First, the causes of police psychological problems
(1) The work itself.
Overworked: The police have a heavy task. With the development of social politics, economy and culture and the continuous improvement of laws, the people's police are given more and more responsibilities by law, and the fields involved are getting wider and wider. This makes grass-roots police not only deal with crimes that endanger society and people's lives, but also patiently deal with trivial matters in people's daily life. In sharp contrast to the extensive and arduous tasks of the police, the police force is stretched, and the lack of police force leads to the long-term overload of the police. According to the survey, frontline policemen work 1 1 to 15 hours a day on average, and only take a day off every three weeks. Overweight work load has become the most important factor among the stressors of police work.
High sense of responsibility: mistakes are inevitable and everyone may make mistakes, but for a policeman, a mistake in his work may mean the escape of the suspect, the blood of his comrades-in-arms, and even the end of his career and legal sanctions. The work that the police are engaged in requires them to have a strong sense of responsibility for public security work. The strong sense of responsibility makes the police worry about whether they can do a good job all the time, which leads to psychological anxiety.
(2) External causes
The influence of family relationship: the relationship between husband and wife and children in the family are the main manifestations of the stressors of police life. The particularity of police work makes them often on duty, the time is uncertain, and they can't keep up with the pace of family life. If you lack good communication with your family, it will inevitably lead to family discord, marital life disharmony, and even a marriage crisis. Due to the lack of enough time to communicate with children, they feel "negligence" and "dereliction of duty" in their education. If their children encounter setbacks in their study and growth, they will feel guilty and blame themselves from the heart. If you can't get the understanding of your family at this time, it will increase their psychological burden.
Pressure from society: Ordinary people have high expectations for police work, but due to the complexity and arduousness of social security work, although the grassroots police have done a lot of work and worked hard to combat crime and maintain social security, there will still be misunderstandings or dissatisfaction among the people. In the process of solving civil disputes, especially when dealing with mass incidents, the police are besieged, abused, insulted and beaten from time to time, and the long-term accumulation of people's incomprehension and resentment has caused great psychological pressure to many policemen.
In order to increase the ratings, some news media often exaggerate the mistakes made by the police in handling cases and expose the dark side behind them, thus increasing people's prejudice against the police. However, some media have unilaterally exaggerated the personal image of the police in their reports, as if the police are all "detectives" and it is easy for the police to "get things done well", misleading the people's understanding of the police. These non-objective, untrue and unfair publicity reports not only mislead the people's thoughts, but also disturb the police's line of sight and thinking in law enforcement, invisibly increasing the psychological burden of the police, causing some police officers to be tied behind their hands and not knowing how to operate, reflecting psychological problems such as depression, confusion, sadness, negativity and anxiety.
Second, ways to alleviate the psychological problems of the police
The psychological pressure of the police is not only huge, special and inevitable, but also its professional characteristics determine that the pressure of the police is different from other professional groups. But through some improvements, the psychological pressure of the police can be alleviated.
1. Increase financial investment, increase police force, strengthen the police through science and technology, solve the problem of heavy workload of the police caused by insufficient police force in China at present, and prevent the police from performing official duties in some high-risk environments. Give preferential treatment to the police, earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the police, correctly handle the relationship between strictly administering the police and giving preferential treatment to the police, actively give ideological guidance, help them solve the difficulties in their work, observe the hardships in their spare time, establish and improve the police medical insurance system, improve the treatment of police work, and severely crack down on illegal acts such as assaulting police officers and malicious complaints.
2. Use the police correctly. The main duty of the police is to crack down on criminals and maintain social order. The police should exercise their powers and perform their duties within the scope prescribed by law. Local party committees and governments should correctly use police force according to laws and regulations and their functions and powers, instead of abusing police force.
3. Do a good job in family work, create a harmonious family atmosphere, and solve the worries of the police. The influence of family factors on police psychology is subtle, and a good family atmosphere can be said to be a safe haven for every policeman. Therefore, public security organs should actively carry out home visits, grasp the barometer of police family life in time, and gain the understanding and support of police families.
4. Strengthen the correct guidance of public opinion and media. Most policemen are good. They are conscientious, self-denial, and serve the people. However, some media often magnify a small number of police officers who violate the law and discipline, and fail to see the side of other good police officers who are actively working, not afraid of fatigue and sacrifice, and also fail to see the dangers faced by police officers in performing their duties; Cops are people, but not superman. At this point, society and the public have misunderstandings about the police. Not everything the police can do, and the police can't make mistakes. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the correct guidance of public opinion and media, so that society and the public can re-understand.
5. Strengthen psychological counseling and improve the mental health level of police. Actively carry out mental health service activities and establish a police mental health care mechanism. According to psychological theory, psychological quality is the result of the interaction of congenital factors and acquired environment, and good psychological quality is an important prerequisite for mental health. In particular, the police profession has the characteristics of high risk, high pressure and high intensity, and needs better psychological quality than ordinary people, that is, correct self-cognition, strong will quality, stable emotional state, innovative thinking ability, healthy personality characteristics and good interpersonal psychology. Conduct regular police mental health tests; Carry out targeted police psychological training; Provide all kinds of psychological counseling; Establishing a fixed psychological consultation room and carrying out necessary psychological treatment can effectively reduce the psychological pressure of police.