From 65438 to 0979, the book "Health Care Economics" edited by Paul J. feldstein, a famous American health economist, not only studied the health care and medical service market by using economic principles, but also analyzed nursing economic issues such as long-term care market and registered market in theory and practice, which made contributions to the emergence of nursing economics and laid the foundation. 65438-0983, Nursing Economics was founded in America. Its main contents include nursing market development, nursing cost accounting, nursing service related policies and nursing economic management. The publication of Journal of Nursing Economics indicates that the research of nursing economics has stepped onto an academic forum and marked the formal formation of nursing economics.
In the early 1980s, the competition in the field of medical insurance promoted the development of nursing insurance. Some countries have nursing insurance companies, and nursing expenses are paid by medical insurance companies or nursing insurance companies, social security bureaus and individuals according to patients' conditions. For example, in the mid-1980s, the United States introduced long-term care insurance, with flexible payment of insurance premiums, mainly providing professional care, intermediate care and continuous Et care. Social insurance is an insurance system enforced by legislation. 1993 Germany promulgated the nursing insurance law, and all citizens and domestic workers must participate in nursing insurance. Citizens will pay 1% of their monthly salary for nursing insurance, with employers and employees paying half each. The contents and standard laws of nursing insurance companies are clearly defined. Japan formally implemented the Nursing Insurance Law in April 2000, requiring adults over 40 to purchase nursing insurance, and stipulated the contents of insurance services, such as hospital care, home care, convalescent care and special health care.
American College of Nursing is one of the earliest countries to carry out teaching and research on nursing economics. From 65438 to 0993, the cost research center of the University of Iowa in the United States carried out nursing cost research, referred to as NIC system. Systematic embodiment: establish specialized institutions, equip full-time staff, determine 433 items and 6 categories of nursing cost accounting content, and realize computer management of nursing cost. Nursing cost accounting institutions play a key role in helping nursing economy evaluate costs, make budgets, make decisions and reduce the occurrence of nursing management crisis.
Foreign nursing economics has studied diversified nursing needs, multi-level nursing market development, systematic nursing cost accounting, institutionalized nursing insurance form, comprehensive nursing value evaluation, reasonable nursing benefit analysis, and enterprise-oriented nursing business model, and achieved fruitful results.
Under the influence of the continuous extension of nursing demand, the increasing diversification of service objects and the increasing economization of nursing benefits, many new phenomena have appeared in the research of nursing economics in China. 200 1 Beijing military medical college took the lead in setting up an elective course of nursing economics. Since that year, most medical colleges, hospitals, nursing societies and health education associations in China have increased specialized nursing training. On May 12, 2002, the first domestic monograph Introduction to Nursing Economics was published on the first international nurses' day after death, which included the formation of nursing economic value, the generation and development of nursing economics, the nursing value in healthy production, the supply and market of nursing demand, foreign nursing insurance research, nursing cost, price and income, nursing evaluation and budget, etc. In the same year, Beijing Training Base successfully declared the National Continuing Education Project of Nursing Economics Training in 2003. Although the research of nursing economics in China started late, in just a few years, all kinds of nursing staff (nursing educators, nursing managers, nursing researchers, etc. ) We have realized that the value of nursing service needs to obey the global economic integration, and have made explorations in nursing human resources, nursing costs and nursing service benefits, and achieved initial results.