2, overworked staying up late: overworked staying up late, in the current social situation, is very common, but busy work, often staying up late, lack of sleep, fatigue, will cause relatively insufficient blood flow in the liver, affect the nutrition and moisturizing of liver cells, and reduce the resistance, resulting in damaged liver cells difficult to repair and deteriorate.
3. Liver disease with abnormal immune function can cause abnormal immune response, which is one of the important causes of liver injury. For example, humoral immunity and cellular immunity caused by hepatitis B virus can damage liver cells; The surface antigen (hbsag), core antigen (hbcag) and E antigen (hbeag) of hepatitis B virus can bind to the surface of liver cells, change the antigenicity of liver cell membrane and cause autoimmunity. Another example is primary biliary cirrhosis, where there are many antibodies (anti-small bile duct antibody, anti-mitochondrial antibody, anti-smooth muscle antibody, anti-nuclear antibody, etc.). ) In patients' blood, it may also be an autoimmune disease.
4. When bile and methionine are lacking, insufficient nutrition can cause fatty change in the liver. This is because the transport of fat in the liver must first be converted into phospholipids (mainly lecithin), and choline is an essential component of lecithin. Methionine provides methyl for bile synthesis. When these substances are deficient, the clearance of fat from the liver is blocked, resulting in fatty degeneration of the liver.
5. Biliary obstruction Biliary obstruction (such as stones, tumors, roundworms, etc.). ) causes cholestasis. If the time is too long, liver ischemia can be caused by the damage of residual bile to liver cells and the oppression of blood sinuses by dilated bile ducts in the liver, which leads to degeneration and necrosis of liver cells.
6. Blood circulation disorders such as chronic heart failure can lead to liver congestion and hypoxia.
7. Destruction of liver tissue by tumors such as liver cancer.
8. Genetic defects Some liver diseases are hereditary diseases caused by genetic defects. For example, because the liver cannot synthesize ceruloplasmin, copper metabolism is blocked, causing hepatolenticular degeneration; There is a lack of 1- glucogalactosidase in hepatocytes.
9. Infection with parasites (Schistosoma japonicum, Clonorchis sinensis, Entamoeba), leptospira, bacteria and viruses can cause liver damage; Among them, virus is the most common (such as viral hepatitis).
10. Chemical poisoning, such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, phosphorus, antimony, arsenic, etc. It can often destroy the enzyme system of liver cells, cause metabolic disorder, or inhibit the process of oxidative phosphorylation, reduce atp production, and lead to degeneration and necrosis of liver cells; Some drugs, such as chlorpromazine, p-aminosalicylic acid, isoniazid, some iodoamines and antibiotics (such as tetracycline), even at therapeutic doses, can cause liver damage in a few people, which may be related to allergies.