The first heart sound is low and long, and the apex is the loudest. The interval between one and two is short and the apex of the heart beats at the same time. The second heart has a low pitch and is the loudest in the bottom of my heart. The interval between 2 1 and 2 1 is long, and the apical beats are out of phase.
sinus tachy-cardia
Anemia, hyperthyroidism, fever, carditis, heart failure and shock. Emotional excitement and exercise, adrenaline heart rate.
sinus brady-cardia
Intracranial hypertension can prevent jaundice and hypothyroid coronary myocarditis. Drugs affect propranolol, strong physique and slow heart rate.
Two heart sounds enhance the exercise or excitement of ordinary people at the same time, and two heart sounds are enhanced at the same time. Hypertension anemia, hyperthyroidism fever are all the same.
First heart sound enhancement
Ventricular enlargement is not senile. Hyperthyroidism and premature beats are strongly "medicated". Mitral valve stenosis and atrioventricular block were cannon-shaped.
Second heart sound enhancement
P2 enhanced mitral stenosis, emphysema and left heart failure. Left-right shunt congenital heart disease, high pulmonary artery pressure and arteriosclerosis are also common.
Decreased first heart sound
The second aortic valve is not fully closed, and the degree of inflammation in heart failure is low.
Decreased second heart sound
Arterial valve leakage or stenosis, arterial depression and disyllabic decline.
Pendulum law
The pendulum fetus has severe heart rhythm, myocarditis and myocardial infarction.
First heart sound splitting
Monophonic splitting, clear apex, delayed right bundle block. Pulmonary hypertension is caused by right heart failure and mechanical delay.
Second heart sound splitting
Schizophrenia usually has its own characteristics, which is the longest among teenagers. Exhale disappears and inhalation is obvious.
Sinus irregularity
Sinus arrhythmia is slightly irregular, with normal heart sounds and periodicity. Breathe in quickly, exhale slowly, and healthy children have Philippine disease.
premature beat
Premature beats are called premature beats, and ventricular premature beats are the most common. There are three kinds of sexual intercourse, which are easy to distinguish on ECG.
atrial fibrillation
The characteristics of atrial fibrillation are different and the speed is not uniform. The intensity is irregular and the pulse rate is lower than the heart rate.
Physiological murmur
The physiological noise level is low, and soft blowing is not conductive. Time is short, there is no tremor, and children should remember more.
mitral regurgitation
Mitral valve leakage has characteristics, and rough blowing is decreasing. More than three degrees of uterine contraction, left axillary conduction and left lying are clear, and inspiratory breathing is obviously weakened.
mitral stenosis
The murmur of mitral stenosis is broken and the diastolic rumble is low. A tone is excited, P2 is powerful, and the opening tone is accompanied by tremors.
Aortic stenosis
The aorta is narrow and characteristic, rough and squeaky. Cervical conduction increased and decreased, and A2 decreased with tremor.
aortic incompetence
Aortic insufficiency has its own characteristics, and diastolic sigh is reduced. Under the sternum, it reaches the left apex, and the forward leaning sound in the second area is clear, which is easy to hear at the end of breathing.
pulmonary arterial stenosis
Pulmonary valve stenosis is characteristic and coarctation is congenital. The murmur increases and decreases, and P2 decreases with the tremor.
Relative insufficiency of pulmonary valve
Pulmonary valve has its own characteristics, and most of the murmurs are relative. Soft blowing and horizontal suction are very clear, often accompanied by mitral stenosis.
Relative tricuspid insufficiency
There is contraction in the tricuspid valve area, and the murmur is like blowing. Most of them are incomplete, and very few are organic.
atrial septal defect
Atrial defect murmur is characteristic, between the left sternum and ribs. Systolic murmur is like blowing, and most P2 branches have no tremor.
ventricular septal defect
Ventricular septal murmur is characteristic, with three or four left sternal margins. A loud and rough contraction sound, often accompanied by contraction tremor.
Patent ductus arteriosus
Constant noise is typical, rough and similar to machine sound. When the patent ductus arteriosus is not closed, listen near the left rib of the chest.
Pericardial fricative sound
Continuous murmur has characteristics, so pay attention to distinguish chest friction. It is easy to hear when you lean forward and hold your breath, and the urinary toxicity of myocardial infarction increases.
Standing exercises and answers of comprehensive medical written test of traditional Chinese medicine; Efficient review of written examination questions and answers in comprehensive medicine of traditional Chinese medicine.
The ultimate sprint exercise and answer of comprehensive written test of traditional Chinese medicine
Myocarditis, emphysema, congenital heart disease, hypertension, mitral valve