"Horsetail syndrome": Repeated violent vomiting will lead to longitudinal tearing of the mucosa at the lower end of the stomach and esophagus, leading to hematemesis.
Damage to liver: Long-term drinking will lead to alcoholic hepatitis, fatty liver and even cirrhosis, with serious consequences.
Damage to the brain: Cerebral palsy leads to memory loss, and hands will tremble involuntarily in early years.
Damage to the stomach: Long-term alcoholism will damage the stomach and cause complications such as peptic ulcer.
In addition, alcohol dependence can also lead to cardiovascular diseases, such as palpitations and angina pectoris. Respiratory diseases, such as pulmonary edema and severe malnutrition, can lead to hypoglycemia and many complications.
Long-term excessive drinking will lead to "alcohol dependence". According to relevant statistics, it is estimated that there are currently 65.438+0.4 billion people in the world who rely on alcohol, and the mortality rate of alcoholism accounts for 654.38+0.5% of all deaths in the world.
Drinking is harmful.
One. Drinking a lot will cause the following disadvantages.
1. Death: Alcohol can inhibit the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata, causing respiratory arrest, and the drop of blood sugar may also be a fatal factor.
2. Malabsorption syndrome causes various vitamin deficiencies, which indirectly leads to various nervous system injuries.
Two. The influence of long-term heavy drinking
1. Liver injury: fatty liver caused by accumulation of liver fat.
2. Gastric ulcer: It can cause gastric bleeding and endanger life.
3. Nervous system damage: such as peripheral neuropathy.
4. Cerebral cortex atrophy: It is reported that some chronic alcoholics have cerebral cortex atrophy, and some patients have signs of mental decline.
5. Alcohol fetal syndrome group: the metabolism and excretion of alcohol in the fetus are slow, which causes various injuries to the developing fetus, including fetal malformation, stillbirth, growth retardation and behavioral defects.
Three. The influence of alcoholism on family life
1. Emotional excitability, temper tantrums, poor judgment control, easy to conflict with people, sensitive to external stimuli, and high crime rate.
2. Spouses and children are often the targets of violence.
3. Mental trance affects work efficiency.
4. The alienation of relatives and friends makes alcoholics suffer more frustration and pressure and become more self-destructive.
Four. Alcohol has different effects on different people. Most people think that alcohol is a stimulant, however, from a medical point of view, alcohol is a sedative: it will slow down your reaction time and confuse your ability to judge exercise and distance. Even drunk, even walking and talking is a problem. [ 1]
Five. It is important to know that alcohol is a drug and addictive. The more you drink, the more you want to drink, and the more you need to drink to get instant pleasure and happiness from wine. However, this is a vicious circle; Because after drinking it, you will have a hangover and a bad headache. The main reason is dehydration: alcohol allows water to leave your body cells and enter the blood and urine. [ 1]
Not only that, after a few years, alcohol will lead to cirrhosis, and some results will be like brain injury, stomach disease, vitamin deficiency, hypertension, depression and so on. It is very dangerous for pregnant women to drink alcohol. Even if the mother's blood contains a small amount of alcohol, it may lead to mental retardation or other birth defects.
Six. The social cost of alcoholism is staggering. Alcohol has caused the loss of millions of working days, which is directly related to many industrial accidents and is usually a factor of suicide. The victims of alcohol are often other innocent people, not the drinkers themselves. For example, drunk driving shows indifference to human life, not only to the driver and his passengers, but also to the lives of innocent people.
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Harm of wine
As we all know, China has a wine culture for thousands of years. Moderate drinking can add festive atmosphere, but excessive drinking not only harms people's lives, but also harms families and society. Alcohol dependence and its related problems are the third largest public health problem after cardiovascular diseases and tumors. The clinical manifestations of patients with alcohol dependence include nervous system complications, digestive system complications and cardiovascular complications. In addition, excessive drinking also has some negative effects on reproductive and endocrine systems. According to statistics, men around the age of 40 are the most "drunkards", and some people drown their sorrows by drinking, which leads to drunken troubles, fights, drunken car accidents and other illegal and criminal cases. According to the statistics of the traffic department alone, in recent years, 80% of all traffic accidents are caused by drunk driving, and alcohol has become an increasingly serious threat to our health.
1, diencephalon syndrome
2. Fragmentary amnesia related to alcohol
3, Vinnik encephalopathy
4. Kosakov syndrome
5, alcohol-related dementia
6. Brain injury
7, alcohol-related cerebellar degeneration
8, alcohol-related polyneuropathy
9, autonomic nervous system lesions
10, alcohol-related epilepsy
1 1, alcohol-related personality changes
12, alcoholism leads to mental disorder
About 15 years ago, scientists investigated the workers in Danish breweries. These workers can drink 4 pints (about 2 liters) of beer for free every day, which exceeds the average consumption of Danish men. The results showed that compared with the general population, the incidence rate of esophageal cancer, laryngeal cancer and lung cancer was many times higher among brewers, among which esophageal cancer was 25 times and laryngeal cancer was 10 times. On the contrary, some religions prohibit drinking alcohol, and they rarely get oral cancer and head and neck cancer.
In China, the non-local areas of powerful old colleges and universities are also high incidence areas of gastric cancer. Scientists in China have found that alcohol is an auxiliary carcinogen such as liver cancer, which can enhance the carcinogenicity of other carcinogens. As a solvent, alcohol makes other carcinogens more easily absorbed by tissues and cells. In the process of brewing, if the raw materials induce mildew and the water, tools and containers used are polluted, the brewed wine is often polluted by carcinogens, including nitrosodimethylamine, aflatoxin, asbestos arsenic and nickel. In addition, there are pigments and flavors in the wine that are suspected of causing cancer. If a person has the habit of smoking and drinking, the synergistic effect of tobacco and alcohol increases the possibility of cancer, especially head and neck tumors. People who smoke and drink alcohol have a higher risk of cancer than the average incidence of the population 15 times. There is also a certain relationship between drinking and the occurrence of breast cancer.
Among so many liver diseases, hepatitis is the most common one, and infectious hepatitis is the most common one. Infectious hepatitis is caused by viruses. Viruses are smaller pathogens than bacteria and can't be seen by ordinary microscopes. It needs an electron microscope with a magnification of ten thousand times to see its face clearly. Although it is small, it can drill into human liver cells, and ordinary antibacterial drugs can't help it. Besides, it is contagious. This virus can enter healthy people from patients through diet or blood, so that healthy people also have hepatitis, so it is called infectious hepatitis.
Infectious hepatitis is common in type A, B, C, D and E5. Among them, type A and E are transmitted through the digestive tract. These patients can excrete the virus through feces. If these viruses pollute food or water, healthy people will eat these polluted foods, and if the body's resistance is not good, they will get hepatitis. Hepatitis B, C and D viruses are transmitted through blood. Transfusion of blood from these patients and the use of syringes used by these patients without thorough disinfection can all cause hepatitis B and C infections, and a mother with hepatitis virus in her body can also transmit these viruses to her children.
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C can become chronic hepatitis in some patients, and the course of disease is extended to several years or even ten years, which seriously affects the health of patients. Some patients with chronic hepatitis eventually develop cirrhosis. Patients with jaundice, ascites, and increased portal vein pressure can rupture the lower esophageal or gastric fundus vessels. The patient may vomit blood, the patient's spleen is swollen, white blood cells and platelets are reduced, and the immunity is obviously reduced. Some patients can gradually develop into hepatic coma. At first, patients' cognitive ability declined, old friends didn't know each other, they didn't recognize their homes when they went out, and they used shoes as urinals. You may be completely unconscious in the future, and if you don't get proper treatment, you will often lose your life.
Some patients with liver cirrhosis will develop liver cancer. The early symptoms are not obvious. In the later stage, there was severe pain in the liver area and no appetite. People will soon lose weight, jaundice and ascites will appear, and cancer will also spread to the lungs and bones. Metastasis to the lungs can cause hemoptysis and shortness of breath. Metastasis to bones can lead to fractures, and if it is transferred to spinal bones, it can also lead to paraplegia. Liver cancer can be cured if it can be found early, but the treatment effect is poor if it cannot be found early.
Our research shows that the number of elderly people who rely on alcohol is increasing all over the world. Alcohol dependence is the result of heavy drinking all the year round. Alcohol dependence usually begins around the age of 30. In foreign countries, alcohol dependence of the elderly can be divided into three types.
Early hairstyle: alcohol dependence has been formed at a young age. The problem of drinking alcohol existed before the age of 40, that is, after severe alcohol dependence, people often drink alcohol continuously for a short time, causing alcohol seizures, hallucinations and delusions. These are easy to cause social and family problems caused by drinking.
Senile deterioration type: gradually aggravated on the basis of early onset, and alcohol dependence needs to be treated after 55 years old.
Delayed onset: no alcohol dependence when young. After the age of 55, there are problems in work, family and body that cannot be solved. In the case of depression, it can lead to alcohol dependence.
The results show that with the extension of people's life span, the problem of alcohol dependence of the elderly is becoming increasingly prominent. Most of the reasons for alcohol dependence of the elderly are loneliness and loss after retirement. There are also quite a few people who have mild alcohol dependence when they are young, but in the old age, the amount of alcohol consumption does not decrease but increases, forming obvious alcohol dependence. In addition, it is worth noting that the cultural level of the dependents is improving. This also shows that some people with high educational level have a strong ability to control drinking when they are young, but in old age, some psychological problems lead to alcohol dependence. Therefore, for highly educated drinkers, it is more important for them to reduce drinking or give up drinking as early as possible in their old age to prevent them from becoming alcohol addicts.
With the change of lifestyle, liver disease has also been tossed out. Let's start with alcoholic liver disease. Just look at the name. This disease is related to alcohol. The chemical composition of alcohol is ethanol. After drinking alcohol, ethanol enters the liver through the portal vein, where it is metabolized and evolved into acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is only a hepatotoxic substance, which has obvious damage to the liver, from fatty liver to cirrhosis. According to research, drinking 40 grams of wine and about 2 ounces of white wine every day will definitely cause alcoholic liver disease five years later. If you drink eight ounces a day, you may cause acute alcoholic liver disease within two weeks.
With the improvement of people's material living standards in China, more and more liver diseases-fatty liver have appeared. Excessive intake of fatty substances exceeds the physiological needs of the body and accumulates in the liver. Sugar substances, including rice, noodles and steamed bread, which we eat too much and lack exercise, will also turn into fat and accumulate in the liver. If these fatty substances enter liver cells, liver function will be damaged. Transaminase and transpeptidase will increase. If it cannot be corrected, it may develop into cirrhosis. Fatty liver has now become a common disease in economically developed areas.
Digestive system complications
(1) Oral cavity and pharynx are the first places to contact alcohol. The study found that the incidence of oral cancer and pharyngeal cancer in alcoholics increased significantly. In addition, most alcoholics have poor oral hygiene, so dental caries are more common. Because of vitamin B 1, the tongue can be atrophied, smooth and beef-like red, and oral bleeding often indicates that liver disease has entered the advanced stage or complicated with coagulation disorder.
(2) Reflux esophagitis is common in esophageal alcohol abusers. When alcoholics develop cirrhosis, portal hypertension often leads to esophageal varices, which is easy to bleed at this time.
(3) Stomach and small intestine People have long noticed that alcohol has a direct toxic effect on the gastric mucosa, which can destroy the natural barrier of the stomach. It was found that with the aggravation of alcohol abuse, the gastric mucosa could show inflammation, tissue destruction and bleeding respectively, and the clinical diagnosis was gastritis.
(4) The etiology of acute pancreatic pancreatitis is very complicated, but foreign studies (such as Sheely. 1980) say that about 30%-60% of pancreatitis is related to drinking.
Related. The treatment principle of alcohol-related acute pancreatitis requires patients to abstain from alcohol, and the rest can refer to internal medicine. Follow-up showed that if the patient did not give up drinking,
It is easy to develop into acute recurrent pancreatitis or chronic pancreatitis.
(5) Liver alcohol-related liver disease is one of the serious complications of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. According to statistics, in the United States, deaths caused by alcohol-related liver diseases. Among all kinds of liver diseases, alcohol-related cirrhosis is the fourth leading cause of death for men aged 35-54 and the fifth leading cause of death for women of this age.
As we all know, China has a wine culture for thousands of years. Moderate drinking can add festive atmosphere, but excessive drinking not only harms people's lives, but also harms families and society. Alcohol dependence and its related problems are the third largest public health problem after cardiovascular diseases and tumors. The clinical manifestations of patients with alcohol dependence include nervous system complications, digestive system complications and cardiovascular complications. In addition, excessive drinking also has some negative effects on reproductive and endocrine systems. According to statistics, men around the age of 40 are the most "drunkards", and some people drown their sorrows by drinking, which leads to drunken troubles, fights, drunken car accidents and other illegal and criminal cases. According to the statistics of the traffic department alone, in recent years, 80% of all traffic accidents are caused by drunk driving, and alcohol has become an increasingly serious threat to our health.