1) nail shape and diseases:
1. The nail bulge rolls into the finger flesh, which indicates that chronic respiratory diseases may occur, such as emphysema, tuberculosis and cardiovascular diseases.
2. The nail stripes are disordered and dark brown, which is a reaction of dehydration and early kidney deficiency.
3. The horizontal stripes on nails may be a sign before myocardial infarction, and are also related to measles and mumps.
4. Flocculent white clouds appear on nails, which is often a sign of ascaris.
5. Vertical stripes appear on the nails, which are mostly manifestations of lack of vitamin A. ..
6. Partial nail shedding indicates metabolic disorder.
7. Nails are flat, sunken into spoons, dull and fragile, mostly caused by iron deficiency anemia.
8. The nail suddenly thickens and peels around the nail, indicating that there may be a tumor in the respiratory tract or digestive tract.
9. The middle part of the nail is sunken, and the whole nail becomes flat or spoon-shaped, which is often related to anemia, syphilis, thyroid disease and rheumatism.
10. Irregular pits appear on nails, which is very common in many patients with psoriasis.
1 1. Pits in nails are often caused by cluster baldness.
2) nail color and disease:
1. The appearance of nails is waxy white-this is usually a symptom of anemia. If there is a white line through the nail, it is more common in metal poisoning such as arsenic and lead, or Hodgkin's disease and pellagra. White spots appear on the deck surface, mostly caused by chronic liver and kidney diseases.
2. Yellowing on or around the nail surface-common in chronic hemorrhagic diseases, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome and carotene, yellowing around the nail, beware of malignant melanoma, but those who smoke or take tetracycline drugs for a long time are older.
People can also make their nails yellow.
3. Purple nails-mostly the characteristics of patients with heart disease and blood diseases, reflecting the lack of oxygen or abnormal composition in the blood. If purple and white appear alternately, it can be seen in limb arterial spasm.
4. Blue nails-If there is a lack of steam in the limbs of patients with acute abdomen, the nails will suddenly turn blue, and pregnant women whose fetuses die in their stomachs will continue to turn blue. If the nails are blue-purple, they are common in patients with congenital heart disease, lobar pneumonia and severe emphysema; Cancer patients or
Poisoned nails often have blue ecchymosis.
5. Blue nails-often appear in diphtheria, acute intestinal infectious diseases and esophageal foreign body obstruction; If the nail root is blue and half-moon, it is often caused by blood circulation disorder or heart disease, Raynaud's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis or lupus erythematosus.
6. Onychomycosis-common in glaucoma patients or patients with myxedema, rheumatoid arthritis, hemiplegia and malnutrition.
7. Black nails-more common in patients with trauma or paronychia, hypoadrenocortical function, gastrointestinal polyp syndrome, vitamin B 12 deficiency, and melanoma may also have black nails.