Healthy community planning Healthy community planning is an important work content of community health service center. Doing a good job in planning can make the work more smoothly. Many people don't know what this is. Come with me to see what healthy community planning is.
Healthy Community Planning 1 1 Principles of Healthy Community Planning and Design
Urban planning and design can improve the physical space environment of communities and promote the construction of healthy communities through the layout of public facilities and street design. Recent studies have proved that mixed land use, complete and comfortable street system and good public transportation system will promote the sports activities of community residents; The rational layout of public open spaces such as parks and squares can give community residents more opportunities for leisure and sports activities. This paper puts forward that the planning and design of healthy communities should follow the following principles.
(1) Improve the mixed use of community land. The principle of mixing is to promote each other's activities and exchanges, but negative effects such as noise and air pollution should be avoided. Research shows that if there are more schools, grocery stores, newsstands and other travel destinations in the community, it will promote residents to walk. Mixed use of land can encourage walking and cycling, reduce motor vehicle pollution and improve community health.
(2) Improve the utilization rate of community public transportation. Perfecting the public transport network, ensuring that the bus stops are within an acceptable distance of riding and walking, and improving the public transport service level can promote more residents to use public transport, thus increasing the corresponding physical activities such as walking and cycling. At the same time, the promotion of public transport can reduce the use of cars to a certain extent, thus correspondingly reducing automobile exhaust, automobile noise and vehicle-related accidents and improving the health status of community residents.
(3) Increase the accessibility of community public space. Community public open space includes streets and squares, markets and parks connected by streets. The improvement of community public open space and its accessibility will improve physical activity and social interaction, thus improving health level. In addition, create community public spaces so that neighbors and residents in the same community can exercise at the same time. Research shows that social networks and interactions can prolong life expectancy, improve mental health and reduce crime.
(4) Adhere to flexible development. Flexible development emphasizes the degree to which a city can absorb and dissolve changes before it is transformed into a new structure; It also includes the degree to which cities can accommodate ecosystems and human activities.
In addition to the above principles, healthy community construction should also protect and enhance community characteristics. Sense of identity and belonging are people's social psychological needs for the living environment, reflecting people's needs for their social status and the value embodied in the living environment.
2. Practical application
(1) upgraded land mixed use
In the reconstruction of the old city in Zhonghe, promoting the mixed use of land is not blindly increasing the types of land use, but combining with the shortage of public services, setting up "neighborhood centers" in different blocks and integrating them into comprehensive service centers such as culture, sports, health, education and commerce to serve the residents within a walking distance of 10 min.
In this case, a "neighborhood center" is planned in four blocks to form a neighborhood center with relatively concentrated functions. These neighborhood centers complement each other and have different functions, and mainly adopt three mixed use modes.
"Neighborhood Center" Land Mixed Use Model
The mixed mode of commercial function and ecological function: two "community centers" adopted this mode: one neighborhood center took Liu Yin Road commercial pedestrian street as the main body, combined with the green space of the community center to improve the commercial street environment; Another neighborhood center takes Fuhe Ecological Park as the main body, supporting commercial and cultural functions and enhancing the vitality of the park.
Mixed mode of cultural leisure and physical exercise: A neighborhood center with cultural leisure and physical exercise as its main functions is planned and designed, which will make up for the lack of sports facilities and cultural facilities in the middle and old cities and enrich the daily life of community residents. Relatively centralized layout can improve the utilization rate of facilities; Moreover, the facilities are transformed from the relocated vocational middle school buildings, which saves resources and conforms to the sustainable development concept of healthy communities.
Mixed mode of residence, public service and ecological function: The "New Seed Community Center" is planned. On the basis of business, public green space and living service facilities, the living mode of LOFT apartment is increased, which enriches the living forms, stimulates the vitality of the community and promotes the development of healthy communities.
(2) Sort out the urban space, solve the congestion problem and optimize public transportation.
Sort out the road system and sort out the urban space. Expressway and main roads are arranged around the community, avoiding a large number of traffic intersections; Set up secondary roads to alleviate traffic in the community, properly encrypt the density of road network in the community, relieve congestion, guide traffic out of the community, and reduce motor vehicle pollution in the community. Control the number of roadside parking spaces; Combined with the development of public facilities (such as parks), develop centralized parking facilities in the community. Set up several large bus stops on the roads around the community. In the long term, it is planned to add a small electric bus loop that runs through the blocks in the base to realize flexible and light community-level bus service.
(3) Create an open space and develop a networked slow-moving system in the block.
The public open space in the community includes the slow-moving system network and pocket park. In the planning and design, people's dimensions are considered, that is, people's walking distance, travel habits, comfort and safety, forming an open space in which people, bicycles and nature are organically combined.
To develop the networked slow-moving system within the community, one is to sort out the original street space and activate the "capillaries" in the block; The second is to carry out ecological transformation of motor vehicle roads, expand the space for walking and cycling, and add special lanes for walking and cycling.
Community slow-moving system network
At the same time, Pocket Park, as the public open space in this case, is an important part and micro-ecological unit of urban park green space system, and it is also the leisure activity place closest to citizens' lives. Combined with the specific use needs, most of them focus on daily and high-frequency activities to encourage residents to develop healthy leisure and travel habits in their daily lives. The small green space with beautiful environment also provides residents with an open space with relatively fresh air and physical and mental health.
(4) Promote "micro-green network, micro-penetration and micro-experience" to enhance the flexibility of the community.
It is planned to implement the new concept of "micro-green network, micro-infiltration and micro-experience" through the organic renewal of acupuncture, so as to enhance the community's ability to cope with environmental changes, interference and disasters, thus enhancing the flexibility of the community.
Pattern diagram of community ecosystem planning
Micro-green network is mainly the network planning of green space system. Considering the functions of citizens' leisure, rain and flood absorption, heat island mitigation and emergency avoidance, a multi-level urban green infrastructure network interwoven with "urban park-pocket park-green corridor" is formed.
Healthy Community Planning 2 I. Work Objectives
1. Start a new round of healthy community construction in an all-round way, closely combine the key work of creating a national health town, and further promote the in-depth development of healthy community work in this town.
2. In accordance with the overall requirements of the city and district, combined with the actual situation of the town, give full play to the advantages of community resources, continue to carry out the "six ones" publicity activities, conscientiously implement the "five key tasks" in the plan, benefit the community residents, and ensure that the task of building a healthy community in our town is fully completed in.
Second, the task
1, do a good job in the continuous improvement of the community environment.
Combined with the work of establishing a national health town in our town and the actual situation of the community, we will actively carry out the "clean home" activity, organize village (neighborhood) committees, community units and professional teams, carry out environmental sanitation rectification and cleaning activities in residential areas, mobilize the general public to start from the things around them, participate in environmental sanitation public welfare work in community public places, advocate community residents to establish the awareness of caring for and caring for the public environment, and gradually improve the people's recognition rate and satisfaction rate of the community environment.
2. Pay special attention to the gradual enhancement of residents' health awareness.
Taking advocating that residents over 35 years old should measure their blood pressure at least once a year/kloc-0 as a breakthrough, we should cultivate residents' awareness of self-control and management of chronic diseases and gradually guide residents to develop a good healthy lifestyle. It is necessary to use the existing network of community health service organizations to comprehensively organize blood pressure measurement activities; According to the specific requirements of the municipal and district CDC, give full play to the advantages of community health service centers in professional technology, facilities and human resources, and do a good job in the program formulation, publicity and mobilization, volunteer training and quality control evaluation of this activity; It is necessary to use community health service points, Red Cross stations, village (neighborhood) committees, community activity rooms, etc. to set up blood pressure measuring points regularly and provide sufficient conditions to ensure that residents over the age of 35 in the community can participate in free blood pressure measuring activities organized by the community, and their knowledge of regular blood pressure measurement basically reaches full coverage.
3. Do a good job in the continuous development of the "Everyone Movement" activities.
Continue to popularize scientific fitness knowledge in an all-round way, extensively carry out national fitness campaigns, further strengthen the construction of various sports fitness teams in the community, keep sports facilities intact, do a good job in mobilizing community neighborhood committees, major units and various teams, make use of community sports facilities, give play to the role of sports instructors and residents' physical exercise activists, organize various sports activities, and attract and encourage more residents to participate in a fixed sports. ...
Healthy community planning 3 1, definition of healthy community
Boothroyd and Ebele (1990) extended the concept of health from the individual to the whole community from the perspective of health subject, and put forward that a healthy community is a community where all organizations can cooperate effectively, thus improving the quality of life and health level of residents. At present, the understanding of healthy community is that its planning and construction is not limited to the field of public health, but involves environmental protection, planning and construction and social management. In this paper, healthy community is understood as the practice of urban planning, construction and management around the concept of human health at the community level. A healthy community is a healthy development whole formed by the joint efforts of all organizations and individuals in the community.
2. The concept of a healthy community
The concept of healthy community should be based on a comprehensive understanding of the concept of "health", including two levels: individual and community as a whole. On the one hand, we should protect individual health, on the other hand, we should create a healthy community environment, including social environment, cultural environment and economic environment. Individuals get healthy promotion in the benign interaction with these healthy activities, thus forming a healthy community. On the basis of literature research, this paper summarizes four aspects of the concept of healthy community.
(1) Encourage individuals in the community to pursue health: the community needs to establish a good health culture and correct health value orientation, and guide and encourage residents to develop a healthy lifestyle; Promote public participation, promote residents' participation in healthy community construction, and form a benign interaction between healthy community construction and individual health of residents.
(2) The community should take measures to protect local characteristics and ensure appropriate diversified services: the local characteristics of the community are an important source of residents' sense of belonging and identity, and diversity can ensure the vitality of the community. The policy formulation and planning design of the community should be as beneficial as possible to all residents of the community, rather than serving a specific group.
(3) Establish a close relationship between individuals and public resources in the community: ensure the accessibility, convenience and equality of public resources (public facilities, open spaces and parks, etc.). ); The public resources of the community should be open to the society; Through reasonable planning and layout, ensure that resources are within the acceptable distance for residents to walk or ride.
(4) The community should adhere to flexible, sustainable and healthy development: the community should not only maintain its relative stability, but also leave some room for flexibility and consider long-term development.