Positive psychology is an important psychological force rising in the west at the end of the 20th century. It pays attention to the positive aspects of human nature, including positive emotional experience, positive personality characteristics and positive social environment, and tries to complete the transformation from negative psychological mode to positive psychological mode. It advocates that psychology should study the positive aspects of human psychology, and emphasizes that psychological problems should be properly explained in a positive way, so as to obtain positive significance. This paper discusses the psychological education of college students.
Keywords: positive psychology; College students; psychology
Introduction and research field of positive psychology
(A) the concept of positive psychology. The founder of positive psychology is Seri Kidman, a famous contemporary American psychologist. What is positive psychology? Sheldon and Laura. Jin's definition shows the essential characteristics of positive psychology: "Positive psychology is a science devoted to the study of human development potential and virtue". Positive psychology focuses on people's own positive factors, and advocates that psychology should take people's inner, practical and potential constructive strength, virtue and kindness as the starting point, and advocate a new explanation of many psychological phenomena (including psychological problems) with a positive attitude, so as to stimulate people's inner positive strength and excellent quality, and use these positive strength and excellent quality to help ordinary people or people with certain talents maximize their potential and get a better life.
(2) The research field of positive psychology. The main contents of "positivity" in positive psychology are as follows: positivity is a response to negative psychology that pays attention to psychological problems in the early stage; Advocating psychology to study the positive aspects of human psychology; Emphasis is placed on making appropriate explanations of psychological problems in a positive way and gaining positive significance from them.
At present, the research field of positive psychology mainly focuses on three directions. One is the subjective study of positive emotional experience: happiness and satisfaction with the past, pleasure with the present, and constructive cognition of the future, such as hope and loyalty; Second, the study of positive personality traits at the individual level: optimism, love and professional ability, courage, interpersonal skills, aesthetic feeling, forgiveness, creativity, talent and wisdom; Thirdly, systematically study the positive organization at the physical level: how to create a good social environment and promote individuals to play the positive aspects of their humanity, such as responsibility, altruism, civilization, patience and professional ethics.
Second, positive psychology and psychological education of college students
In recent years, mental health education in colleges and universities has been paid attention to and developed rapidly. All universities in China have basically set up mental health education institutions, which have played an important role in strengthening students' mental health education. However, there are some misunderstandings in the current mental health education, which think that health means no psychological problems, which makes the ultimate goal of mental health education-maintaining a positive and healthy attitude not realized. And positive psychology, which focuses on people's positive strength, studies people's virtue and potential, and aims at helping everyone get happiness, shows unique potential in this respect. Its combination with mental health education in colleges and universities will certainly bring new vitality to mental health education, so as to better play its role.
(A) positive psychology and the cultivation of innovative psychological quality of college students. Innovative thinking is an important content of positive psychology research and the quality development of college students. The contents of college students' innovative psychological quality education can be summarized as follows: innovative consciousness, that is, constantly exploring innovative interests and desires, being diligent in thinking, being good at discovering and asking questions, and seeking novelty and difference; Innovative thinking, that is, with keen insight and rich imagination, dare to break through the shackles of thinking mode, not for the upper level, not for books, not for teachers, but for reality; Innovative knowledge, that is, having original opinions or deep attainments in a certain field, having a solid foundation and profound cultural background and absorbing the latest knowledge in time; Innovative ability, that is, strong learning ability, information processing ability, research ability and operation ability; Innovative personality, that is, the scientific spirit that dares to doubt, criticize and take risks, can quickly adjust its self-mentality in the face of setbacks, and will not shake its self-belief in any unfavorable environment, and has strong independence because of temporary difficulties and setbacks.
(B) positive psychology and ideological and political education of college students
1. Positive psychological suggestion and ideological and political education of college students. The so-called suggestion: "It is to influence people's psychology and behavior in an implicit and indirect way without confrontation, so that people can act or accept certain opinions in a certain way and make their thoughts and behaviors conform to the will of the suggester." In ideological and political education, we should not only attach importance to the "intelligent" persuasion function of indoctrination education, but also actively use the emotional persuasion function of suggestive education to change the indoctrination education mode and form a good relationship between teachers and students through emotional communication, so that the educated can receive education happily and avoid psychological resistance, which is of certain significance to promoting the all-round development of the educated personality.
There are many methods of suggestion, including language suggestion, behavior suggestion, personality suggestion and environment suggestion. Guiding college students to put forward positive self-psychological suggestions is helpful to enhance the effectiveness of college students' ideological and political education. One is to express your inner feelings in words. The second is to treat every failure as the last time. Third, don't always emphasize negative results to yourself. The fourth is to meet the challenge at the best time. Fifth, don't label yourself as a failure.
2. Positive psychology and the cultivation of college students' positive moral personality. Positive moral personality refers to all kinds of good qualities recognized by individual personality as an active pursuit of certain moral principles and norms. Under the national conditions of contemporary China, the cultivation of college students' positive moral personality is manifested in that college education should guide college students to actively pursue all kinds of goodness recognized by socialist moral principles and norms.
First, enhance the effectiveness of moral theory education and constantly improve the moral cognition level of college students. First, establish the essence, value and dignity of the subject in theoretical indoctrination. The second is to correct the distorted moral values in promoting cognitive dissonance. The third is to improve moral judgment in meeting the moral needs of college students.
Second, carry out moral and emotional education to cultivate students' love, responsibility and sense of justice. Moral emotion is an emotional attitude experience of love, hate or likes and dislikes based on a certain moral understanding, and it is a psychological activity that a person experiences when evaluating his own or others' behavior according to a certain moral standard when dealing with mutual moral relations. The first is to cultivate the emotion of love. The second is to cultivate a sense of obligation. Third, scientifically guide moral behavior and promote the integration of knowledge and practice.
Third, the problems and development direction of positive psychology
(A) the existence of positive psychology. From the above aspects, positive psychology seems to show us a very bright future. However, as far as the current research status of positive psychology is concerned, there are still many problems to be overcome.
(2) The development direction of positive psychology. The research of positive psychology has confirmed that, compared with ordinary people, "those who have positive ideas have better social ethics and stronger social adaptability, and they are more likely to face pressure, adversity and loss, even in the most unfavorable social environment." Now, positive psychology has become a new research direction of contemporary psychology, and its main task will be to build a perfect positive psychology system, develop positive psychology technology and promote the improvement of human life quality.
1. Improve the system of positive psychology. Positive emotional experience is the basic theoretical basis of positive psychology. The purpose of positive psychology is to cultivate and bring up a healthy personality, and to embody the individual's personality advantage in the whole life process. Strengthen the connection between positive emotional experience, positive personality quality and the whole social environment system. We can't study the individual's positive psychology in isolation, but should comprehensively study the influence of harmonious and peaceful society, positive community, positive organization, good social relations, cultural norms and family background on the formation and development of people's positive qualities.
2. Improve the quality of human life. Positive psychology studies people's advantages and values, attaches importance to the positive aspects of human nature, enables psychological science to understand human nature more scientifically, implements more effective and positive interventions, and promotes the benign development of individuals, families and society. Positive psychology pays more attention to rebuilding the new humanistic spirit of human beings, embodying humanistic care, and finally realizing the sustainable development of human beings, which is the essence and goal of its development and growth. Positive psychology is a new discipline that shows deep concern for human destiny and is rational and rigorous.