Talking about Youth Health Education —— Talking about Youth Health Education
Abstract: The concept of adolescent health includes physical health, mental health, good social adaptation and moral health. The healthy development of teenagers is related to the improvement of national quality, the fate and future of the country and the nation, and also an important foundation for building a harmonious socialist society in an all-round way. It is the responsibility of the whole society to do a good job in the healthy development of teenagers. According to the present situation of adolescent health education, this paper expounds the factors affecting the healthy development of adolescents from four aspects: the influence of family, school and social environment, the significance of adolescent health education, the problems existing in adolescent health education and the countermeasures. The problems existing in adolescent health education cannot be solved quickly, but finding coping strategies and making targeted improvements will effectively serve adolescents and their parents and ensure their smooth growth.
Keywords: adolescent health education, mental health, adolescent sexual health, family education for left-behind children
China Library Classification Number: G620 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1673-9795 (2014) 04 (b)-0230-02.
Teenagers are the future of the country and the hope of the nation. The concept of adolescent health includes physical health, mental health, good social adaptation and moral health. The healthy development of teenagers is related to the improvement of national quality, the fate and future of the country and the nation, and also an important foundation for building a harmonious socialist society in an all-round way. It is the responsibility of the whole society to do a good job in adolescent health education. This paper will elaborate from four aspects: the influencing factors of adolescent health development, the significance of adolescent health education, the problems existing in adolescent health education and the countermeasures.
1 Influencing factors of adolescents' healthy development
The healthy growth of teenagers is influenced by many factors, including family factors, school factors, social environment factors and their own factors. Under the joint action of these factors, teenagers' personality formation, behavior formation and psychological development will show different characteristics. Personality? Will be imperceptibly integrated into the growth process of teenagers, with their lives.
1. 1 the influence of family factors
A good family atmosphere can promote the healthy growth of children, but due to the implementation of the one-child policy in China, the family size has shrunk and a family structure model has emerged? Four, two, one? Trend (four old people, a couple and a child). The only child becomes the focus of the family, and parents will inevitably indulge in love. Children will be selfish, arrogant, fragile and not good at communication for a long time. Therefore, family life style and parental rearing style are of great significance to the formation of children's personality and the development of mental health.
1.2 the influence of school education
Influenced by exam-oriented education, on the one hand, school education unilaterally pursues the results of cultural courses, and the enrollment rate has become the only criterion for judging the quality of schools. Although the education department has always advocated quality education and paid attention to the all-round development of students, what about schools? Value intellectual education over moral education? The phenomenon is still serious. Lagging moral education means ignoring the development of teenagers' morality, physique, beauty and labor, which has a negative impact on the formation of teenagers' correct outlook on life and values. On the other hand, the quality of teachers is uneven. Some teachers judge students simply by their grades, and they cannot treat them equally. What's more, they are cynical about students with poor grades and punish them. This tension between teachers and students will not only increase students' rebellious psychology, but also leave a psychological shadow on students.
1.3 Impact of social environment
With the rapid development of China's economy and the influx of a large number of western cultures, social culture presents a diversified development trend. Teenagers have a strong ability to accept information, and they absorb social and cultural nutrition in many lifestyles. In today's information society, the network has penetrated into the life and study of teenagers. The openness of the Internet brings a wealth of information, but toxic information such as pornography and violence is very attractive to teenagers. The number of teenagers who are obsessed with online games is increasing day by day. The virtual, hidden and unconstrained nature of the network may lead to the lack of personality and moral anomie of teenagers.
1.4 the influence of adolescence
Adolescence is an important development period of life, and people's physiology and psychology are undergoing tremendous changes. These changes will bring problems to teenagers in self-acceptance, interpersonal communication, emotional control and stress tolerance. At the same time, they also feel burdened with a heavy mission from family, school and society. This physiological development has gradually matured, the child model has been broken, and the adult model has not yet been established, which makes it difficult for them to adapt to this change. Due to the development of self-awareness, they began to refuse to communicate with their parents, forming the so-called? Psychological weaning period? , itself can't solve the troubles brought by growth, resulting in confused psychology. In addition, the teenagers in this period have poor ability to distinguish right from wrong, can't stand the temptation, and are easy to go astray and be impulsive.
2 the significance of adolescent health education
2. 1 Promote the all-round development of teenagers
Teenagers, especially only children, have different degrees of mental health problems, such as interpersonal problems, emotional problems, personality disorders and so on, due to the influence of the growing environment. In addition, teenagers are confused about their own physiological development and a series of social problems have not been solved in time. It is very important to help teenagers understand the knowledge of healthy growth, strengthen their physique, cultivate healthy living habits, relieve the pressure of study and spirit, make them adapt to the pace of social development and promote all-round development.
2.2 Improve family development ability
The healthy development of teenagers and family development promote and integrate with each other. Family is the basic unit of social life, and children's health is the common expectation of every family. Adolescent health education can improve the caring and nurturing ability of families in promoting the healthy development of adolescents, which is of great significance to promoting family harmony and enhancing family development ability.
2.3 an important foundation for building a harmonious society
The core of building a harmonious society is people-oriented, and adolescent health education will affect adolescents' views on marriage and love, which is the need of stable social development. Starting from the actual needs of teenagers, we should do a good job in the healthy growth and harmonious development of teenagers with scientific methods. Therefore, adolescent health education is an important foundation for building a harmonious society, and it is also the responsibility of the whole society.
3 problems in adolescent health education
3. 1 lack of sexual health education for adolescents
The lack of sexual health education for teenagers in China can not be ignored, because parents and schools generally believe that sexual health education is a kind of? A double-edged sword? Is it easy to form if the scale is not well grasped? Instigate? Teenagers have premature sex. On the one hand, parents usually avoid talking about this knowledge, even if they want to talk about it, they don't know how to talk about it; On the other hand, the course of adolescent sexual health education in some schools is to let students teach themselves textbooks, and the carelessness of teachers can't meet the needs of teenagers for this kind of knowledge. At present, there are few sexual health education books for teenagers in the market, and most of them are not readable enough to meet the reading habits of teenagers.
3.2 Mental health education is a mere formality
In recent years, suicides among teenagers have emerged one after another, and injuries among college students have also occurred from time to time. We can't help but reflect on what happened to our children. Mental health problems are common among teenagers. Teenagers not only have to bear the study pressure of the senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination, but also bear the contradiction between physiological changes and psychological changes in their growth, which is prone to problems such as closure, depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education, schools offer mental health courses and are equipped with mental health teachers, but mental health education is still a mere formality. First of all, most mental health teachers don't study in the same class, and the number of teachers can't meet the needs of the whole school. Secondly, some schools' mental health consultation rooms just hang a sign outside an office, which is useless. Finally, even if teenagers have psychological problems, they are afraid to consult a psychological teacher under pressure. It is precisely because of the above reasons that tragedies that could have been discovered, channeled and avoided early will happen again and again.
3.3 Lack of authoritative education positions
Nowadays, most of the youth palaces and youth activity centers in society aim at cultivating young people's artistic talents and cooperating with school education. The courses are mostly piano, calligraphy, English and so on. Recently, the more popular experiential activity bases, such as World and happy city, help teenagers to experience the professional behavior of adults and understand social organizations by playing social roles, which is beneficial to improve the quality education of teenagers, but it cannot undertake the function of adolescent health education. There are also places for youth education in the community, but most of them provide students with a place for extracurricular activities and organize special lectures from time to time. These institutions generally lack the authority of adolescent health education and have no systematic teaching materials and teaching plans. Only by establishing the authority and public welfare of educational institutions can we establish a brand and promote it nationwide.
3.4 Family education is not enough.
Family is the basis of cultivating the healthy growth of teenagers, but many families are unable to do their best in adolescent health education. First, because of the pressure of social competition, parents tend to ignore the problems existing in the growth of teenagers; Second, parents themselves have no relevant professional background, lack of educational experience, and have no way to start when facing problems; Third, teenagers are prone to rebellious psychology when they enter adolescence, and they will be hostile to their parents' kind help. Therefore, family education has not fully played its role in adolescent health education.
3.5 Neglect of special groups such as left-behind children
The Research Report on the Situation of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas and Migrant Children in Urban and Rural Areas in China recently released by the All-China Women's Federation shows that the number of left-behind children in rural areas in China exceeds 60 million, and the overall scale has expanded; The number of floating children in China has reached 358 1 1,000, a substantial increase. They are in a critical period of physical development, habit formation and psychological maturity, as well as the formation of values and personality perfection. In addition, special groups such as poor families, single-parent families and disabled teenagers are also facing various problems in their growth. Due to the lack of educational resources, correct information sources and imperfect growth environment, their health education needs are neglected, especially the lack of adolescent sexual health education, which may easily lead to their psychological imbalance or even distortion, laying a hidden danger for them to go to society in the future.
4 Measures to deal with the problem
In view of the above problems in adolescent health education, the government, schools, families and communities should cooperate in many aspects, integrate and complement each other, and provide a strong guarantee for the growth of adolescents. I think it should include the following countermeasures.
4. 1 Establish linkage mechanism
Establish a working system for the healthy development of adolescents led by the government and supplemented by families, schools and communities, and form a long-term working mechanism conducive to the healthy development of adolescents. Strengthen cooperation with the education department, the Youth League Committee and relevant organizations to promote the healthy development of young people.
4.2 Positive social guidance
Expand media publicity, make full use of radio, television, newspapers and magazines, portals, mobile phone information terminals and other media, strengthen youth health education and publicity, strengthen positive guidance, set up special topics or columns, popularize the knowledge of healthy growth of young people, and launch text, picture propaganda materials and popular science film and television works suitable for young people and their parents.
4.3 Location structure
Under the guidance of the government, we will use social resources to build adolescent health education consulting service institutions and build a service platform for adolescents and their parents. Establish a multi-channel, multi-form and interactive service platform. Provide convenient, fast and accurate adolescent health knowledge consultation service and difficult assistance for adolescents.
4.4 Training for parents
Establish parent schools, mobilize parents' participation, and improve parents' quality. Parents' own quality directly affects the healthy growth of teenagers. Help parents understand and master the methods of adolescent health education, so that parents can meet the psychological needs of adolescents during their growth, cultivate their moral sentiments, cooperate with schools and society, and educate their children to grow up healthily.
4.5 to carry out teacher training
Based on the content of adolescent healthy development education, we should establish a professional team of teachers, send adolescent activity talents to schools, communities and other places, provide systematic, professional and high-quality services for adolescents, improve their self-awareness, enhance their social adaptability and protect them from harm.
4.6 Pay attention to special people
Children from special families face more difficulties and problems in their growth than children from ordinary families, so we should strengthen our help and care for teenagers from special families. By formulating corresponding policies, we will provide health services for adolescents from special families and increase services and help for vulnerable groups such as left-behind children, poor families, single-parent families and disabled adolescents.
Adolescent health education is a long-term task with a long way to go. The growth of teenagers is inseparable from the cultivation of family environment, school environment and social environment. Besides paying attention to their physical health, the education of mental health and adolescent sexual health can not be ignored, and the problems existing in adolescent health education can not be solved soon. However, finding coping strategies and making targeted improvements will effectively serve teenagers and their parents and ensure their smooth growth.
refer to
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