1, common chemicals for electroplating:
(1) Cyanide: Causes intracellular asphyxia. Inhalation of high concentration hydrogen cyanide gas in a short time can immediately stop breathing and die. Respiratory tract, esophagus and skin immersion can all cause poisoning. Mild symptoms include mucosal irritation, asthma, nausea, vomiting and palpitation. In severe cases, the breathing is irregular, and the consciousness gradually becomes unconscious, which can lead to rapid respiratory disorder and death.
(2) Chemicals such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid: they exist in the air of workplace in the form of corresponding gas and acid (alkali) fog, and enter the human body mainly through respiratory tract and digestive tract. Inhalation causes upper respiratory tract infection, causing cough, chest tightness, dizziness, headache, nausea and vomiting.
(3) Metal salts such as zinc, copper, nickel and chromate: inhalation of aerosol causes upper respiratory tract infections, such as nasal perforation, nasal ulcer, contact dermatitis after skin contact, allergic dermatitis and eczema. Entering the human body causes acute poisoning, shortness of breath, dyspnea, shock, diarrhea, liver function damage and renal failure.
(4) Organic chemicals: The solvents are mainly alkanes, ethanol and benzene toxic substances. The components of various additives are complex, mainly the condensation and addition reactants of epichlorohydrin with alcohols, alkynes and ethers. After these two poisons enter the human body, they are mostly manifested as dyskinesia, leukemia, anemia and other blood diseases. Collar and labor protection network suggest wearing chemical protective clothing to prevent chemical substances from harming the body.
2. Dust:
The main sources of electroplating dust are polishing (including vibration polishing), grinding and sandblasting, which mainly cause the potential harm of silicosis. You can wear 3M dust mask 3200.
? 3. Temperature factors:
When people work in high temperature, high humidity or heat radiation environment at the same time, the body will appear the phenomena of body temperature regulation disorder, metabolic balance disorder, and increased heart rate, which will damage the circulatory system and nervous system, and produce discomfort symptoms such as fever, dizziness, palpitation, fatigue and so on. , work efficiency is reduced, and heatstroke accidents are prone to occur.
Low temperature usually means that the ambient temperature is lower than 65438 00℃. The main influence of low temperature environment on human body is to lower deep body temperature, thus causing a series of protective or compensatory physiological reactions, such as trembling, vasoconstriction on human surface, increased metabolic rate, accelerated heart rate and respiratory rate, and changes in blood components.
? 4, noise and vibration factors:
Working in a noisy environment for a long time will damage the hearing organs and lead to pathological changes in the nervous system, digestive system and cardiovascular system. The main reactions are headache, dizziness, tinnitus and palpitation. Wearing anti-noise earmuffs can effectively prevent noise from harming the operator. Vibration factors are rare in electroplating industry.
? 5, labor intensity factors:
Refers to the definition of working time (including unreasonable rest system) and excessive labor intensity beyond personal physiological ability; As well as excessive fatigue of local organs and long-term labor with poor posture or unreasonable tools. This excessive labor intensity destroys the working and living rules of workers, and the accumulation of fatigue in the body shifts to overwork, which increases blood pressure and aggravates arteriosclerosis.
Extended data:
1. In electroplating, the electroplated metal or other insoluble materials are used as the anode, the electroplated metal products are used as the cathode, and the cations of the electroplated metal are reduced to form a coating on the metal surface. In order to eliminate the interference of other cations and make the coating uniform and firm, a solution containing plating metal ions must be used as the plating solution to keep the concentration of plating metal ions constant.
2. The purpose of electroplating is to plate a metal coating on the substrate to change the surface properties or dimensions of the substrate. Electroplating can improve the corrosion resistance of metals (most of the plated metals are corrosion-resistant metals), increase hardness, prevent wear, and improve conductivity, lubricity, heat resistance and surface aesthetics.
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