, you should see a doctor, and X-rays may be needed to determine whether there is a fracture.
What is an aggressive fracture? What is a non-invasive fracture? The fracture is caused by serious injury, which may be caused by a fall or a heavy blow. A bone is cracked or broken, but the surrounding tissue is not seriously damaged and the skin is not damaged, which is called a non-invasive fracture.
The surrounding tissue is extensively damaged, and the broken bone or adjacent tissue penetrates and protrudes from the skin, which is called an invasive fracture. Injured fracture patients are susceptible to infection and need surgical treatment in most cases.
If it is a minor fracture, just rest, maybe use splint or sling, and the wound will heal itself. In case of serious injury, broken bones must be connected.
After the broken bone is connected, you must stop moving. Plaster can be applied, traction device can be used, and bone position can be fixed with fixed needles and plates. Dislocation? What caused it? How to treat it? Skeleton leaving its normal position in the joint is called dislocation, which is usually caused by violent blow or ligament tear; Ligaments are tissues that bind bones in place and may tear when injured.
Dislocation is usually caused by collisions during exercise, and almost any joint can occur. Symptoms are severe pain, rapid swelling of joints, discoloration and immobility of skin, and joints look deformed at this time.
To cure dislocation, the doctor must reset the bone and fix it as much as possible. What's the difference between tendon and ligament? Tendons are tough banded connective tissues, thin and strong, which connect muscles with bones and drive them.
Ligament is also a tough banded connective tissue, which is more elastic than tendon, connecting adjacent bones and keeping their position. If the range of motion exceeds the limit or overstretches, ligaments and tendons will be damaged.
What disease is tendinitis? How to treat it? Tensitis is inflammation of one of many tendons in the body. Causes include tendon overwork, tendon injury, or muscle tension, which makes the tendon tense at rest. Usually even the synovial sheath is inflamed. Synovial sheath is used to protect tendons and make them slide easily on the surfaces of bones and joints.
If the synovial sheath also has inflammation, it is called tenosynovitis. Tendons connect muscles and bones.
Everyone may suffer from tendinitis, which is most common in wrist, elbow (tennis elbow), heel, shoulder and knee. The symptoms of tendinitis are local pain, swelling and limited activity.
The first step of treatment is to rest the affected area. Ice compress and taking aspirin or ibuprofen can help relieve pain and swelling.
In more serious cases, the doctor will prescribe medicine. After the pain is relieved, the next step is to prevent tendon stiffness; This must be cautious, otherwise it will aggravate the condition.
Patients should do some slow and gentle stretching exercises, stretch the affected limb as much as possible without causing pain, and keep this posture for at least 20 seconds at a time. It is important not to let the affected part become stiff because of inactivity.
If the pain and stiffness do not improve within a week, you should consult a doctor. What is a sprain in medicine? What's the difference between sprain and tendinitis? A sprain is a partial tear of the joint ligament that holds the bones together. It is most common in ankle joints, knee joints and finger joints, and other joints are sometimes sprained.
The symptoms of mild sprain are similar to tendinitis, with local pain and tenderness. Symptoms of tendinitis usually change slowly. In the first few days of onset, the affected part may temporarily bear the weight, but it will be aggravated by lack of rest.
Almost all sprains are caused by direct injuries immediately. Wounds often lose their functions in a short time, usually accompanied by bruises, and it takes a long time to heal. If the ligament is completely torn due to severe sprain, it must be treated immediately, and it may take several months to recover.
Why does Rosty Yi sometimes feel muscle pain after exercise? Probably because of insufficient warm-up before this exercise, excessive exercise or no exercise for a long time. Muscle contraction during exercise may lead to excessive stretching of muscle fibers; After stopping exercise, muscle fibers swell, and after a few hours, they begin to be stiff and painful.
In fact, strenuous exercise can slightly tear muscle fibers, and muscle fibers will swell at rest, which is part of the rehabilitation process. How to distinguish between muscle tear and lower muscle rupture? Muscle lacerations and muscle fractures are generally caused by overexertion, but there are significant differences between them.
Muscle is stretched excessively, especially suddenly, and some muscle fibers will tear, causing pain, swelling and weakness, which is called muscle traction injury. This is a common injury for athletes who are not fully prepared for action, and generally recover quickly. The whole or part of the muscle is separated from the bone, which is called muscle fracture.
The injured muscle is weak and may need surgery to repair the broken muscle. Leg muscle is pulled, how to relieve pain? If you pull a muscle, you should stop the activity that causes the injury first, then lift the injured leg and ice it to prevent swelling.
The pain usually goes away within a few days, and the injured person should rest his muscles until the pain goes away. If the pain and swelling are serious, you should see a doctor.
If you have to walk around after an injury, you should bandage the leg wound to help support your weight, or use crutches to avoid aggravating the injury. You shouldn't resume your daily activities immediately after a badly torn muscle heals. You should first receive physical therapy to stretch your muscles and enhance your muscle strength.
What is whipping a neck injury? Can it be cured? Whipping neck injuries are usually seen in car accidents, which are caused by jerking the head forward and then jerking it back. The pain and stiffness of the wound sometimes last for a long time. In severe cases, it can lead to spinal cord rupture, numbness of limbs and even death.
The most common neck injury is the tearing or tearing of the muscles and ligaments around the cervical spine. It will take several weeks for the wound to heal. During this period, the injured person must wear a special collar.
Muscle spasms and pains may continue for some time after the injury is healed. Rest, proper hot compress and * * * help to relieve pain and stiffness.
In some cases, taking painkillers and muscle relaxants is also useful, but relying on these drugs may lead to drug dependence. Emotional tension seems to be not conducive to rehabilitation, which may be due to the fact that the head muscles can not get rid of the tension, so the injured should be treated during the healing and rehabilitation period.