The human small intestine is about 5 meters long and is a curved tube. The duodenum is about 25cm, the jejunum is about 2m, and the ileum is about 3 m. There are a lot of villi on the wall of small intestinal folds, and its surface area is always about the size of a football field. Rapid cell renewal is also the only way to absorb nutrients.
The large intestine is about 1.5m long, including appendix, cecum and ascending colon. Transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum. The digestive tract harmoniously promotes food movement in the official cavity under the function of gastrointestinal nerve and endocrine. After nutrient absorption, food residues are discharged through rectum and anus.
We consume a lot of antigens, bacteria and toxic substances every day, which can resist the harm of foreign harmful substances to the body through the physiological structure on the surface of gastrointestinal mucosa and gastrointestinal immune system.
How to keep the nutritional and healthy balance of intestinal environment? 1. Ensure food safety as soon as possible. Food safety should be given priority in cleaning, processing and storage. For example, when we wash vegetables, we should soak them in clean water 10 ~ 20 minutes, which can reduce pesticide residues and adversely affect the intestines. Some vegetables can be blanched in boiling water for a short time, so that the nutritional components of food can be more fully preserved.
2. Eat fresh food and reduce the intake of processed food. As we all know, processed meat uses food additives in order to look good. Although the food ingredient list tips are in line with normal human standards, everyone has different individual differences. It is recommended to eat less processed foods with more than five additives.
3. The food should be comprehensive, not partial eclipse. The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic tells us that "five grains are for nourishment, five fruits are for help, five livestock are for benefit, five vegetables are for filling, and the smell is combined to replenish essence." The staple food we eat is the main source of energy for our bodies. Fish, eggs and milk provide us with good protein and fat, which makes our cells more energetic and renewed.
4. Exercise moderately, quit smoking and limit alcohol. 20 16 new version of "dietary guidelines for China residents" points out that the human body exercises 6000 steps every day. If the body does not exercise for a long time, the muscles will shrink and the fat will accumulate. Exercise can increase muscle, reduce fat consumption and keep our normal weight.