The body is the physical entity of human physiological existence. Modern science's in-depth study of human development has learned the basic factors of human physical development and that children inherit the physiological characteristics of their parents through genetic information. Good environment and nutrition can enhance their health. Besides work, physical exercise can better promote the all-round development of the human body.
Healthy and beautiful body, abundant energy and unyielding will are all manifestations of good health. A healthy body is the material basis for independent living and social contribution. Physical weakness not only affects one's own survival and happiness, but also may become a burden to others, and it may be difficult to realize one's ideals and ambitions.
Physical fitness generally refers to the basic ability of human muscle activity, which is a comprehensive reflection of the skills of various systems and organs in the process of muscle work. Therefore, information, living environment (including material environment and spiritual environment) and physical exercise have great influence on people's physical quality.
Physical quality can show a person's physical condition vividly, concretely and comprehensively. It mainly includes feeling, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, sensitivity and coordination. Sensory quality includes morphological perception ability (ability to recognize the details of objects or images), color discrimination ability and spatial judgment ability; Strength quality refers to the basic ability of human muscles when they are tense or contracting, and is the primary quality of human movement; Speed quality is the activity ability to complete an action in the shortest time, which is mainly manifested in the reaction speed, action speed and displacement speed in periodic movement. Endurance quality refers to the human body's ability to resist fatigue, mainly including muscle endurance and cardiovascular endurance. Flexibility and endurance quality refer to the ability to increase the range of activities during human exercise; Sensitive quality refers to the ability of human body to complete an action flexibly, quickly and accurately under complex conditions, which is a comprehensive performance of various physical and psychological qualities; Coordination quality refers to the coordination and perfection of human movements, including the coordination and coordination between eyes, hands and feet, and the dexterity of palms and fingers.
The body is the carrier of a person's various qualities. Healthy body and good physique are the material conditions for persisting in work and exerting intelligence. In professional posts, both mental and physical work require good physical fitness.
Physical weakness, illness or defect are very unfavorable for choosing a job. The dysfunction of some sensory organs is often rejected by some employers.
2. Psychological quality
Psychology refers to a person's psychological process and personality psychological characteristics. Including feeling, perception, memory, thinking, emotion, will, interest, personality, ability and other psychological phenomena.
Science has proved that psychology is the function of the brain, and the brain is the organ of psychology and the material basis of psychological activities. The human brain is an organ with a special organizational form and a highly perfect material structure. It has the special function of reflecting the objective reality, thus producing people's psychology. Only the role of objective things can make the human brain produce corresponding psychology. Therefore, psychology is the subjective image of objective things. Social practice is the foundation of the emergence and development of human psychology.
People's psychology is formed on the basis of highly developed physiology and influenced by labor and language in social practice. People's psychological process, that is, the process of the occurrence and development of psychological activities, can be divided into cognitive process, emotional process and will process, which are both different and related. Cognitive process is the process that human brain reflects objective reality, including feeling, perception, memory, thinking and imagination. Emotional process is the self's attitude and experience towards objective things. People not only know things and produce emotions, but also take practical actions to achieve a certain goal. The whole psychological process from setting goals, making up your mind, choosing action methods to implementing plans to achieve the set goals is the process of will. The three processes of cognition, emotion and will are closely related and influence each other.
Psychological development changes with age. It is an evolutionary process from continuous accumulation of quantity to qualitative change; It is a process of constant change and improvement from low level to high level, from simple to complex, from old quality to new quality.
People's psychological development is unbalanced and individual differences are great. The development progress of various psychological processes and personality characteristics and the period of reaching maturity are different for everyone, slow and fast, long and short. The development of people's various psychological activities does not go hand in hand, but there are still mutual connections and constraints.
Personality, temperament, ability and other characteristics shown by personality differences are the psychological characteristics of personality. Psychological process is the condition and manifestation of the formation of personality psychology; Personality psychology is the most important subjective factor that affects and restricts the quality and effect of psychological process.
What are the factors that affect psychological development? The following factors are important:
Genetic factors. It is the material premise of psychological development. On the one hand, it affects the development of intelligence through the characteristics of the central nervous system, the sensitivity of sensory organs and the structure of motor organs, on the other hand, it affects people's personality through temperament. Without normal genetic factors, it is impossible to have normal psychology. Neither brainless nor specially trained animals have the psychology of normal people.
Physiological maturity factors. Physiological maturity refers to the change and development of physiological function and structure, which has certain procedures and laws. The physical maturity of human beings is also the material premise of psychological development, which limits the order and law of psychological development to some extent. Whether the brain is mature or not has a great influence on intellectual development.
Social living conditions. This is the decisive factor of psychological development. Genetic factors and their differences can make people's psychology develop to a certain extent, with some differences, but this is not absolute. Psychology is the reflection of the human brain on the objective reality in social practice, therefore, the social living conditions determine people's psychological development.
Educational factors. Family, school and social education play an important role in people's psychological development. The purpose, planning, systematicness and professionalism of school education determine that it is educated according to the laws and characteristics of psychological development, so it plays a leading role in people's psychological development.
Any activity of people is carried out with the participation of certain psychological activities. The more complex the activity, the greater the participation in psychological activities.
There are many ways of people's psychological activities. As far as psychological process is concerned, there are cognitive process, emotional process and will process. As far as the psychological characteristics of personality are concerned, it includes not only the pursuit of personality such as needs, motives and ideals, but also the psychological characteristics such as ability, temperament and personality.
Psychological quality is a stable psychological quality based on innate endowment and formed and developed under the influence of environment and education, which mainly refers to psychological development level and psychological characteristics. Psychological quality is the sublimation and crystallization of long-term psychological activities and the product of social practice.
People's psychological quality includes the following seven aspects:
Cognitive quality. Cognitive quality refers to people's stable tendency and unique style formed in cognitive activities. It includes sensitivity, agility, accuracy, independence, systematicness and stability. In the process of cognitive psychology, we should not only have keen perception, clever thinking and concentrated energy, but also be good at making various cognitive psychological activities compensate each other, making divergent-convergent thinking interact, mastering skills and bringing forth new ideas.
Emotional quality. Emotion is a kind of attitude experience with special color produced by people about whether objective things can meet people's needs. This psychological process includes the development of emotion, emotion and sentiment at three levels. Emotional orientation should conform to the interests of the motherland and the people and the direction of social development. The depth and breadth of emotion should be explored in the modern real social field, with ideals and morality, pursuing nobleness and beauty, and getting rid of low taste. Emotions should be relatively stable and unchangeable. The effectiveness of emotion should be positive, inspiring, inspiring and pushing people forward.
Will quality. Will refers to the psychological process that people consciously regulate their behavior, overcome difficulties and reach their goals with determination. Will quality is embodied in people's consciousness, self-control, decisiveness and firmness. Good-willed people have clear goals in life, study and work, and can consciously push themselves to achieve them; He is good at controlling emotions, restraining words and deeds, being neither arrogant nor impetuous, and acting rationally; He can assess the situation, make decisive decisions and take active actions at urgent and important moments; Once he has made up his mind, he will persevere and be determined to overcome all difficulties and strive for success in the spirit of "a fool moves mountains". On the contrary, people with weak will will be blindly optimistic, get carried away and not make progress in the face of achievements or smooth environment; Under the pressure of danger or adversity, they may be discouraged, unbearable, do nothing and even become deserters. Weak will is the enemy of the cause, and any employer attaches great importance to the will quality of candidates.
Interest quality. Interest is the cognitive tendency to actively explore something. Good interest quality is reflected in a person's interest range is not too narrow, so that his intelligence can be developed in many aspects; It is embodied in having a deep core of interest, gaining profound knowledge in this core and forming creative intellectual advantages; Reflected in the stability and persistence of its interest core, it has produced lasting motivation and created remarkable achievements on the road of personal success.
Motivation quality. In the process of pursuing a certain goal and obtaining a certain need, people will produce an internal theory to promote personal action, which is motivation. Good motivation quality is reflected in a person's motivation to have a correct tendency, so that individual motivation is based on just and reasonable needs; It is reflected in that he has a reasonable motivation system, which can self-adjust the contradiction of motivation, adhere to the dominant motivation, and realize other motives in a coordinated and orderly manner; Reflected in the scientific nature of its motivation, it has great realizability; Reflected in the persistence of its motivation, it maintains the long-term nature of the dominant motivation; Reflected in its clear motivation, clear goals, easy to concentrate and go all out.
Personality quality. Personality refers to people's stable attitude and habitual behavior towards objective things. Personality is the core factor of personality psychology, which involves all fields of psychological activities. A good personality quality is first reflected in a person's good social adaptability, honesty, courtesy, friendliness, diligence and helpfulness, and he is good at establishing a harmonious relationship with people and the environment. Secondly, it is necessary to correctly grasp the personality tendency. Warm and cheerful extroversion and calm and considerate introversion have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they should be good at fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses. In addition, we must have certain independence, be able to think independently, not wait and see or blindly follow, dare to adhere to principles, and dare to compete and explore.
Innovative quality. Innovative quality is the creative ability of all kinds of psychological qualities at the highest level, and the core is creative thinking. It is to imagine, process and conceive on the basis of existing knowledge and experience, so as to open up new ways (such as new ideas, new technologies, new processes and new materials). ) to solve the problems that have not been solved by predecessors. Innovative quality is extremely important for achieving a career, promoting the vigorous development of all work and opening up a new situation.
Good psychological quality is an indispensable condition in the process of talent growth, and it is also a guarantee for whether you can truly stand on your own feet and make contributions. At all times and in all countries, all famous experts with outstanding achievements have excellent psychological quality. Most of them have excellent qualities such as tenacious struggle, perseverance, perseverance, perseverance, tolerance, kindness to others, helpfulness and dedication. American psychologists conducted a 50-year follow-up survey on 1, 500 students, and analyzed 1, 50 most successful students and 1, 50 least successful students. It is found that their intelligence level is not much different, but they do have great differences in emotional, self-confidence, perseverance, social adaptability, internal driving force to achieve their goals and other psychological qualities. Practice has proved that it is precisely because a person's psychological quality has a great influence on his achievements that many employers pay special attention to the psychological quality of new employees. This is the focus of many employers' interviews.