1 design objective
On the premise of helping to relieve stress, it includes the following aspects:
1) Create the possibility of sports and exercise; 2) Facilities for choosing, exploring and experiencing a sense of control; 3) Providing places for gathering and experiencing social assistance; 4) Make people get close to nature to the maximum extent and carry out other positive activities; 5) Factors such as road width, slope, height and form of plants and planting ponds must be considered to facilitate the entry of vulnerable people and gardening treatment; 6) Strengthen guiding signs and warm explanation sentences in the marginal space of the garden and special activity areas; 7) Colorful, fragrant, insect-attracting, bird-loving and diverse plant collocation; 8) provide a wider range of items to stimulate the senses and improve the function of activities, and improve the overall health of individual senses; 9) The garden is quiet and simple, and easy to participate and maintain.
In addition, if a medical park wants to make the best use of everything and exert its full potential, the factors that must be considered are: visibility, accessibility, affinity, quietness, comfort and positive art design.
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2 * * * The same characteristics of rehabilitation landscape
Rehabilitation garden can stimulate the five senses, provide various spaces, adjust patients' emotions, fundamentally relieve stress, help the body achieve a more harmonious state, and cooperate with appropriate drugs to achieve the purpose of accelerating rehabilitation. Rehabilitation landscape should have the following characteristics:
1) Clarity: The design of the rehabilitation garden should be clear and enlightening, not ambiguous or incomprehensible abstract art.
2) Access: The garden should be simple and convenient, find the path directly, and consider the circular garden road system and barrier-free design of the whole garden.
3) GatheringSpaces: There must be an open activity space in the park to create exchange opportunities and encourage interaction and socialization with others.
4) Private/private space: In addition to public space, private space suitable for solitude is needed for relaxation, meditation or private conversation.
5) Inspiration: Gardens give users different reactions. In addition to relieving depression, people also need inspiration and encouragement to achieve the purpose of rehabilitation. The use of sculpture, painting and music can revive the spirit and make it stronger.
6) Connectionto Nature: a garden that can bring excellent treatment must have lush plants, enjoy the sky, clouds and waves, and listen to various sounds of nature. These harmonious natural landscapes remind patients of endless life.
3 design method
There are generally three ways for environment to participate in medical treatment. We can explore the design method of medical environment: 1) Environmental factors (such as fresh air, sunshine, running water, plant fragrance, etc. ) directly participate in human physiological and biochemical processes; 2) Give people good physiological and psychological stimulation through human sensory organs; 3) Enhance people's physique by taking part in some suitable garden or gardening activities.
3. 1 Extension of traditional design method
The emphasis of medicine on nature and the extension of landscape diversification make the rehabilitation landscape design have the conditions and space for scientific development. On the basis of traditional design methods, we should pay more attention to ecological design, planting design in horticultural therapy and people-oriented design in functional details (including the above clarity and accessibility).
By using traditional design methods, field research and related case analysis, the concept theme is put forward, and the use function is transformed into a form by using aesthetic theory and artistic techniques, which makes the form subordinate to the function and improves the function at the same time.
Ecological design methods should not only create a good natural environment, but also show the positive and continuous state of nature, such as highlighting the growth state of plants through artistic means; Enlightening words or educational signs with obvious incentive consciousness. In addition, medicinal plants are combined with plants that stimulate the senses to achieve the purpose of medical education and horticultural treatment.
People-oriented design method should be based on users and their functions, emphasizing the harmonious interaction between people and the environment, and all facilities should focus on comfort and practicality.
3.2 with horticultural therapy
Gardening therapy in a broad sense includes regulating people's health through five senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste). The word "five senses" was first seen in "five roots" in Buddhism. Generally speaking, the main function of garden landscape is to serve the vision, because about 80% of people's information comes from vision. Due to the special function of the medical park, the five senses stimulating environment design in horticultural therapy integrates the disabled into the general population, fully develops their perception of the landscape except vision, and enables them to experience the environment together in the same area.
Horticultural therapy is what we usually call the use of plant cultivation and horticultural operation activities to adjust and update the social, educational, psychological and physical aspects of patients. Occupational labor is the most important labor in horticultural therapy. For example, a series of operations such as weeding, planting and changing pots, sowing and arranging flowers are used to increase vitality, build confidence, cultivate endurance and attention, and stretch limbs, thus strengthening motor function and feeling the rhythm of life. In terms of treatment methods, first of all, the amount of activity must be suitable for patients' mental and physical conditions, so as to maximize the effect of gardening therapy. Secondly, the site requires a beautiful environment and gardening facilities, and plants need to be carefully selected by horticultural therapists. More consideration should be given to which plants can improve patients' perceptual ability, social ability and cooperation ability, so that patients can benefit from them.
3.3 Art design with positive significance
The information conveyed to patients by artificial artworks such as sculptures in medical institutions must be positive. Abstract art, which is complex and interesting to healthy people, may be a shock and intimidation to patients in an anxious state, because people under pressure are easy to vent their inner panic to the surrounding environment and produce negative feelings. For example, in a hospital in the United States, some abstract bird sculptures in the garden frightened some patients and had to be demolished. Gardens in excellent cases usually incorporate clear garden elements: the overall landscape is dominated by plants, the space is concise and clear, the road will not make people lose their sense of direction, and the exquisite waterscape and comfortable seats make it look full of vitality.
Professor Huang Changshan
University of Texas
Tenure Professor, Department of Landscape and Urban Planning, American Institute of Architecture
The president (partner) of HHL (Helin) Planning and Design Company has been engaged in the teaching and research of landscape design for a long time, especially in the fields of healthy city and healthy community design, rehabilitation garden and rehabilitation environment design, and empirical design methods.
Offline tutor:
Associate Professor Zhang Limin.
Full-time teacher of environmental design specialty
Topic introduction
Rehabilitation landscape refers to the landscape environment that can have a positive impact on people's health and has a rehabilitation effect, including natural environment and man-made environment. Rehabilitation garden refers to the outdoor space environment designed for the specific purpose of meeting people's physiological, psychological, social and spiritual health needs.
With the improvement of social and economic level, people pay more and more attention to personal physical and mental health. Since 1990s, scholars and designers have paid more and more attention to the research on the influence of landscape environment on people's physical and mental health in developed countries in Europe and America. In this context, healing landscape and healing garden have also become an increasing social demand.
Project background
As China enters an aging society, there is an increasing demand for medical and health care institutions for the elderly. How to plan and design a healthy environment for the elderly and better serve the physical and mental health needs of the elderly population is an important and brand-new topic for planners.
Xi Anruibang Lantian Pension Rehabilitation Center Project Base is located next to Shilipu Bridge in Shilipu Village, Xiehu Town, Lantian County. The center is a large private comprehensive nursing institution, which was established on 20 18. The purpose of the center is to "give a happy home to the elderly in the world" and provide thoughtful and meticulous diversified personalized services according to the needs of the elderly. The project covers an area of about 9694 square meters. The present situation of the site includes two apartment buildings, a restaurant kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet, and an idyllic planting base. The existing building area is * * * 2200m2.
Project progress
Phase 1: Conduct field investigation.
Students conduct field research on the project, interview residents, managers and staff, sort out user needs, and provide basis for subsequent design.
Survey photos
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Investigate and sort out
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At present, the key problems to be solved in this project are: under the premise of ensuring the safety of residents' use, increasing the private and controllable outdoor activity space, enhancing the social function of landscape space, strengthening the creation of natural environment, providing users with opportunities to get close to nature and creating a feeling of home. The existing site has planting bases and poultry breeding as potential available resources.
The second stage: combing design and planning
According to the investigation of the project site, the needs of users and the principles of medical landscape design, the design strategies are sorted out in groups.
0 1
Option 1: Neighbor's house
design concept
Goodwill landscape
design objective
Through the design of landscape space, residents in the hospital will be guided to engage in outdoor gardening activities, physical exercise, communication and interaction, and their sense of happiness and belonging will be promoted, thus improving the quality of life of the pension center.
planning programming
02
Option 2: Why are you at home?
design objective
The design meets the expectations of the elderly for the quality of life and lifestyle, feels the temperature of the space, realizes the meaning of life and the fun of life, and finds a sense of security and belonging at home.
design objective
Meet the expectations of residents, their families and employees.
planning programming
The third stage: design review and finalization
03
Option 3: Yi Yang
Scheme characteristics
According to the physiological, psychological and health needs of the elderly, starting from the details, we will create a controllable, private and communicative space environment to enhance the comfort, security and sense of territory of the elderly.
Make use of the existing poultry breeding and vegetable planting space, pay attention to the convenience and comfort of planting and feeding for the elderly, improve the possibility of participation of the elderly, and combine it with rehabilitation activities to activate patients' perception and adaptability to the environment, thus delaying the progress of the disease and improving the quality of life of residents in the hospital.