Prepregnancy care
What is pre-pregnancy care? Pre-pregnancy health care is to help pregnant women master the scientific knowledge and skills of eugenics through targeted information dissemination and behavioral intervention, urge pregnant women to make full use of pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination, consciously adopt behaviors and lifestyles conducive to eugenics, eliminate or alleviate risk factors affecting fertility, and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes such as birth defects.
Pre-pregnancy health care includes health education and consultation, health examination, health status and evaluation, and health guidance.
Prepregnancy health care knowledge
Some physical women have some difficulties in getting pregnant because of congenital factors. Before preparing for pregnancy, they must take good care of their bodies and welcome the arrival of the fetus in the best health. Everything about fetal growth depends on the mother. Before pregnancy, the mother should adjust the gastrointestinal function in advance and strengthen the storage and absorption of nutrients (folic acid, minerals, vitamins, etc.). ) needed for pregnancy, so as to provide adequate nutrition for the fetus, reduce morning sickness during pregnancy, prevent early abortion, and relieve discomfort symptoms such as pregnancy edema.
Pre-pregnancy care should pay attention to the following points:
1, kidney deficiency, irregular menstrual cycle
The menstrual cycle is uncertain, and I don't know how to calculate the ovulation period, so it is relatively difficult to conceive. The normal menstrual cycle of women is 25~35 days. Menstrual period is longer than 35 days, and shorter than 24 days. The ideal cycle is 28 days, that is, the follicular phase and luteal phase each account for 14 days, because ovulation is easy to master, and the chances of pregnancy will naturally be more. Too long or too short menstrual period is mostly related to endocrine and controlled by kidney. Therefore, irregular menstrual cycle can be treated by regulating chong and ren and kidney qi.
2, liver depression and internal heat, endocrine disorders
The mental stress of modern women's work will also affect endocrine functions such as hypothalamus-pituitary. Emotional stress is mostly related to the so-called liver function in traditional Chinese medicine, that is, the function of liver body yin to use yang, store liver blood, liver yin and regulate qi. Liver depression may lead to endocrine abnormalities, and the common premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual scabies and constipation in modern women are all related to this.
3. Spleen deficiency and poor spleen and stomach function
People with this constitution usually have bad stomach and diarrhea, which leads to malnutrition. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the nutrition of Ren meridian comes from the nutrition absorbed by the spleen and stomach. Therefore, if the mother is undernourished and weak, the fetus will also be affected during pregnancy and will not grow up easily. Only when the stomach and intestines are healthy, food and nutrition can be fully absorbed, and sufficient supplies can be provided for the fetus to ensure the baby's health.
Pay attention to healthy diet before pregnancy.
A healthy diet before pregnancy is very important, so pay more attention to:
First, women's diet
1, avoid spicy food: Chili, pepper, pepper and other condiments are irritating, and eating more can cause constipation in normal people. If expectant mothers who plan to get pregnant eat a lot of this kind of food, digestive dysfunction will also occur. So I suggest you try to avoid eating this kind of food.
2, avoid drinking: alcohol is an important factor leading to fetal malformation and mental retardation.
3. Avoid eating too much sugar: If you often eat high-sugar foods, it will often cause disorder of sugar metabolism and even become a potential diabetic.
4. Avoid eating monosodium glutamate: the ingredient of monosodium glutamate is sodium glutamate. Eating too much will affect the absorption of zinc, which is not conducive to the development of fetal nervous system.
5, avoid eating ginseng, longan: Chinese medicine believes that most pregnant women are yin deficiency and blood deficiency, eating people will cause qi and yin consumption, aggravate early pregnancy reaction, edema, high blood pressure; Longan warms the yang, and pregnant women eat it easily to replenish blood and abort. So I suggest you think carefully before eating.
6. Avoid eating pickled foods: Although these foods are delicious, they contain nitrite and phenylpropyl pyrene. It is very harmful to the body.
7. People with allergies should be careful to eat sensitized foods: the impact of eating foods that may be sensitized on the fetus has not yet attracted people's attention, but in fact, sensitized foods are likely to cause malignant consequences such as abortion, premature delivery and fetal malformation.
8. Avoid eating all kinds of contaminated food: The whole process of food from the production of its raw materials to before eating will go through many necessary links, which may be polluted to varying degrees and bring harm to people's health. Therefore, try to choose fresh natural foods and avoid eating foods containing additives, pigments and preservatives; Vegetables should be thoroughly cleaned, and fruits should be peeled before eating to avoid pesticide pollution.
9. Avoid eating canned food: Additives and preservatives contained in canned food are risk factors for teratogenesis and abortion.
Second, the male diet.
Decreased preference for high-protein meat: Most young men prefer meat. Although the production of sperm requires high-quality protein, if the intake of high-protein substances is too high and the intake of vitamins is insufficient, it will easily lead to acidic constitution and make it difficult to get pregnant.
Pre-pregnancy care and disease prevention
1, rubella virus infection
Rubella is a respiratory infectious disease caused by rubella virus infection. Symptoms after illness are often mild, manifested as sudden fever, headache, fatigue, accompanied by sneezing, coughing, sore throat and other discomfort, and then a rash from the face to the whole body. But after 3 days, the rash will subside, the body temperature will drop, and the condition will recover quickly.
2. Cytomegalovirus infection
Cytomegalovirus is the largest virus in the human herpesvirus group. When pregnant women are exposed to cytomegalovirus, the virus will enter the placenta and cause fetal infection. In addition, some pregnant women with latent infection can be activated to be discharged from urinary tract or birth canal in the late stage of pregnancy shock, and newborns will also be infected through birth canal during delivery.
3, varicella-zoster virus infection
Chickenpox-herpes zoster virus is stored in the herpes fluid of patients' upper respiratory tract and rash, and can be transmitted to others through respiratory droplets or direct contact. After the virus invades the body, it first propagates in the upper respiratory tract and nasopharynx, then invades the blood circulation, invades the skin and internal organs, causing chickenpox and herpes zoster.
4. Herpes virus infection
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is widespread in the population, and patients and virus carriers are the sources of infection. Among them, oral herpes can cause infections of the mouth, lips, eyes, brain and waist, mostly recessive infections, without symptoms; Genital herpes can cause infections in the genitals and below the waist.
5. Toxoplasma infection
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan, crescent-shaped or bow-shaped, so small that it can only be seen under a microscope. Nowadays, many people have pets such as cats and dogs. These pets may be parasitic with Toxoplasma gondii, especially cats.
6. Malaria
Malaria, commonly known as "pendulum", is a parasitic disease caused by plasmodium transmitted by mosquitoes. Generally speaking, the Huanghuai Plain in China is an endemic area of malaria, which mostly occurs in the summer when there are many mosquitoes.
7. Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by hepatitis B virus, which is easy for the general population. At present, the carrying rate of hepatitis B virus in China is about 10%-20%, and it is not uncommon for pregnant women to carry hepatitis B virus during pregnancy.
8. Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by gonococcal infection, and it is the most common sexually transmitted disease. It is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse, but the toilet, bath towel, bathtub or clothes contaminated by germs can also cause infection.
9. Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a chronic wasting disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can occur in many parts of the whole body, such as tuberculosis and intestinal tuberculosis. Pelvic cavity is also a common site of tuberculosis, which can lead to infertility.
10, genital herpes
Genital herpes, also known as vulvar herpes, is caused by human herpesvirus II infection and can be transmitted through sexual intercourse or similar sexual intercourse. It is also a relatively common sexually transmitted disease.