Childhood is a period of rapid development of children's body and mind, and it is also a very fragile period, which is prone to various nutritional diseases and infectious diseases, and children's psychological and behavioral problems often lay a curse during this period. To cultivate a smart and healthy baby, please carry out systematic health care as soon as possible.
What does children's systematic health care include?
According to the requirements of the Ministry of Health, check at least 4 times a year for 0~ 1 year-old, 2 times a year for 1~3-year-old and 1 time for 4~7-year-old. Specific projects include:
1, weight, length, head circumference, chest circumference measurement, growth and development detection; Systematically check the head, facial features, chest and abdomen, limbs, etc.
2. The children's intellectual development is carried out at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months and 30 months.
Fertility test.
3. Choose 6 months, 1 year, 2 years old and 3 years old for a routine blood test.
4. Selective determination of trace elements, blood lead, dietary evaluation and bone alkaline phosphatase as appropriate.
5. Health care guidance: guidance and promotion in feeding, nutrition, life care, disease prevention and intellectual development.
What is a high-risk baby? The so-called high-risk babies refer to those babies who exist in the perinatal period or after birth and may cause damage or development of the nervous system.
Among children, the common obstacles are:
The mother has pregnancy-induced hypertension, infection during pregnancy and abnormal fetal heart rate before delivery; Cesarean section, forceps, fetal aspiration, breech delivery; Premature delivery, overdue delivery, low weight, macrosomia, intrauterine growth retardation; Intrauterine hypoxia, dystocia, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, jaundice is too high and too long and so on.
What are the hazards of high-risk babies? The potential harm of high-risk infants is brain injury, which can cause: cerebral palsy, mental retardation, epilepsy, visual and hearing impairment, etc.
Once infant brain injury occurs, the earlier the treatment, the better the curative effect. Once the critical period of treatment is missed, the later treatment will be much more difficult, which is likely to delay the child's life. When to add non-staple food and complementary food to your baby? The addition time is usually 4~6 months. The purpose is:
1, which can supplement the nutritional deficiency of milk and meet the needs of growth and development.
2, training chewing ability.
3. Prepare for weaning.
How to add complementary food to your baby
Principle: from less to more, from thin to thick, from fine to thick, from one to many, in terms of baby's health and digestion.
When the function is normal.
Addition scheme: vegetable juice, fruit juice, rice flour, egg yolk, vegetable puree, fruit puree, porridge rotten noodles, porridge, cauliflower, liver puree, fish puree, minced meat and tofu for 4-6 months.
10~ 12 months old rotten rice, wonton, various soft vegetables, minced meat, fish and other nutrients are deficient in vitamin A: cod liver oil, pig liver, eggs (chickens), cream, human milk, milk, spinach and carrots. Vitamin B 1 deficiency: soybean, cereal, millet, standard flour, pork, pig liver, pig heart and adzuki bean. Vitamin B2 deficiency: fresh eggs, pork, beef, fresh milk, grains, spinach and dried yeast. Vitamin B6 deficiency: beef liver, beef kidney, cream, peanuts, potatoes, white rice, cabbage, carrots. vitamin C
Lack: fresh grapefruit juice, lemon juice, fresh orange juice and fresh tomato juice. Vitamin B 12 deficiency: beef liver, lamb leg, soybean, milk. Iron deficiency anemia: animal blood, liver, lean meat, fungus, kelp, laver, iron fortified food. Zinc deficiency: seafood, eggs, meat, nuts, zinc fortified foods.
How to prevent rickets
1. Pregnant women and lactating mothers should get more sunshine, eat more foods rich in vitamin D and calcium, and supplement vitamin D and calcium preparations.
After the full moon, the children began to bask in the sun. It starts from 5~ 10 minutes and gradually increases to 1~2 hours. Insist on outdoor activities in winter and stay in the shade and under the eaves when the sun is too strong in summer. Vitamin D400IU should be supplemented every day from half a month, and calcium can be supplemented appropriately from 3 months.
Children over 3 years old can bask in the sun in summer and take vitamin D in winter? .
How to prevent childhood obesity? Obesity in children usually refers to simple obesity, which is often caused by dietary factors, that is, intake is greater than consumption, which leads to excessive fat accumulation and weight exceeding a certain range, which is also related to too little activity, genetic factors and psychological factors. Simple obesity should focus on prevention;
1, to ensure that children eat a balanced diet and exercise more.
2, regular growth tests, obesity will be corrected immediately.
3. If you find that your child is overweight, go to the obesity clinic for consultation, check and make a weight loss plan.
4, psychotherapy, education for children, let children know for themselves.
It is harmful to the body, so that it can consciously control its diet and take part in physical exercise.