Characteristics of community nursing:
1. Give priority to prevention and health care.
The service aim of community nursing is to improve the health level of community people, and the main goal is to prevent diseases and promote health. Through primary prevention channels, such as health and epidemic prevention, infectious disease control, accident prevention, health education, etc. To achieve the purpose of promoting and maintaining health. Compared with hospital nursing, community nursing service pays more attention to active prevention. By applying the professional theories, techniques and methods of public health and nursing, we can promote community health and reduce the incidence of community population.
2. Emphasize group health
Community nursing takes the whole community as the service object and the family and community as the basic service units. The work of community nursing is to collect and analyze the health status of the community population and solve the health problems in the community by using the working methods of nursing procedures, rather than simply taking care of a person or a family. Community population includes health and disease, disabled or dying people, families, groups, people of all ages and social classes. The objects of community health care include: individuals, families, groups, people and communities.
3. Decentralization of work scope and long-term service of community nursing.
The service objects of community nursing are relatively scattered, which makes the work scope of community nurses wider and puts forward certain requirements for the convenience of transportation; In addition, the care needs of specific customers in the community, such as the chronically ill, the disabled and the elderly, are long-term.
4. Integrated services
Because there are many factors that affect people's health, community nurses are required to provide comprehensive services to community people, families and individuals from the aspects of health management, social support, family and individual protection and consultation in addition to the basic contents of preventing diseases, promoting health and maintaining health.
This service covers all ages and diseases; The service category "six in one" embodies the whole of physiology, psychology and society.
It can be seen that community nursing involves a wide range and is also very difficult, which requires nurses to have high-level and comprehensive knowledge and skills.
5. Barrier-free care services
Community nursing belongs to the category of primary health care, and its basic requirement is that all community people can get corresponding services when needed. This requires that nursing services should be close, convenient and active to meet the health needs of the community.
Judging from the current requirements of community health service management, it is required to reach the service within 2 kilometers or walk 15-20 minutes.
6. Have a high degree of autonomy and independence.
The work scope of community nurses is very wide, so it is necessary to use epidemiological methods to predict and find high-risk groups prone to health problems. In many cases, community nurses need to solve their own health problems alone. Therefore, community nurses are more independent than hospital nurses, and they need to have the ability to understand, analyze and solve problems.
7. Multidisciplinary cooperation
Community nursing is a team work. In order to achieve the goal of a healthy community, community nurses should not only cooperate closely with medical and health care personnel, but also cooperate with the personnel of community administration, welfare, education, factories, mines, institutions and other institutions to complete their work. We should also make use of various organizational forces in the community, such as home economics classes, community vocational promotion committees, and prospective parents classes. And public participation to carry out the work.