The reason for doing urine routine for children
Nephropathy is an important disease that affects the healthy growth of teenagers. Once a child suffers from kidney disease, it will seriously affect his normal life, study and even the future of his life. Therefore, Zhongkang Physical Examination Network reminds parents to take their children to the physical examination center for physical examination regularly. The child's urine test is very important, which can find the symptoms of kidney disease in time and treat it in time.
If routine urine examination can be carried out, some children with common symptoms of renal diseases such as proteinuria and hematuria can be found early, and long-term follow-up, early treatment, early intervention and kidney protection can reduce the occurrence of chronic renal failure.
Routine urine examination for children is as important as examining children's growth and development, nutritional status and cardiopulmonary function. However, due to the lack of general survey in the past, few parents took their children to check their urine, and there was no obvious discomfort in the early stage of kidney disease, especially children, who were unable to express it, so that many children had entered the stage of renal insufficiency when they found the disease and lost the best opportunity for early diagnosis and early treatment.
Parents should pay attention to your child's cold and fever, followed by eyelid and facial edema; Abnormal urine color and abnormal urine test; When the child has a rash, purpura or impetigo with eyelid edema and abnormal urine test, he should take the child to the hospital as soon as possible.
Children's physical examination can not ignore urine routine
Most parents think that children can eat and drink, and they don't need regular physical examination, let alone urine routine. Most parents think that children have too few chances of urinary tract infection and do not pay attention to it, but it is not.
First, "the young man who worked for a month got uremia, and the seller donated his kidney as an old father to save the child" and "a family of four was infected with uremia and had no money to treat it". At the mention of "uremia" and "renal failure", the patients turned pale. According to Liu Jiaoshou, director of the Institute of Nephrology of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and member of the Standing Committee of the China Nephrology Society, chronic kidney disease has become a major disease that threatens the global public health, and the medical expenses are very high.
Hemodialysis costs more than 400 yuan each time, and a patient needs about 40 thousand a year. At present, only 10% patients are receiving hemodialysis, and 90% patients who need treatment give up treatment for various reasons. The cost of a single operation is 70,000-80,000 yuan for kidney transplantation and 20,000-30,000 yuan for anti-rejection drugs after operation, which is beyond the reach of ordinary families.
The World Society of International Nephrology and the International Foundation for Nephrology jointly propose to designate the second Thursday of March every year as World Nephrology Day, so as to arouse the whole society's attention to chronic kidney disease and realize early detection and early diagnosis. The theme of this year's World Kidney Disease Day is "Early detection and prevention of chronic kidney disease". When the reporter interviewed _ _ Hui, a postdoctoral fellow in children's nephrology and director of the Department of Nephrology, Hunan Children's Hospital, experts said that most children's kidney diseases can be cured, and it is necessary to pay attention to detecting the early "damage signal" of the kidney, and "urine screening" of children is the easiest way to find the early "damage signal" of the kidney.
At present, there are 3 million children with different types of kidney diseases in China, and the number of cases of chronic renal failure is increasing at the rate of 13% every year. Kidney disease in children is a common disease with a high incidence. However, most children's kidney diseases can be cured. Because some parents of children don't care about some slight symptoms of renal damage, delay treatment or improper treatment methods, the condition is prolonged repeatedly and eventually develops into chronic renal failure.
When interviewed by the blood purification center of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, the reporter met a young man from Changde who had been living on dialysis for many years. According to the doctor, the young man suffered from nephrotic syndrome when he was two years old and has never been cured. As soon as he catches a cold, his illness may recur. Last year, he suddenly fainted and was in a coma for 4 days. He was sent to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and was diagnosed with uremia. Since then, he has had dialysis twice a week to maintain his life. It is reported that the young man's family has spent more than 300,000 yuan, and now he still needs to raise a large sum of money to give his child a kidney transplant.
3._ _ Hui, a postdoctoral fellow in children's nephrology and director of the Department of Nephrology, Hunan Children's Hospital, said that routine urine examination for children is as important as examining their growth and development, nutritional status and cardiopulmonary function. Parents often lack such health knowledge, and few people take their children to check their urine. As a result, many children have entered the stage of renal insufficiency when they find the disease, and lost the best opportunity for early diagnosis and early treatment. In fact, in some developed countries abroad, they routinely check the urine of kindergarten children and primary and secondary school students every year, thus finding that some children have common symptoms of kidney diseases such as proteinuria and hematuria. Long-term follow-up, early treatment, early intervention and kidney protection can reduce the occurrence of chronic renal failure.
In addition, parents must pay attention to their children's early symptoms. The onset and development of kidney diseases are often very hidden, and there is no obvious discomfort in the early stage. Children, in particular, are not very expressive. When your child has a cold and fever, then there is eyelid and facial edema; Abnormal urine color and abnormal urine test; When the child has a rash, purpura or impetigo with eyelid edema and abnormal urine test, he should take the child to the hospital as soon as possible. People at high risk of kidney disease must have regular urine tests, especially children who have suffered from tonsillitis, scarlet fever and other diseases, and must have urine tests within two weeks. Children with henoch-schonlein purpura should undergo repeated urine tests within 3 months, and then should be followed up for a long time.
Analysis of the results of routine urine examination in children
What's wrong with routine urine examination?
Urine routine is a simple and accurate screening test for the diagnosis of urinary system diseases, which can often provide clues for early diagnosis. For example, urine routine can not only reflect the pH and specific gravity of urine, but also further reveal whether children need laboratory examination, tracking and follow-up of other urinary system diseases if there are red blood cells, white blood cells and casts, so as not to delay their illness. To analyze the changes of urine composition, and provide basis for the diagnosis of renal diseases and functional status and some metabolic diseases (such as diabetes).
What does the presentation of red blood cells, white blood cells and protein mean?
In addition to fever, red blood cells, white blood cells and proteinuria appear in urine routine, suggesting that there is a possibility of disease in renal urine. If the urine routine is abnormal for the first time, a second urine test should be carried out. If the second urine test is abnormal, you should go to the relevant hospital for consultation or treatment. Erythrocytosis in urine often indicates that there are kidney diseases such as IgA nephritis in urine. Leukocytosis indicates inflammation (urinary tract infection), especially in girls. If a large amount of proteinuria is accompanied by high edema, there may be nephrotic syndrome, which can not be ignored.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of proteinuria and hematuria
Urine protein content exceeding the normal range is called proteinuria. Normal people also have trace proteins, but they are not easy to detect. Currently recognized urinary protein >: 150mg/ day or >; 100mg/m2/d is abnormal. At present, the detection method of hematuria has also been improved. For example, the microscopic test results are equivalent to 50 red blood cells, which need further examination.
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