environmental pollution
The battery pollutes the environment seriously, and one battery can pollute dozens of cubic meters of water. Some people even say that waste batteries treated with domestic garbage in Japan will cause Minamata disease and other hazards, and a section of No.5 waste batteries can turn a square meter of land into garbage.
The battery mainly contains iron, zinc, manganese and so on. In addition, it also contains a small amount of mercury, which is toxic.
Damage to human health
Waste batteries contain toxic substances such as mercury, cadmium, lead and zinc. If people are poisoned by mercury, it will damage the central nervous system and the mortality rate is as high as 40%. The main harm of cadmium is nephrotoxicity, and it can also cause "pain" (causing osteoporosis, rickets and fractures), and it is also a carcinogen; Eating lead-containing food will affect the synthesis of enzymes and normal heme, and affect the nervous system;
Within one month of landfill treatment, the metal shell of waste batteries will be corroded and perforated, and harmful substances in waste batteries will enter the soil and water, causing environmental pollution. According to environmental experts, if 6 tons of domestic waste is mixed with a mercury-containing battery, when the waste is buried, the mercury concentration in the soil will exceed the safety standard; If waste batteries are mixed with domestic garbage and enter the incineration plant, mercury, cadmium and other metals in them will be gasified and discharged into the atmosphere at high temperature, polluting the atmospheric environment and affecting human health.
Mercury and cadmium in the battery will not leak out and cause harm during normal use.
Cadmium is an element that the human body does not need. Cadmium in human body is accumulated from the external environment through respiratory tract and digestive tract after birth. The clinical manifestations of chronic poisoning are emphysema, bone changes and anemia. Japan has found that some areas suffer from painful diseases (bone pain) due to long-term consumption of contaminated rice and water with high cadmium content. The main lesion is osteomalacia, and the pain starts from the lower limbs and then spreads to the whole body until bedridden.
Chromate dust and chromate salt spray can cause perforation of nasal septum, and some long-term contacts have headache, emaciation, digestive dysfunction, gastrointestinal ulcer and mild renal injury. People pay more and more attention to the carcinogenic problem of chromium, and the incidence of lung cancer and sexually transmitted diseases in ferrochromium smelting workers is higher than that in other occupations.
Nickel is usually ingested from the diet and is thought to induce lung cancer and sinus cancer. It has been reported abroad that the average length of service of nickel-induced lung cancer is 27 years. Nickel poisoning mainly causes respiratory system damage, and in severe cases, people are unconscious or unconscious, complicated with myocardial damage.
Mercury is fat-soluble. Can enter the central nervous system through the blood-brain barrier. Mercury is distributed in all tissues and organs, mainly in the liver. After entering the body for two weeks, 85%-90% is stored in the kidney. The main symptoms of chronic mercury poisoning are excitability, tremor and stomatitis, while mild poisoning includes neurasthenia syndrome, autonomic nervous dysfunction, impatience, irritability and crying. And severe poisoning causes obvious personality changes, emotional disorders and mental retardation.
Lead is mainly ingested through food, drinks and the atmosphere. According to American research, the serious adverse effects on health will increase with the increase of human blood lead concentration. Because lead is not easily excreted, it will affect the kidney, liver, nervous system and hematopoietic organs, from hypertension (increasing the risk of heart attack in middle-aged people), interfering with renal function and reproductive function, to irreversible damage to the brain. High blood lead can lead to behavioral problems, low IQ and difficulty in concentration in children.
Manganese is an essential trace element for human body, but excessive absorption will cause poisoning. Manganese can enter through respiratory tract or digestive tract. Liver is the main accumulation organ of manganese. Excessive inhalation of manganese can accumulate in the central nervous system, and its excretion is slower than other organs.