Standard table of infant height and weight
According to the investigation results of children's physical development, the Women and Social Welfare Department of the Ministry of Health organized relevant experts to study and formulate the Reference Standards for the Growth and Development of Children under 7 in China, which was officially promulgated by the Ministry of Health on June 2, 2009. The development of boys and girls is different. Parents can refer to the data in the table below to see if the child's height and weight are normal. It should be noted that the following data are not absolute standards. As long as the child's height and weight are within the normal range and there is no abnormal disease, parents need not worry too much.
Table 1.7 standard value of height (length) for boys under 7 years old (cm)
Note: the length in the table is before 3 years old and the height is after 3 years old.
Table 2 Standard height (length) (cm) of girls under 7 years old
Note: the length in the table is before 3 years old and the height is after 3 years old.
Table 3 Standard weight of boys under 7 years old (kg)
Table 4 Standard weight of girls under 7 years old (kg)
Note: "median" refers to the average level of population; If it is within the range of "-1sd~ median ~+ 1sd", it belongs to the "normal range", representing 68% of children; If it is within the range of "(-2sd~- 1sd)" or (+1sd~+2sd) ",that is, within the range of two standard deviations above and below the median, it is defined as" short (high) ",representing 27.4% of children; If it is within the three standard deviations of "(-3sd~-2sd) or (+2sd~+3sd)", it is defined as "short (high)", representing 4.6% of children. Very few children are in three standard deviations (
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Three key periods of bone development
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Ideal range of baby's birth weight
Calculation method of infant height and weight standard table
Height and weight are important indicators to measure whether a child's growth and development are normal. The formula and method for calculating the normal height and weight of children are introduced as follows:
Standard formula for infant weight measurement:
1-6-month-old weight (kg) = birth weight (or 3kg)+month-old ×0.6 (kg)
7-65438+February weight (kg) = birth weight (or 3 kg)+month age ×0.5 (kg)
2- 10 years old weight (kg) = age ×2+7 (or 8)
The growth law of infant height standard: the average length of full-term infants is 50 cm, which is about 25 cm in the first year after birth, so it is about 75cm； at one year old; After that, the average annual growth will be about 5 cm, so the length of children after 2- 12 years old (cm)= age ×5+75 (cm). Anyone whose height exceeds the standard 10% or is lower than 10% is regarded as abnormal.
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How to judge whether the baby's height growth is normal?
Factors affecting baby's height
1, nutrition
Body length is the sum of head, spine and lower limbs, and it is an important sign to reflect the growth of bones, especially long bones. When the baby's nutrition can't meet the needs of bone growth, the growth rate of body length will slow down. Nutrients closely related to bone growth are vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus. Insufficient iodine and zinc can also cause the baby to be short.
Step 2 sleep
Growth hormone secreted by pituitary gland is an important hormone to stimulate baby's growth. The secretion of human growth hormone is unbalanced within 24 hours a day, and the secretion during sleep is higher than that during awakening. Lack of sleep will affect the baby's growth. Generally, newborn babies need to sleep for 20 hours every day and night, and it is 15- 18 hours from February to June. June-65438+August, 13- 15 hours; 65438+August -3 years old, 12- 13 hours; 3 -7 years old, 1 1- 12 hours. The amount of sleep a baby needs every day varies from person to person. If some babies sleep less, but their spirits, emotions, growth and development are normal, there is no need to force them.
Step 3 exercise
Exercise can promote blood circulation, improve bone nutrition, accelerate bone growth, make bones tight and promote body length growth. 3-4 months ago, the baby should lie prone several times a day to promote the whole body activity. With the growth of the month, the basic abilities such as turning over, climbing, standing and walking should be cultivated in time. Babies should not be held or sat for too long. It is inconvenient for the baby to move around all over the body. Sedentary will affect the development of lower limbs. At the same time, after the baby learns to sit, he is often unwilling to learn to turn over and climb.
4. Disease
Many diseases will affect the growth of baby's length. Generally, acute diseases only affect weight, while chronic diseases affect body length. If after long-term measurement and observation, the baby's body length is always lower than 10% of the average body length of children of the same age, it is called growth retardation; If it is less than 30%, it is abnormal, and it is necessary to diagnose and treat it in time.
5. Heredity and gender
It is reported that the length of a considerable number of babies is affected by heredity. In terms of gender, boys are generally higher than girls of the same age.
6. Living environment, social culture and climate area
According to the survey, babies in the north of China are taller than those in the south. In areas with high living environment and social and cultural level, babies also grow tall.
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Exercise that helps to grow taller.
Generally speaking, the most effective exercises are jumping, running, touching heights, floor exercises, playing basketball, volleyball, swimming, skipping rope and pull-ups. Running, jumping and weight-bearing exercise can mainly play the role of pulling muscles and ligaments and stimulating epiphyseal cartilage proliferation; Pull-ups can stretch the spine, make the spine stretch as much as possible, and promote the proliferation of spine bones; When swimming, stretching the spine, kicking and buoyancy of water are all beneficial to the growth of the spine and limbs.
For high-intensity sports, such as competitions or heavy strength exercises, the interval of practice should be longer, and the total practice time should not be too long to avoid excessive fatigue; For low-intensity events, such as walking and skipping rope, the exercise time can be relatively prolonged, so that muscles, joints and bones can be fully stimulated.
It is worth noting that people's height is also affected by endocrine. Therefore, exercise should not be excessive, so as not to affect sleep and disturb endocrine. In addition, strengthening nutrition is also an important link to make the body grow taller. While strengthening exercise, we should supplement bone building materials, colloids and inorganic salts in a timely and sufficient manner.
Five foods to help your baby grow taller.
The height of human body mainly depends on the growth and development of long bones, especially the strong bones and fat bones of femur and calf. The following five foods are recommended to help promote growth:
The first is milk.
Milk is a total nutrient, which is rich in protein, amino acids, calcium, phosphorus and so on. It is extremely beneficial to the increase. However, it should be noted that babies under one year old should not drink milk.
Tip: the misunderstanding of drinking milk
1, milk should be boiled and drunk.
After milk is cooked, nutrition will be lost, and the longer it is cooked, the greater the loss will be. This is because with the increase of temperature, the nutrients such as vitamins and protein in milk will change chemically, which will not only reduce the color, fragrance and taste, but also transform into other substances, so the heating time of milk should not be too long.
The purer the milk for children, the better.
It is wrong to give children too pure milk, because pure milk contains three times as much protein as breast milk, and children are too young to digest and absorb too much nutrition. Drinking too pure milk will cause children to have diarrhea and refuse to eat, so when drinking milk for children, change some water and proper amount of sugar to facilitate digestion.
3. throw away the milk skin before drinking milk.
When boiling milk, we will see such a layer of milk skin, which many parents will remove when feeding their children. This is not right, because milk skin contains fat and rich vitamin A, which is very good for children's health, especially for eyes.
4. Milk and juice are more nutritious.
Some parents like to add some juice to milk. On the one hand, children love to eat, on the other hand, they feel more nutritious. Experts pointed out that this is actually unscientific, because protein in milk will form a gelatinous substance when he meets these weakly acidic drinks, which is not easy to digest, so he should separate the time for drinking juice from the time for feeding milk for about one hour.
The second kind is sardines.
Sardines are protein's treasure house. In addition, you can also eat squid, abalone, carp and fish floss rich in calcium and phosphorus.
Tips:
1, fish can also promote wound healing.
Protein can not only promote children's growth and development, but also make children's wounds get better quickly when there is a wound. Protein of fish contains nine essential amino acids. About 87-98% of these protein can be used by our bodies, so fish is a very good source of protein.
2. Matters needing attention when buying fish
Parents should pay attention to removing fishbones when feeding their children; In addition, five things should be paid attention to when purchasing fish:
(1) The meat should be elastic.
(2) Fish gills are reddish or dark red.
(3) The eyeball is slightly convex and black and white.
(4) The appearance is complete, and no scales fall off.
(5) Fresh without peculiar smell.
Step 3 remind the bill
(1) does not mean that everything depends on eating fish. Milk, meat, beans and bean products, grains and roots (staple food), vegetables, fruits and oils are indispensable.
(2) In addition to food balance, we should also pay attention to whether the food is changeable and whether it meets children's tastes.
The third is spinach.
Spinach is a treasure house of vitamins. Eating100g spinach every day can meet the needs of growth and development. In addition, you can eat more rapeseed, lettuce, pepper and so on.
Tip: Spinach is best eaten cold.
Excessive intake of oxalic acid in spinach may be harmful to human body.
American Time magazine once listed spinach as the second of the top ten healthiest foods for modern people, because spinach is rich in many vitamins, among which carotene, folic acid, vitamin B 1 and vitamin B2 are higher.
The fourth is carrots.
Carrots contain a lot of vitamins B 1, B2, B 12 and nicotinic acid, so they are called Red Golden Flowers. Adding100g carrots to your baby's dishes every day has many benefits.
The fifth is citrus.
The contents of vitamins A, B 1 and C in oranges are three times that of apples, so limes, oranges, oranges and lemons are all citrus foods. It is very good to eat two fresh citrus fruits every day.
Tip: Pay attention to the following points when eating oranges.
1, control consumption
According to research, eating three oranges a day can meet a person's daily vitamin C requirement. If you eat too much and take too much vitamin C, your body will metabolize more oxalic acid, which will easily lead to urinary calculi and kidney calculi. In addition, eating too much is harmful to the mouth and teeth.
2. Oranges should not be eaten with radishes.
After radish enters the human body, it will quickly produce a substance called sulfate, which will soon be metabolized to produce an antithyroid substance-thiocyanate. If you eat oranges at this time, the flavonoids in oranges will be decomposed in the intestine and converted into hydroxybenzoic acid and ferulic acid, which can strengthen the inhibitory effect of thiocyanate on thyroid, thus inducing or leading to goiter.
3. Oranges and milk should not be eaten together.
Protein in milk can easily react with fruit acid and vitamin C in oranges and solidify into lumps, which not only affects digestion and absorption, but also causes abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. Therefore, it is not advisable to drink milk within 1 hour before and after eating oranges.
4. Some babies will get angry if they eat too many oranges.
Some babies who eat too many oranges will also have symptoms of getting angry, such as glossitis, periodontitis and pharyngitis.
Therefore, the baby had better not eat more oranges. If you eat for a long time, stop eating 1-2 weeks before eating.