1, cattle farm site selection
Choose beef cattle farm. It is forbidden to build livestock farms in drinking water source areas, natural scenery protection areas, residential areas and educational and scientific research areas. The most suitable place for farm conditions is a place with high terrain, no humidity and gentle slope, so it is convenient to plant grass around, and there is also a need for adequate water and power supply.
2. Cowshed building
The rebuilt cowshed is generally open or semi-open. Cowshed eaves are generally double-row spans12m wide, and single-row spans 7m wide. Cattle beds are reasonably placed in the cowshed. Generally, ten cows can be placed in the cowshed per square meter, five cows can be placed in the fattening cowshed per square meter, and up to 20 cows can be placed in the sports ground per square meter.
3. Variety selection
Beef cattle in China have strong adaptability and good taste, but the growth rate of beef cattle is slow and the meat yield is low. However, foreign beef cattle are large in size, fast in growth and high in meat yield, but have higher requirements on feeding conditions, so foreign beef cattle are suitable for concentrate.
In order to improve the fattening effect of beef cattle, domestic and foreign hybrid beef cattle breeds should be selected. This kind of beef cattle inherits the large size of foreign beef cattle, and it grows fast and produces high meat. Beef cattle breeds in northern China are generally high-quality fattening breeds produced by crossbreeding beef cattle such as Simmental and Limousin with local beef cattle.
Step 4 feed scientifically
The feeding of beef cattle is different from that of farm cattle, and it needs to be fed with coarse concentrate. Usually roughage is mainly grass, straw, sweet potato vine and so on. And adding concentrate every day to increase the nutrition needed by beef cattle can shorten the feeding time and improve economic benefits.
Beef concentrate generally contains bean cake, rice flour, soybean meal, bran, vitamins, corn flour, and some minerals scientifically matched according to the nutritional needs of beef cattle.
When the weight of growing calves is about 200 kg, the feed concentrate is 5% rapeseed meal, 16% soybean meal, 4% beef premix, 7% cottonseed meal, 18% wheat bran and 50% corn, which are evenly mixed and fed to beef cattle.
When the calf weighs more than 250kg, the beef premix ratio is increased by 6%, and the soybean meal, cotton meal and wheat bran are each increased by 7% rapeseed meal and 42% corn, and then mixed and stirred before feeding the calf.
5. Fattening method
The continuous fattening method is 12 ~ 18 months after weaning. This method is generally used in the production of high-grade beef, the production cycle of beef cattle will not be too long, and the amount of feed can be saved, so that the economic benefits of beef cattle can be significantly improved.
Continuous fattening is usually used in cowshed or grazing. When feeding and fattening in cowshed, it is necessary to maintain a good environment in cowshed and ensure the quality of life of fattened calves; Grazing and fattening need to strengthen the feeding of concentrated feed.
The fattening method of frame cattle, which is about one year old, is the peak period of beef cattle growth, so this method is most suitable for fattening. When buying framed cattle, you should carefully observe the shape and characteristics of the cattle. It is best to choose cattle with large skeleton, no disease and good development, and choose bulls first and then castrate cattle in terms of gender.