Pinyin: searchable
English: Cough
Cough is a protective respiratory reflex action of human body. Cough occurs because when foreign bodies, irritating gases and secretions in the respiratory tract stimulate receptors in the respiratory mucosa, impulses are transmitted to the medulla oblongata cough center through afferent nerve fibers, causing cough.
The action of coughing is a short and deep inhalation, the glottis are closed, and the respiratory muscles, intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract rapidly and violently, so that the high-pressure gas in the lungs is ejected, which becomes a cough. With the rapid flow of air, foreign bodies or secretions in the respiratory tract are excreted.
Cough reflex
Cough reflex arc includes four links:
(1) Respiratory nerve terminal receptors, including mechanical receptors, chemoreceptors and lung stretch receptors.
(2) The afferent nerve is vagus nerve fiber.
(3) The cough center of the medulla oblongata is located in the dorsal part of the medulla oblongata, adjacent to the respiratory center.
(4) Efferent nerves, including vagal efferent fibers, superior laryngeal nerves and cranial nerves. They cooperated to complete the cough.
There are many causes of cough, except respiratory organs such as nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, lung and pleura. The vagus nerve of the ears, meninges, heart, esophagus, stomach and other organs is stimulated, and it will also be introduced into the cough center to cause cough.
Cough is the main symptom of respiratory diseases, such as cough without phlegm or dry cough, which is common in the early stage of acute pharyngitis and bronchitis. Acute sudden cough is more common in bronchial foreign bodies; Long-term chronic cough, more common in chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis and so on.
The side effect of cough is that it can spread tracheal lesions to adjacent bronchioles, making the condition worse. In addition, persistent severe cough will affect rest, easily consume physical strength, and can cause the destruction of elastic tissue of alveolar wall and induce emphysema.
◎ Treat cough according to the cause.
Respiratory tract infection caused by various viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms, if the infection is limited to above cricoid cartilage (above pharynx), is upper respiratory tract infection; If the infection develops below cricoid cartilage (below pharynx), it is lower respiratory tract infection, that is, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli and interstitial lung infection. If you use the image of a big tree as an analogy, turn it upside down, with the upper respiratory tract above the root and the lower respiratory tract below the root. The trunk is trachea, the branches are bronchus, the petiole is bronchus, the leaves are alveoli, and the gap between the leaves is interstitial lung. The whole respiratory tract can be invaded by various external factors, resulting in pathological changes. These external factors are not only viruses and bacteria, but also various microorganisms, as well as various physical and chemical factors and environmental factors, or the pathological changes of respiratory mucosa caused by viruses, bacteria and various factors can not be improved with the death of viruses, bacteria and various microorganisms, leading to the damage of respiratory mucosa's own function, thus forming a lasting cough. So this is the crux that even very advanced antibiotics are difficult to treat cough, and the function of respiratory mucosa itself must be improved. Cure the cough.
◎ Diseases that cause cough
From top to bottom, the respiratory tract is: frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. According to the disease spectrum, there are whooping cough, whooping cough syndrome, cold, flu, upper respiratory tract infection, allergic cough's disease, bronchial asthma and cardiogenic cough. According to the type of cough, it can be divided into peripheral cough and central cough. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, it is divided into: damp-heat cough, cold asthma cough, fever cough, cold cough and so on. In the treatment of these diseases, cough treatment is an auxiliary treatment, and the weight of cough treatment cannot be added to cough medicine.
Frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, rhinitis and pharyngitis are all difficult diseases and belong to the category of otorhinolaryngology. However, most children are treated in pediatric internal medicine outpatient department, which is easy to be misdiagnosed. Parents should think of seeing an otolaryngologist to get rid of the cause of cough in time. Even cough caused by tracheitis and pneumonia does not necessarily have active infection. For chronic cough, there is no need to use antibiotics or even antiviral drugs for a long time. In the absence of bacterial or viral infection, long-term use of antibiotics can only increase the side effects of drugs, such as leukopenia, flora imbalance, impaired gastric function, loss of appetite in children, etc., which is not desirable. At this time, the treatment should focus on the protection, repair and functional recovery of respiratory mucosa. For example, taking vitamin AD capsules is conducive to the repair of intima, drinking more water, proper indoor air humidity, improving ciliary movement function, making sputum dilute, easy to discharge, fresh air, reducing indoor dust and physical and chemical factors, and contributing to the recovery of respiratory intima function.
Cough folk prescription, try it.
1 radish honey drink (for cough)
Ingredients: 5 pieces of white radish, 3 pieces of ginger, 3 pieces of jujube and 30 grams of honey.
Production method: Boil radish, ginger and jujube in water for about 30 minutes, remove residues, add honey and cook again.
Heat it. 1 ~ twice a day.
Indications: Radish is pungent, sweet and cool, and has the functions of clearing away heat and promoting fluid production, cooling blood to stop bleeding, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. Its alcohol extract has a strong antibacterial effect on Gram-positive bacteria. Ginger is a commonly used medicine for expelling wind and cold, stopping vomiting and lowering qi, and jujube is often used as a medicine for regulating stomach, nourishing blood and harmonizing. Honey moistens dryness and relieves cough. This beverage has the functions of respecting cold, dispersing lung, expelling wind and relieving cough.
For cough due to wind-cold, cough due to wind-cold should be treated.
Precautions: Infants who are weak and prone to colds and coughs, who have not been cured for a long time or have been repeatedly delayed can try. But it is not suitable for wind-heat cough and yellow phlegm.
Lily honey (special treatment: cough)
Ingredients: 60 grams of lily and 30 grams of honey.
Methods and practices: Lily was washed and dried, mixed with honey, and steamed in a pot.
This honey lily can be used as a snack for babies.
Efficacy: Lily is sweet, slightly bitter and slightly cold. Has effect in moistening lung, relieve cough, clearing away heart fire and tranquilizing mind. It contains starch, protein, fat, various alkaloids, calcium, phosphorus and iron. Pharmacological experiments show that its decoction has antitussive effect on children's cough caused by ammonia water and can resist toad spider asthma caused by histamine. It is used with honey to enhance its lung moistening and cough relieving effects.
Treating chronic bronchitis, dry throat and cough in infants, especially after autumn, is more suitable for constipation.
Note: Infants with spleen deficiency in loose stool should not be selected. This method is convenient to take and suitable for autumn and winter.
Lily Farfara flower drink (special treatment: cough)
Materials: lily 30 ~ 60g, coltsfoot flower 10 ~ 15g, and appropriate amount of rock sugar.
How to make and eat: put all the ingredients together in a casserole and boil with sugar water.
Drink water and eat lilies before going to bed after dinner.
Indications: Lily moistens lung and relieves cough. Tussilago farfara is pungent and warm, and has the functions of moistening lung, relieving cough and resolving phlegm. The extract of this product can slightly dilate bronchi and relieve spasm caused by histamine. Therefore, it has the functions of relieving cough, eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma. The combination of the two drugs has the effects of moistening lung, relieving cough, lowering qi and resolving phlegm.
Treat chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma (remission stage), cough in autumn and winter, dry throat and persistent cough in children.
Note: This drink is suitable for cough in autumn and winter, and is suitable for people with excessive phlegm. Not as effective as bronchial asthma or spastic bronchitis, but it can be used as an adjuvant treatment.
Water chestnut and lily soup (special treatment: cough)
Ingredients: water chestnut 30g, lily 1 g, Sydney 1 piece, and appropriate amount of rock sugar.
Methods and usage: Wash water chestnut, peel and mash it, wash Sydney, chop it up, peel and core it, and wash lily.
Mix and decoct in water, then add appropriate amount of rock sugar and cook until the soup is cooked and thick.
Eat warm.
Indications: Water chestnut is sweet in taste and slightly cold in nature. It has the effects of clearing away heat and promoting fluid production, cooling blood and detoxifying, resolving phlegm and promoting digestion. Contains starch, protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin C and water chestnut, which has effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pear can clear away heat and promote fluid production, moisten dryness and resolve phlegm; Lily moistens the lungs and relieves cough. The combination of the three has the functions of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, resolving phlegm and relieving cough.
Treat phlegm-heat cough, yellow and thick phlegm, and unfavorable throat. For children with chronic bronchitis and phlegm-heat syndrome.
Note: loose stool due to spleen deficiency and expectoration are not suitable. Infants with blood deficiency and weakness should not be used.
5 steamed pears with Fritillaria cirrhosa (special treatment: cough)
Ingredients: Sydney or Yali pear 1 piece, 6 grams of Fritillaria, 20 grams of rock sugar.
Production method: cut the pear, hollow out the stone, and grind Fritillaria cirrhosa into powder. Put it in Sydney and fix the handle with a toothpick. Add rock sugar and a little water to an enlarged bowl and steam for half an hour.
Steamed pears and Fritillaria cirrhosa are eaten together.
Indications: Fritillaria is a good medicine for resolving phlegm and relieving cough. Compatible with Sydney and rock sugar, it has the effects of resolving phlegm and relieving cough, moistening lung and nourishing yin.
Treat chronic cough, excessive phlegm, dry throat, shortness of breath and fatigue.
Note: Common remedies. Infants with chronic cough, mostly chronic bronchitis, are mild in nature and taste, and are suitable for weak children with chronic cough. It is not suitable for people with exogenous diseases. In this prescription, the authentic medicinal material Fritillaria cirrhosa is selected, and the effect is good.
6 vinegar beverage (special treatment: cough)
Ingredients: white vinegar.
Method: Boil the vinegar and let it cool for later use.
Take a spoonful at a time and swallow it slowly, several times a day.
Indications: vinegar tastes sour and sweet, and has the functions of removing blood stasis, detoxicating and reducing swelling. Use it to treat pharyngitis and cough, and eat it to eliminate throat itching. Seeing children coughing because of itching, especially when encountering wind. The so-called "itch is cough, but you can't pass it."
Note: This method will sometimes get unexpected results. But it is not suitable for people with spleen deficiency and dampness and joint pain. If you recover, eating too much will hurt your teeth and stomach.
7 Walnut Duck (Special Treatment: Cough)
Ingredients: walnut kernel 200g, water chestnut 150g, old duck 1, chicken paste 100g, egg white 1.
Production method: Slaughter the duck, gut it, wash it, soak it in boiling water once, and put it in a pot. Add a little onion, ginger and monosodium glutamate, steam in a cage, take out and cool, remove the bones and cut into pieces. Grind walnut kernel and water chestnut into powder, mix with chicken paste and egg white, and add a little wet powder to make paste. Pour the paste on the duck's stomach, fry it in the oil pan, and take out the oil control.
Eat with meals.
Efficacy Indications: Walnut kernel is sweet and warm, which can tonify kidney and strengthen yang, nourish lung and moisten intestine, and relieve constipation. It is rich in fat and grease, and contains a lot of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, vitamin B 1, B2, sugar and other ingredients. Water chestnut is sweet and cold, which can clear away heat, promote fluid production, eliminate phlegm and promote digestion. Duck meat is sweet, slightly cool, can nourish yin and replenish blood, and clear away deficiency and heat. The "Brief Compilation of Medical Forest" said, "The lack of heat is relieved, so cough is treated." Contains protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamins B 1, B2, B5, etc. This diet can tonify kidney, warm lung, resolve phlegm and relieve cough.